• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-61
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• 1978

A study was made to investigate a relationship existing in the dentoskeletal framework and the soft tissue profile around the face, and compare the sexual differences between boys and girls having the normal occlusion in the mixed dentition. The lateral cephalograms were composed of 67 boys aged 10.3 years and 68 girls aged 10.4 years, respectively. By means of the lateral cephalograms, both the hard-and soft tissue structures were simultaneously analyzed, measured and evaluated by introducing the several reference items: S-N plane, palatal plane, mandibular plane, N-A line and A-P line for the dentoskeletal structures and N’-P’line for the soft tissue, and the 21 measuring points for the both structures. The significant findings were as follows: 1. In general the boys showed the larger nasal component dimension than did the girls, but the length and height of nose(N’-Prn and NA-Prn) showed the significant sexual difference among those when evaluated statistically. 2. The lip-thickness was found to be minimal in the region of nasion, greater in the region of pogonion, and much greater in the region of point A in the both sexes, but the only thickness over point A(A-A’) showed the significant sexual difference statistically. 3. The upper and lower lip position were found to be located anteriorly to the esthetic line in the both sexes, but upper lip position showed the significant sexual difference when evaluated statistically. 4. The regions of nose and upper lip had a tendency not to be following the underlying skeletal profile.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.116-129
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• 2000

The interaction of incident monochromatic waves with a tensioned, flexible, circular membrane submerged horizontally below free surface is investigated in the frame of three-dimensional linear hydro-elastic theory. The velocity potential is split into two parts i.e. the diffraction potential representing the scattering of incident waves by a rigid circular disk and the radiation potential describing motion induced waves by elastic responses of flexible membrane. The fluid domain is divided into three regions, and the diffraction and radiation potentials in each region are expressed by the Fourier Bessel series. The displacement of circular membrane is expanded with a set of natural functions, which satisfy the membrane equation of motion and boundary conditions. The unknown coefficients in each region are determined by applying the continuity of pressure and normal velocity at the matching boundaries. The results show that various types of wave focusing are possible by controlling the size, submergence depth, and tension of membrane.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 1997

With increasing tendency of incidence and interest for the late onset schzophrenia, concerns about whether this disorder is etiologically or phenomenogically distinctive entity or not have increased also. To clarify the disease entity of the late onset schzophrenia and the role of structural brain changes in its etiology, authors tried to prove following hypothesis : Are there any evidences of structural brain changes in the lateonset schizophrenia? ; If present, are they not different from those of the early-onset schizophrenia or progressive schizophrenia? ; And are they not different from those of senile dementia? Subjects were 6 patients with the late-onset schizophrenia, 6 patients with the early-onset schizophrenia, 6 patients with progressive schizophrenia, 6 patients with Alzheimer's dementia, and 6 controls. We measured regions of interest of the magnetic resonance images by computer assisted planimetry using the AutoCad and digitizer. Our study results may suggest that the third ventricular enlargement and a reversal of normal difference between left and right temporal lobe and left-right difference in posterior lateral ventricle are common brain pathology for all types of schizophrenia including the late onset schzophrenia. And also suggest that brain structural changes of the late onset schizophrenia are related with neurodevelopmental abnormality rather than degenerative change.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

The production of soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, including female formation and fecundity was much higher in SCN race 14 (R14) than in race 3 (R3) in susceptible soybean cultivars Bragg (intolerant), Lee74 (moderately tolerant), and PI 97100 (highly tolerant). The nematode body was also significantly larger in R14 than in R3 at 20 days after inoculation, but the further nematode growth appeared to be slower in R14 than in R3, resulting in no significant difference between the two races at 30 days after inoculation. Within each race, no significant difference was observed in the growth and reproduction among the soybean cultivars tested. Syncytial areas near the nematode lip regions (infection sites) were measured for each soybean cultivar-SCN race combination. R14 induced significantly larger syncytia than R3. Bragg had relatively larger syncytia than Lee74 and PI 97100, but the difference among the soybean cultivars was minimal or not significantly different. Syncytium occupation in the stelar region differed only between PI 97100 and the other two cultivars, which may be somewhat, but not exactly, related to tolerance levels. Syncytial cytomplasm was degenerated more with R14 and in Bragg than with R3 and in Lee74 and PI 97100, respectively. In light microscopy, degenerated syncytia were characterized by depleted and loose cytoplasm with less plastids than normal-looking (intact) syncytia which had dense syncytial cytoplasm. Electron microscopy revealed that degenerated syncytia contained highly vacuolated cytoplasm with degenerated plastids. The above results suggest that structural characteristics of syncytia may match the nematode growth and reproduction.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.866-876
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• 1996

A feature extraction method for the objects that have a circular cross section is proposed.To implement a robust recognition system which can effectively deal with various types of 2-dimensional image and 3-dimensional image, both 2- dimensional information and 3-dimensional information should be collectively extracted and combined for the optimum. For this, this paper presents a feature extraction method for 3-dimensional objects, particularly for the objects with a circular cross section which most objects in the real world are known to have. Firstly, the Z gradient is proposed to extract the shape information from those objects. Using this information, normal vectors are derived from the surface patches. The intersection points between the vectors are applied to the geometric feature extraction.Also, for more accurate recognition, a feature extraction method for between surface regions is proposed.Finally, the extraction method of function information is investigated for the final recognition process.The usefulness of the proposed method is proved through the experimentation.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.921-926
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• 2014

