• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2009

Purpose: This study reports the basic reference data of the specific gait parameters for Korean normal adults. Methods: The basic gait parameters were extracted from 73 Adults (35 men and 38 women), 18 to 33 years of age, using a Vicon MX motion analysis system. The segment kinetics, such as joint moment and power, was analyzed at the hip, knee and ankle. Results: The motion patterns are typically associated with a specific phase of the gait cycle. The temporal-spatial gait parameters of Korean normal adults, such as cadence, walking speed, stride length, single support and double support, were similar to the other western reference data. The kinetic parameters of Korean normal adults, such as joint moments of force, joint mechanical power generation or absorption and ground reaction forces, were also similar to other western reference datasets. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that objective gait analysis can be used to document the gait patterns of normal healthy adults. The techniques of 3-dimensional temporal-spatial gait parameters and kinematic parameters analysis can provide a detailed biomechanical description of a normal and pathological gait.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2015

In this study, the gait imbalance evaluation algorithm based on two axes angle using encoder is proposed. This experiment was carried out to experiment with a healthy adult male to 10 people. The device is attached to the hip and knee joint in order to measure the angle during the gait. Normal and imbalance gait angle data were measured using an encoder attached to the hip and knee joints. Also, in order to verify the reliability of estimation of asymmetrical gait using hip and knee angle, it was compared with the result of asymmetrical gait estimation using foot pressure. SI (Symmetry Index) was used as an index for determining the gait imbalance. As a result, normal gait and 1.5cm imbalance gait were evaluation as normal gait through SI using an encoder. And imbalance gait of 3cm, 4cm, and 6cm were judge by imbalance gait. Whereas all gait experiments except normal gait were evaluation as imbalance gait through SI using the pressure. It was possible to determine both the normal gait and imbalance gait through measurement for the angle and the pressure.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권11호
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• pp.1634-1640
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• 2017

The study aims to distinguish hemiplegic gait and normal gait using simple wearable device and classification algorithm. Thus, we developed a wearable system equipped three axis accelerometer and three axis gyroscope. The developed wearable system was verified by clinical experiment. In experiment, twenty one normal subjects and twenty one patients undergoing stroke treatment were participated. Based on the measured inertial signal, a random forest algorithm was used to classify hemiplegic gait. Four-fold cross validation was applied to ensure the reliability of the results. To select optimal attributes, we applied the forward search algorithm with 10 times of repetition, then selected five most frequently attributes were chosen as a final attribute. The results of this study showed that 95.2% of accuracy in hemiplegic gait and normal gait classification and 77.4% of accuracy in hemiplegic-side and normal gait classification.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of attention-demanding tasks on gait and measured differences in the temporal, spatial and kinematic characteristics between young healthy adults and elderly healthy adults. Methods: We recruited 16 healthy young adults and 15 healthy elderly adults in this study. All participants performed two cognitive tasks: a subtraction dual-task (SDT) and working memory dual-task (WMDT) during gait plus one normal gait. Using the LEGSys+ system, knee and hip-joint kinematic data during stance and swing phase and spatiotemporal parameter data were assessed in this study. Results: In the elderly adult group, attention-demanding tasks with gait showed a significant decrease in hip-joint motion during the stance phase, compared to the normal gait. Step length, stride length and stride velocity of the elderly adult group were significantly decreased in WMDT gait compared to normal gait (p<0.05). In the young adult group, kinematic data did not show any significant difference. However, stride velocity and cadence during SDT and WMDT gaits were significantly decreased compared to those of normal gait (p<0.05). Conclusion: We determined that attention-demanding tasks during gait in elderly adults can induce decreased hip-joint motion during stance phase and decreased gait speed and stride length to maintain balance and prevent risk of falling. We believe that understanding the changes during gait in older ages, particularly during attention-demanding tasks, would be helpful for intervention strategies and improved risk assessment.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2005

