• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.83-96
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• 2020

Traditionally social problems had been largely left to be handled by non-profit organizations, not because of lack of interests in social causes but mostly because of lack of innovative ideas to solve them in commercially viable ways. This market failure has recently been fixed by social enterprises, which manage to provide both solutions for social issues and commercially viable business models. As a result, we have been witnessing a sudden spike of public interests in these social enterprises as well as a call for empirical investigation on social enterprises by prior studies. However, empirically investigating a social enterprise has been a challenging endeavor mostly due to the insufficient number of successful social enterprises. Answering to the call in this study, we empirically investigate Goyohan Taxi, a successful social enterprise that partners with visually impaired cabdrivers and offers a taxi service, by both longitudinally interviewing the founder and adopting in vivo observation throughout the entrepreneurial journey of Goyohan Taxi. Based on the single case study method, we find that Goyohan Taxi adopts two distinctive decision-making mechanisms, the de-escalation of commitment and the orthogonality of commercial and social goals. Although generalizability of the our finding is minimal due to the limitation of single case study method, our finding contributes to the research of social entrepreneurship by offering new avenue of research in decision-making process of social entrepreneurs.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.220-235
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• 2005

Internet Service Quality has been constantly the center of attention to Internet Service Providers. The KII project plan (Korea Information Infrastructure) aims to build broadband backbone networks mainly through optical fiber cables and ATM switches and to Provide the government ministries, local authorities and non-profit organizations with high-speed, highly capable broadband access to these networks at reasonable rates. The KB service model, however, is different from other Internet Service models much in the same way SP (Service Provider) and NP (Network Provider) differ from each other. In this paper, we evaluate KII service according to various customer satisfaction indicators under the methodologies and categories as put forth in both the ACSI (American Customer Satisfaction Index) and SEM (Structural Equation Model). We use a structural equation model (SEM) to demarcate the Korea Information Infrastructure Customer Satisfaction Index (KIICSI) in relation to network service quality. The results of our study suggest some strategies for the KII Project need to be modified and effectively implemented in order to increase the satisfaction level of the KII customers.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.363-376
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• 2012

In Korea, religious bodies are being given tax benefits like tax exemption and reduction in accordance with the Local Tax Law. By the way, there's no difference between tax benefits given to religious bodies and other kinds of non-profit corporations. In other words, tax exemption and reduction for religious bodies are being made without considering the very nature of the bodies. This is causing lots of problems. Currently, tax supports to religious bodies are mostly focusing on tax items related to their property, considerably diverting from the ultimate purpose and objectives of tax exemption and reduction for religious organizations. This is not also weakening local finance, but also diverting from the basic intent of so-called the induction system that if necessary, tax supports are given, but they have to be minimized. To solve these problems, comprehensive actions need to be taken, for example, reducing tax benefits given to religious bodies' property and motivating the bodies to make a variety of donations like in developed countries. Now, religious bodies should change their consciousness of tax liability that is imposed by the Local Tax Law. And the government should be more systematic in the collection and management of data that are necessary to levy taxes on religious bodies. If required, the government show the data to religious bodies, convincing them to positively fulfil their tax liability without complaint. This study discusses the current state and problems of existing local tax systems in relation to religious bodies and then propose how to improve the systems. If the systems of tax exemption and reduction for religious bodies under the Local Tax Law can be improved, it would contribute to improve the finance of local autonomous bodies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.424-437
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and stigma of children and adolescents, and the message types for them in NPO's fundraising advertisement videos in Korea. The subjects are 152 children and adolescents in 147 videos from seven major non-profit organizations. The analysis tools were constructed based on prior studies, and it was carried out after preliminary study. The results are as follows. First, the characteristics of children and adolescents indicated that the ratio of children and infants, main-role, poverty situation, one-parent family, and ward-role appeared the most. Second, 'general' was the highest in the stigma format, and 'hazard' and 'mark' was high in the challenge format. Third, the stigma message was the highest in message type. Finally, as of 2014, the ratio of stigma message and value-exclusion message increased, and the ratio of challenge message and mixed message decreased. The research suggests that a paradigm shift in the format of NPO's typical fundraising advertisement videos is necessary, as the videos may not protect the human rights of children and adolescents and may have negative effects such as stigma.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.51-61
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• 2011