Face detection refers to the process extracting facial regions in an input image, which can improve speed and accuracy of recognition or authorization system, and has diverse applicability. Since conventional works have tried to detect faces based on the whole shape of faces, its detection performance can be degraded by occlusion made with accessories or parts of body. In this paper we propose a method combining local feature descriptors and probability modeling in order to detect partially occluded face effectively. In training stage, we represent an image as a set of local feature descriptors and estimate a statistical model for normal faces. When the test image is given, we find a region that is most similar to face using our face model constructed in training stage. According to experimental results with benchmark data set, we confirmed the effect of proposed method on detecting partially occluded face.

• Atmosphere
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.501-509
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• 2019

Asian Dust is a meteorological phenomenon that sand particles are raised from the arid and semi-arid regions-Taklamakan Desert, Gobi Desert and Inner Mongolia in China-and transported by westerlies and deposited on the surface. Asian dust results in a negative effect on human health as well as environmental, social and economic aspects. For monitoring of Asian Dust, Korea Meteorological Administration operates 29 stations using a continuous ambient particulate monitor. Kim et al. (2016) developed an automatic quality check (AQC) algorithm for objective and systematic quality check of observed PM₁₀ concentration and evaluated AQC with results of a manual quality check (MQC). The results showed the AQC algorithm could detect abnormal observations efficiently but it also presented a large number of false alarms which result from valid error check. To complement the deficiency of AQC and to develop an AQC system which can be applied in real-time, AQC has been modulated. Based on the analysis of instrument status codes, valid error check process was revised and 6 status codes were further considered as normal. Also, time continuity check and spike check were modified so that posterior data was not referred at inspection time. Two-year observed PM₁₀ concentration data and corresponding MQC results were used to evaluate the modulated AQC compared to the original AQC algorithm. The results showed a false alarm ratio decreased from 0.44 to 0.09 and the accuracy and the probability of detection were conserved well in spite of the exclusion of posterior data at inspection time.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 1998

The mototic and meiotic chromosomal characteristics of ICR mice were investigated with G-and C-banding techniques. For the puposes, the chromosomal preparations were made with the modified air-drying method of Imal et al. Chromosomal analysis using testis could be observed mitotic as well as meitotic chromosomal behaviors, and the centromeric regions of all chromosomes including X chromosome were strongly stained in C-banded preparations. Nineteen autosomal bivalents and a single uniequal terminally associated X-Y bivalent in normal cells were observed during the late prophase and the metaphase of the meiosis I. The mean frequencies of previously dissociated X-Y chromosomes in the primary apermatocytes of the control group were 7.45%, but the frequencies of X-Y dissociation in the alkylating agents-treated group were about 3-4 times higher than that in the control group. Application of C-banding in meiotic stages could be certainly distinguish between vibalent type and univalents type of sex chromosomes.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 1984

Generally speaking, agriculture exist in a climatic environment of uncertainty. Namely, normal rainfall value, as given by the mean values, does not exist. Thought on exists, itl does not affect like extreme Precipitation value on the part of agriculture and of others. Therefore, it is important that we measure the duration and severity index of drought caused by extreme precipitation deficit. In this purpose, this study was dealt with the calculation of drought duration and severity indexs by the method of monthly weighting coefficient. There is no quantitive definition of drought that is universally acceptable. Most of the criteria was used to identify drought have been arbitrary because a drought is a 'non-event' as opposed to a distinct event such as a flood. Therefore, confusion arises when an attempt is made to define the drought phenomenon, the calculation of duration, drought index is based on the following four fundamental question, and this study was dealt with the answers of these four questions as they related to this analytical method, as follows. First, the primary interest in this study is to be the lack of precipitation as it relates to agricultural effective rainfall. Second, the time interval was used to be month in this analysis. Third, Drought event, distinguished analytically from other event, is noted by monthly weighting coefficient method based on monthly rainfall data. Fin-ally, the seven regions used in this study have continually affected by drought on account of their rainfall deficit. The result from this method was very similar to the previous papers studied by many workers. Therefore, I think that this method is very available in Korea to identify the duration of drought, the deficit of precipitation and severity index of drought, But according to the climate of Korea exist the Asia Monsoon zone. The monthly weighting coefficient is modify a little, Because get out of 0.1-0.4 occasionally.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.160-166
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• 2020

As mobile-based hardware technology develops, many kinds of applications are also being developed. In addition, there is an increasing demand to automatically check that the interface of these applications works correctly. In this paper, we describe a method for accurately detecting faulty images from applications by comparing major characteristics from input color images. For this purpose, our method first extracts major characteristics of the input image, then calculates the differences in the extracted major features, and decides if the test image is a normal image or a faulty image dissimilar to the reference image. Experiment results show that the suggested approach robustly determines similar and dissimilar images by comparing major characteristics from input color images. The suggested method is expected to be useful in many real application areas related to computer vision, like video indexing, object detection and tracking, image surveillance, and so on.