Gait control capacity for most trans-femoral prostheses is significantly different from that of a normal person, and training is required for a long period of time in order for a patient to walk properly. People become easily tired when wearing a prosthesis or orthosis for a long period typically because the gait angle cannot be smoothly adjusted during wearing. Therefore, to improve the gait control problems of a trans-femoral prosthesis, the proper gait angle is estimated through surface EMG(electromyogram) signals on a normal leg, then the gait posture which the trans-femoral prosthesis should take is calculated in the neural network, which learns the gait kinetics on the basis of the normal leg's gait angle. Based on this predicted angle, a postural control method is proposed and tested adaptively following the patient's gait habit based on the predicted angle. In this study, the gait angle prediction showed accuracy of over $97\%$, and the posture control capacity of over $90\%$.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.351-360
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of observed action gait training on stroke patients. METHODS: 22 subjects were randomized into two groups. The observed action gait training performed that watched a video of normal gait before gait training and the general gait training without watching it. The experimental group(n=11) performed observed action gait training and the control group(n=11) performed general gait training. Both group received gait training for 3 times per week during 8 weeks. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant differences in the cadence, gait velocity, stride, step, single limb support, double limb support, stride length and step length(p<.05). The control group showed significant differences only in the stride(p<.05). CONCLUSION: The observed action gait training affected coordination and weight shift, as well as symmetry of the body. Plasticity of the brain was facilitated by repetitive visual and sensory stimulation. The observed action gait training promoted the normal gait by watching the normal gait pattern. In conclusion, motor learning through the sensory stimulation promotes brain plasticity that could improve motor function, and observed action gait training indirectly identified stimulated brain activities.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate that the change of lower-limb muscle activity when normal gait and assistive gait of older. Methods : The selected subjects of this study were 11 older who be in good physical health and have not problem to gait and over 60 age to analyze the muscle activity. This study has been conducted to analyze the muscle activity of normal gait and assistive gait in unitary status without any contrast group. We have them gait condition of a gradient of 0% and velocity of 1km/h, 2km/h, 3km/h electrode were attached to the motor point of Rectus femoris, Hamstrings, Tibialis anterior, Calf muscle. When normal gait and assistive gait performs, there are meaningful differences that the muscle activity takes a small drop in Rectus femoris by 9.17% at 1km/h, 9.79% at 2km/h, 13.80% at 3km/h, hamstring by 14.78% at 1km/h, 17.82% at 2km/h, 17.26% at 3km/h, Tibialis anterior by 24.38% at 1km/h, 23.85% at 2km/h, 33.52% at 3km/h, Calf muscle by 13.68% at 1km/h, 16.70% at 2km/h, 18.37% at 3km/h(p<0.05). Results : They show the significant difference in statistical figure. We've received the significant through the comparison between normal gait and assistive gait. These results will be utilized for the preliminary date in the future.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2006

The purpose of this study of which 10 University students in their twenties are the objects was to examine the causal differences of kinematic and electromyography during power walking and normal gait. We came to the following conclusions. 1) It took less time to stance phase, swing phase and whole gait time during power walking compared with normal gait. 2) During power walking, the step length and step length and lower limb length are longer than that of normal gait. 3) During power walking, ankle joint angle became more plantar flexed at LIC and RTO, knee joint angle become more flexed, so did hip joint angle at LIC and RTO. Besides during power walking the shoulder joint angle movement was bigger and elbow joint angle was more flexed as the trait of power walking. 4) During power walking, through out the phase the muscle activity of all muscle was higher expecially the muscle activity of Biceps brachii, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis, Soleus was higher. Therefore during power walking, one's scope of activity and muscle activity is relatively higher than those of normal gait, so power walking helps one strengthen muscular power and energy metabolism. This will be useful information for those who are interested in diet and well-being.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2009

Purpose：To investigate of gait component in Parkinson's Disease patient. Methods：participated Parkinson's Disease patient(n=12) and Normal adult(n=13). gait measure used by GaitRite. Results：SPSS for win version 12 was used for statistic analysis and independent t-test used to find between two groups. In the comparison of temporal parameter of gait between groups, the swing phase was significant decreased in Parkinson's groups, in the stance phase was significant increased in Normal groups, in the single support was significant decreased in Parkinson's groups and in the double support was significant increased in Parkinson's groups(p<.05). In the asymmetrical ratio of singele support was significant increased in Parkinson's groups(p<.05), and the swing phase and stance phase was significant increased in Parkinson's groups(p<.05). Conclusion：In the Parkinson's Disease patient gait showed temporal and spatial component variable changes comparison normal adult. therefore, it was seems to very important considerable at gait tranning in clinical intervention.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.829-840
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• 2015

본 연구는 정상시를 가진 정상인을 대상으로 입체시 부족을 유발하여 장애물 보행 시 발생될 것으로 생각되는 하지관절의 운동 변화에 대한 운동학적 분석과 지면반력의 변화를 고찰하는 것이다. 본 연구의 대상자는 입체시 테스트를 거쳐 통과한 18명이 연구에 참여하였다(age: 22.1±2.7 years, height: 176.8±4.4 cm, weight: 67.6±5.8 kg). 3차원 동작분석 시스템과 지면반력기를 이용하여 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 보행속도는 장애물 보행 시 느리게 나타났다. 고관절 각변위는 대부분 보행구간에서 장애물 보행 시 굴곡이 크게 나타났다. 무릎관절 각변위는 모든 보행구간에서 장애물 보행 시 굴곡이 크게 일어났고, TO와 FC2에서 입체시 감소의 영향으로 굴곡이 크게 나타났다. 발목관절 각 변위는 FC2에서 장애물 보행 시 굴곡이 크게 나타났다. 몸통기울기는 MSt, TO, MSw에서 장애물 보행 시 신전이 크게 나타났다. 지면반력은 Fx 값(내외측힘)에서 차이가 나타나지 않았지만, Fy 값(전후힘)에서 좌우발 모두 장애물 보행 시 전방 최대힘(추진력)이 크게 나타났고, 후방 최대힘(제동력)은 오른발은 입체시부족 보행 시 크게 나타났으며, 왼발은 장애물 보행 시 크게 나타났다. Fz 값(수직힘)은 최대힘-1과 최대힘-2에서 좌우발 모두 장애물 보행 시 최대 힘이 크게 나타났고, 계곡힘에서 오른발은 입체시부족 보행이 정상시 보행보다 작은힘이 나타났다.