• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2005

Local treatment for tumors has developed from extended radical surgery to function preserving surgery on the basis of modern biology. With the development of minimally invasive technique, it changed to be minimal-invasive surgery. And nowadays technical revolution made non-invasive surgery possible with appearance of several kinds of non-surgical knives such as gamma knife, cyber knife, and HIFU (high intensity focused ultrasound) knife. In this article, history, HIFU machine and treatment procedure, histological change and its mechanism, clinical applications, advantage, disadvantage, and future prospect of extracorporeal high intensity focused ultrasound therapy using HIFU knife will be reviewed.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.537-538
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• 2009

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.177-181
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• 2004

Non-invasive blood glucose measurement from mouse tail was performed by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Three groups; normal, type I diabetes (insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM), type II diabetes (non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) group, were studied over a 10 weeks period with the collection of near-infrared (NIR) spectra. Spectral variations from long-term measurement (10 weeks) from dramatic and nonlinear changes in the optical properties of the live tissue sample were compensated by chemometrics techniques such as principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression. The effect from mouse body temperature changes on NIR spectral data was also considered. This study showed that the compensation of variations from long-term measurement and temperature changes improved calibration accuracy of non-invasive blood glucose measurement.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.63-90
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• 2002

Quantitative measurement of melanin is the best method to evaluate whitening effect of cosmetics on human skin. However, non-invasive method to quantify human skin melanin with high precision has not been established. Whitening effect of cosmetics on the skin results in lightening of skin color. Therefore, it is reasonable to measure skin color in a reproducible manner for the assessment of whitening effect. Several Instruments or methods, such as colorimeter, mexameter, and visual assessments by experts , have been used for this purpose. In this lecture I will review the details of various assessment methods for the evaluation of whitening effect and discuss the pros and cons of each method. Then I will present briefly the results of clinical trial. Finally I will introduce new non-invasive modalities to quantify melanocytes.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2021

This article aims to introduce German discussion on the approval of the non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD), which started with the development of PrenaTest^® by LifeCodexx AG. The discussion started with the concern that the non-invasive nature of NIPD, such as PrenaTest^®, may rapidly expand the use and scope of similar tests, thus leading to a new era of eugenics. Based on this concern, the need for clear clinical guidelines on specific indications for NIPD has been suggested. Along the same line, it was discussed whether PrenaTest^® is against the Basic Law prohibiting discrimination on grounds of disability and whether the test is outside the scope of the purpose of gene testing limited by Genetic Diagnosis Act. Through such discussion, the Federal Ministry of Health of Germany established the preconditions for inclusion of NIPD in the German public health insurance system. For this, the German motherhood guideline was amended and the information for the insured persons provided to pregnant women was included in the amended guideline. Such discussion made in Germany provides insight on which points should be considered when various gene testings are accepted in Korea, in which genetic communication has not been systematized yet. In particular, German counseling system for pregnant women will provide valuable insights for Korea where the direction for regulations on abortion has not been established even after the ruling by the Constitutional Court that charges for abortion are against the constitution.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.305-310
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to classify the concentration of HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin), which is an indicator in the management of accurate blood glucose level in diabetic patients, using a non-invasive optical property measurement method. To measure the optical properties of HbA1c, the optical source uses LEDs and laser diodes of 400 nm in the visible region and 1450 nm in the nearinfrared region using thermopile to detect the Raman scattering intensity. An HbA1c control solution was used. As a result, the optical properties of 5% (normal) and 9% (abnormal) HbA1c control solutions showed specificity in which the output values were reversed at 850 nm and 950 nm, respectively. This property was applied to distinguish between normal and abnormal values in diabetes. In addition, considering tissue penetration depths for non-invasive measurements, two wavelengths were determined to be effective in distinguishing the concentrations of HbA1c control solutions at 5%, 7%, and 9%.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.154-158
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• 2023

The Asiatic black bear, Ursus thibetanus, is among the most threatened or endangered species in Asia. For its conservation and management, sex identification of U. thibetanus using non-invasive samples (e.g., hair and/or feces) is potentially valuable. In this study, a non-invasive molecular method for sex identification of U. thibetanus samples collected from various countries was first utilized, and it was based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the amelogenin gene via PCRs. Thirty-three bear DNA samples, extracted not only from blood (n=9) but also from hair (n=18) and feces (n=6), were used. We performed sex-specific PCR amplifications of the amelogenin gene using a primer set, SE47 and SE48. The primer set could successfully amplify a single X-specific band for females and both X- and Y-specific bands for males from all blood (100%) and hair (100%) samples. In addition, the primer set could distinguish the sex of bears in four out of a total of six fecal samples (approximately 67%). This study's findings suggest that this molecular method can be applied to sex identification of Asiatic black bears from various Asian regions using non-invasive samples, such as hair and feces.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3241-3245
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• 2015

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of mitomycin-C and chemo-hyperthermia in combination for patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: Between November 2011-September 2013, 43 patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer undergoing adjuvant chemo-hyperthermia in two centers were evaluated retrospectively. Treatment consisted of 6 weekly sessions, followed by 6 sessions. Recurrence and progression rate, recurrence-free interval and side effects were examined. Analyzed factors included age, gender, smoking status, AB0 blood group, body mass index, T stage and grade, concominant CIS assets. The associations between predictors and recurrence were assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results: A total of 40 patients completed induction therapy. Thirteen (32.5%) were diagnosed with tumor recurrence. Median follow-up was 30 months (range 9-39). Median recurrence-free survival was 23 months (range 6-36). The Kaplan-Meier-estimated recurrence-free rates for the entire group at 12 and 24 months were 82% and 61%. There was no statistically significant difference between patient subgroups. Cox hazard analyses showed that an A blood type (OR=6.23, p=0.031) was an independent predictor of recurrence-free. Adverse effects were seen in 53% of patients and these were frequently grades 1 and 2. Conclusions: Intravesical therapy with combination of mitomycin-C and chemohyperthermia seems to be appropriate in high-risk patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer who cannot tolerate or have contraindications for standard BCG therapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.303-307
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• 1995

We experenced 18 patients with surgically treated thymoma from January 1986 to December 1993. There were 13 male and 5 female ranged from 23 to 69 years of age. Among them Myasthenia gravis was present in 8 patients (44%) The predominant cell type was lymphocytic(11 patients), followed by epithelial (3) and mixed (4), and had no value in predicting prognosis. Treatment consisted of complete resection in 15 patients, partial resection in 2 patients and 1 patient was performed biopsy. Only, and then adjuvant radiation therapy was done in 7 patients and 3 patients needed adjuvant chemotherapy. Invasion of the adjacent tissue in thymoma was the most improtant prognostic value. There were 6 non-invasive tumors and 12 invasive tumors. Two patients with invasive thymomas resulted in death and one of 6 patients with non-invasive thymomas died during follow up ranged from 25 day to 60 months. The causes of death were myasthenic crisis in 1 patient, C. N. S. problem in 1 patient and pulmonary & mediastinal metastasis in 1 patient.

• The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology
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• v.72 no.5
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• pp.229-236
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• 2018

Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is mandatory for the effective management of many gastroduodenal diseases. Currently, various diagnostic methods are available for detecting these infections, and the choice of method should take into account the clinical condition, accessibility, advantage, disadvantage, as well as cost-effectiveness. The diagnostic methods are divided into invasive (endoscopic-based) and non-invasive methods. Non-invasive methods included urea breath test, stool antigen test, serology, and molecular methods. Invasive methods included endoscopic imaging, rapid urease test, histology, culture, and molecular methods. In this article, we provide a review of the currently available options and recent advances of various diagnostic methods.