• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2004

There is a new trend of incorporating software coverage metrics into software reliability modelling. This paper proposes a coverage-based software reliability growth model. Firstly, the failure rate function in coverage is analytically derived. Then it is shown that the number of detected faults follows a Nonhomogeneous Poisson distribution of which intensity function is the failure rate function in coverage. Practical applicability of the proposed models is examined by illustrative numerical examples.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.89-95
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• 2002

This paper considers the problem of estimating paramaters of the bivariate exponential distribution with a loaction parameter for a two-component shared parallel system using component data from system-level life test terminated at the time of the prespecified number of system failure. In the system-level life testing, there are three patterns of failure types; 1) both component failed 2) both component censored 3) one is failed and the other is censored. In the third case, we assume that the failure time might be known or unknown. The maximum likelihood estimators are obtained for the case of known/unknown failure time when the other component is censored.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.179-191
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• 2021

In this study, the strength and failure mechanism of red sandstones with combined defects were investigated by uniaxial compression tests on red sandstones with different crack angles using two-dimensional particle flow code numerical software, and their mechanical parameters and failure process were studied and analyzed. The results showed that the mechanical characteristics such as peak strength, peak strain, and elastic modulus of the samples with prefabricated combined defects were significantly inferior than those of the intact samples. With increasing crack angle from 15° to 60°, the weakening area of cracks increased, elastic modulus, peak strength, and peak strain gradually reduced, the total number of cracks increased, and more strain energy was released. In addition, the samples underwent initial brittle failure to plastic failure stage, and the failure form was more significant, leading to peeling phenomenon. However, with increasing crack angle from 75° to 90°, the crack-hole combination shared the stress concentration at the tip of the crack-crack combination, resulted in a gradual increase in elastic modulus, peak strain and peak strength, but a decrease in the number of total cracks, the release of strain energy reduced, the plastic failure state weakened, and the spalling phenomenon slowed down. On this basis, the samples with 30° and 45° crack-crack combination were selected for further experimental investigation. Through comparative analysis between the experimental and simulation results, the failure strength and final failure mode with cracks propagation of samples were found to be relatively similar.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.194-202
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• 2019

Reliability analysis of the components frequently starts with the data that manufacturer provides. If enough failure data are collected from the field operations, the reliability should be recomputed and updated on the basis of the field failure data. However, when the failure time record for a component contains only a few observations, all statistical methodologies are limited. In this case, where the failure records for multiple number of identical components are available, a valid alternative is combining all the data from each component into one data set with enough sample size and utilizing the useful information in the censored data. The ROK Navy has been operating multiple Patrol Killer Guided missiles (PKGs) for several years. The Korea Multi-Function Control Console (KMFCC) is one of key components in PKG combat system. The maintenance record for the KMFCC contains less than ten failure observations and a censored datum. This paper proposes a Bayesian approach with a Dirichlet mixture model to estimate failure time density for KMFCC. Trends test for each component record indicated that null hypothesis, that failure occurrence is renewal process, is not rejected. Since the KMFCCs have been functioning under different operating environment, the failure time distribution may be a composition of a number of unknown distributions, i.e. a mixture distribution, rather than a single distribution. The Dirichlet mixture model was coded as probabilistic programming in Python using PyMC3. Then Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling technique employed in PyMC3 probabilistically estimated the parameters' posterior distribution through the Dirichlet mixture model. The simulation results revealed that the mixture models provide superior fits to the combined data set over single models.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.921-926
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• 2009

The RPN provides information which includes the risk level and the priority order of maintenance tasks for components. However, if there is no sufficient historical failure data, the historical failure data from other sources can be applied to the target system. And if we use historical data from other sources without any process, there will be concomitant problems according to a discord of each system characteristic, a difference between the present and the date of failure data, etc. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed to model the failure rate as a fuzzy function to resolve these problems. Taking advantage of this result, the RPN can be calculated by using the fuzzy operation. The proposed method is applied to the substation system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.40-52
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• 1998