The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) was first introduced sixty years ago in the academic field. However, the phrase CSR was not explicitly stated before the 1990s in Korean business and academic researches. Recently CSR is more considered a corporate strategy than a philanthropic donation. CSR comprises contributions to local communities as well as using environmentally beneficial and humane practices. Sponsoring is one available marketing tactic used in order to communicate with the market. This study of sponsorship has concentrated on developing brand asset by accessing potential values of sporting events or star-players. However, sponsorship includes providing funds or goods to non-profit institutions as well as sports or entertainment organizations. Accordingly corporate community-specific sponsorship is defined as firms offering to provide money, goods and/or services to individuals and/or institutions within a particular community, thus establishing an interdependent relationship between the partners aspiring to gain social and economic assets. National sponsorship is typically targeted toward commonly recognized individuals and/or organizations with the intent to maximize exposure of a sponsor's brand, and is known to positively affect brand equity(community-specific sponsorship is committed to a limited local area) that a firm could benefit from by gaining a specific asset. POSCO sponsors the Jukdo Market, locate dinthe city of Pohang, tohelp revive their traditional market. Inreturn, the Jukdo Market merchant suni on display sflags with the POSCO embleminfrontof stores with in the market intending to make shopper sand merchant saware of POSCO's sponsorship. POSCO has succeeded in acquiring public support from the citizens of Pohang. However, the economic effects resulting from the cooperative relationship between POSCO and the Jukdo Market have yet to be measured by any empirical research. The purpose of this study is to assess the economic effects created by the community-specific sponsorship from the groups of merchants and shoppers, measuring its influence on the corporate image and subsequent brand loyalty, as parts of brand equity. The result of the study shows that the community-specific sponsorship of POSCO of the Jukdo Market had different influences on its corporate image and the brand loyalty of shoppers and merchants. First, the merchant group who was more frequently exposed to POSCO's flag recognized the sponsorship of POSCO more than the shopper group, and, therefore, had a better image of the company. Second, the recognition of POSCO's sponsorship had a positive influence on its corporate image, and that positive corporate image had a positive effect on brand loyalty development. However, the recognition of the sponsorship did not have a direct influence on brand loyalty. The friendly corporate image developed by the recognition of the sponsorship consequently could have had an effect on brand loyalty. Therefore, companies should not relinquish investments to corporate image development if they require more brand loyalty. Third, the influence of corporate image on brand loyalty shows stronger results in the shopper group rather than in the merchant group. Psycho-graphic factors of shoppers and merchants might give rise to the difference between the two groups.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.51
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• pp.135-166
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• 2019

Recently, the Japan Cultural Agency announced a plan for revitalizing the art market represented by reading museums (advanced art museums) to promote industry through strengthening the sustainability and economics of art museums. Along with these policy announcements, the Japanese cultural system and Bypyeongje are divided into pros and cons, and there has been a heightened opposition, which is now in a state where policy promotion has been temporarily suspended. The opposite reason is that it does not meet the museum's inherent purpose of preservation and lore, and the reason for favoring that commercialism can ruin the art world is that the Japanese art society is other than art museums and museums Also, it consists of non-profit organizations, art festival administration organizations, support staff, volunteers, etc., but because of the high subsidy bias, no real labor costs are paid, which means that it is virtually neglected. Also, there is a vigilance that the art society itself, which reduces its reliance on subsidies in response to social changes, can survive. Seeing that the situation is not much different from Japan, Korea is also actively discussing new establishments of the National Art Bank, performing art appraisal and evaluation functions for revitalizing art works, art loan, art trust, etc. There is. As it is difficult to solve realistic problems with subsidies from the future situation, it is difficult for us to expand investment in culture, and culture and economy are united and linked. You will find a plan to make it operational. In this regard, it is thought that the examination of the cultural and economic agency's strategy, represented by the Japanese advanced art museums, gives us a meaningful suggestion.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.41
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• pp.387-408
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• 2014

South Korea already became an aging society, and is now in the process of becoming an aged society. With increasing elderly population, elderly safety issues such as traffic accidents and elderly suicides are becoming important problems. Elderly victimization are increasing, and elderly safety accident is also becoming an imporotant social problem. The police is doing various activities for elderly safety. The police is conducting programs for the elderly, such as a prevention program for fraud against elderly, and safety checks and traffic safety education for preventing elderly traffic accidents. Also, there's a program of providing regular visits for a lone elderly, expansion of CCTV network and fingerprint registration to prevent elderlies with Alzheimer's disease going missing. However, these programs are not done on a national scale, but rather limited to local police stations. The purpose of this study is to seek police roles for enhancing elderly safety, due to lack of police activity in this area. Recommendation for police roles in enhancing elderly safety is to first conduct routine crackdowns on fraud against elderly and also conduct education programs for preventing fraud. Also, crimes such as elderly abuse is lead by elderly protection agencies, but considering elderly abuse is a crime, the police should take a leading role. Also, to prevent elderly suicide, meticulous management of elderlies with high suicide risk is necessary, and elderly protection areas should be designated to prevent traffic accidents. Also, elderlies should be induced to turn in their driver's license. To conduct these matters of elderly safety, an organization exclusively charged with elderly safety is necessary. Elderly safety is a broad concept, and since police alone cannot handle the task of ensuring elderly safety, the police should take on a leading role in cooperative efforts with various institutions of the government, non-profit organizations and the community to establish a social saftey net for elderly safety.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.359-382
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• 2017