A good grasp of the failure mechanisms of resistance spot weld, widely used in joining the auto-panels, in essential to the structural/crashworthy analyses and integrity assessment of the whole auto-body. In this study, We provide an estimative model describing the failure behavior of resistance spotf weld, and apply the model to the finite element analysis of crashworthiness. First, in "Part 1-Failure Criteria", to be used for the finite element analysis of spot-welded structural panels of an auto-body, (i) a methodology for quantifying the spot weld failure and the accompanying failure criteria are presented, and (ii) the coefficients of the failure equation are determined by a munimum number of appropriate experimental tests. To achieve these, we derive the functional form of the failure envelop by limit analysis, and correlate it with the form in PAM-$CRASH^{TM}$ code, and also investigate the effect of the failure coefficients on the failure envelop form. An estimative model obtained in this Part1, as spot weld failure criteria is applied to the Macroscopic finite element analysis of autobody structural panels using PAM-$CRASH^{TM}$ code in Part 2.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.436-449
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• 2017

In this paper, the damage and failure behavior of triaxially braided textile composites was studied using progressive failure analysis. The analysis was performed at both micro and meso-scales through iterative cycles. Stress based failure criteria were used to define the failure states at both micro- and meso-scale models. The stress-strain curve under uniaxial tensile loading was drawn based on the load-displacement curve from the progressive failure analysis and compared to those by test and computational results from reference for verification. Then, the detailed failure initiation and propagation was studied using the verified model for both tensile and compression loading cases. The failure modes of each part of the model were assessed at different stages of failure. Effect of ply stacking and number of unit cells considered were then investigated using the resulting stress-strain curves and damage patterns. Finally, the effect of matrix plasticity was examined for the compressive failure behavior of the same model using elastic, elastic - perfectly plastic and multi-linear elastic-plastic matrix properties.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2020

In this study, the purpose is to identify the risks of the facilities of packaged hydrogen stations. As a risk identification method, failure mode & effect analysis (FMEA), a qualitative risk assessment, was used to analyze failure mode and effects of component of each facility. The analysis criteria were used to derive the risk priority number (RPN) using the 5-point method according to severity, incidence, and detectability. The study analyzed a total of 141 components of 23 types that can be identified on the design of the packaged hydrogen filling station. As a result, 683 types of failures and their causes and effects were identified. and the RPN was number of a total of 1,485. Of these, 10 failure types with a RPN value of 40 or more were deemed necessary. In addition, a list of failure types with a severity score of 5 was identified and analyzed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

The safety assessment for facility industry is now being periodically performed. For the purpose of scientific safety management, QRA(Quantitative Risk Assessment) is also being performed, and reliability data of the facilities is essential to perform the assessment. Generally, the existing safety assessment is performed by using the values announced in other industry processes, which result in the drop of reliability. In order to solve this problem, there is an urgent need to establish reliability database for the facilities. The most appropriate method is to perform a direct reliability analysis towards the facilities undergoing safety assessment. In this study, in compliance with the assessment method and procedure of OREDA-2002 handbook, the facility reliability data are collected, which include the calendar time and operational time in terms of different facility items, the number of failures in terms of different failure mode, the mean, standard deviation, lower limit and upper limit of failure rate, and the failure rate. And the data process method for this special occasion is also proposed when the number of failure is 0.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2015

Railway vehicle equipment goes back again to the state just before when failure by the repair. In repairable system, we are interested in the failure interval. As such, a statistical model of the point process, NHPP power law is often used for the reliability analysis of a repairable system. In order to derive a quantitative reliability value of repairable system, we analyze the failure data of the air brake system of the train line 7. The quantitative value is the failure intensity function that was modified, converted into a cost-rate function. Finally we studied the optimal number and optimal interval in which the costs to a minimum consumption point as cost-rate function. The minimum cost point was 194,613 (won/day) during the total life cycle of the braking system, then the optimal interval were 2,251days and the number of optimal preventive maintenance were 7 times. Additionally, we were compared to the cost of a currently fixed interval(4Y) and the optimum interval then the optimal interval is 3,853(won/day) consuming smaller. In addition, judging from the total life, "fixed interval" is smaller than 1,157 days as "optimal interval".