Content is the complex of art and technology of trend, so it is important to experience different technologies for content education. Today, many non-profit organizations plan and operate numbers of programs for disabilities, low-income, and minority families to enhance the quality of life and the realization of social integration. These programs are limited to museums and galleries, not so pro-actively in progressing. Various contend education is necessary to the expansion of cultural exchange for the culturally alienated area. Naver is running an outreach program named . It is an experience-based outreach program where current cartoon / webtoon writers come directly to the school to inform students about the basic story of comics and comic techniques. However, the fact that the is not centered on the marginalized area but is centered on the Seoul Gyeonggi area, has the limitation that they can not benefit from a wide range of programs because they have a space limit of 'school', and, has a spatial limitation that the experience of the work is excluded. 'Outreach programs in marginalized areas' must be reorganized into a fluid dimension, not a fixed, single-system program. You should be able to experience and experience your work by directly using various professional equipment of comics based on your capacity and experience, local culture, religion, and society. These program participants will gain the effect of attractive and effective learning with empathy with their comic experience. Meanings of Comics content outreach program are following: First, the rich cultural archive can be used efficiently by providing various contents to existing outreach programs with the educational limitation of museums and galleries. Second, Comics contents can be enjoyed as a part of our life by understanding diversity and technology of contents. Third, because it is the program of expertise' participation, it can remodel, and restructure the severed experience in remote areas for the continuous growth and development, and furthermore, it can enhance the understanding of society.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.142-151
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• 2020

This study is designed to deduce an implication for an effective implementation of the Special Act for Conservation, Management and Utilization of World Heritage in Korea which was legislated in February, 2020. To draw an implication, which is regarded as highly valuable for preparing for the implementation of the act, several case studies were performed focusing on four World Natural Heritage sites in Japan, and the result is as follows. First, it is enormously crucial for the central administration agencies and the local government to have a system through which they communicate one another regularly. All the target areas in Japan consist of three national parks and a prefectural park with natural monuments, and the national forest covers a tremendously large proportion of the areas. The Japanese central agencies including Ministry of the Environment, Forestry Agency and Agency for Cultural Affairs have communication with the local government through a system named Regional Liaison Committee in order to manage the sites effectively. Also, in the case of Japan, de facto administrating agencies involving non-profit organizations and the tourism association also participate in the regular conferences to communicate. Second, a specific committee consisting of academic advisers is strongly needed. In the case of Japan, Scientific Committee provides academic grounds for the management plan established by the members of Regional Liaison Committee, and an active system which allows the members to organize consultative committees and subcommittees has been established. Scientific Committee plays an important role in preventing the local government, which tends to manage the world natural heritage in more economically profitable ways, from damaging the environment of the site. The establishment of this type of committee is thought to be extremely desirable because the World Natural Heritage requires comprehensive and sustainable management plans on the ecosystem. Third, establishment of comprehensive management plan based on continuous monitoring on the environment and detailed action plan is exceedingly needed. To sum up, it is vital to establish a management plan considering environmental aspect, and detailed guidelines, which help execute the plan both properly and effectively, are required for systematic and sustainable management.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.52
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• pp.117-141
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• 2003

This study is to identify the efficiency in Busan social welfare agencies between input factors and output factors. For this purpose, gathered are the 2001 services reports of those study agencies. This study used 4 difference model, model 1; comparing input factor(social worker number & labor cost) about output factor(the total number of program used person), model 2; comparing input factor(the total number of social welfare agencies staff & the total working expenses) about output factor(the total number of program used person), model 3; comparing input factor(the total number of volunteer, social welfare agencies staff & a period of operation) about output factor(the total number of program used person), model 4; comparing input factor(the total number of volunteer, social welfare agencies staff, a period of operation & the total working expenses) about output factor(the total number of program used person). Charnes's study(1978) provided an analytical tool for efficiency services output of non-profit organizations, and DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) was a analytical framework for evaluating the impact of social service outcome. the finding are as follows : (1) In the results of comparing 4 models as same standard, we can find 35-55%(16-25) efficiency agencies among the 45 social welfare agencies. (2) For all DMU becoming the efficiency 1 to standard of output factor, model 1; 33 agencies are increasing the social worker number($\Delta$0.8 number), 10 agencies are raising the labor cost of social worker($\Delta$1,189,000 Won), model 2; 30 agencies are increasing the total number of social welfare agencies staff($\Delta$1.25 number), 14 agencies are raising the total working expenses($\Delta$1,447,000 Won), model 3; 8 agencies are increasing the total number of social welfare agencies staff($\Delta$2.26 number), 14 agencies are increasing the total number of volunteer($\Delta$52 number), and 10 agencies are increasing a period of operation($\Delta$13 month), model 4; 24 agencies are increasing the total number of social welfare agencies staff($\Delta$1.8 number), 12 agencies are raising the total working expenses($\Delta$5,017,000 Won), 12 agencies are increasing the total number of volunteer($\Delta$43.2 number), and 23 agencies are increasing a period of operation($\Delta$16 month).