• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.445-450
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 질소 시비수준이 생육시기별 식물체 및 종실에서 isoflavone함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 고속액체크로마토그래피(HPLC)를 이용하여 생육시기에 따른 식물체에서 isoflavone을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 질소시비 수준에 따른 일반생육은 50%증비구가 다른 처리에 비하여 가장 좋았는데, 엽수 및 엽면적이 표준비의 72.7개, $619.7cm^{2}$에 비하여 81.9개와 $723cm^{2}$으로 증가하였다. 2. 수량 관련 형질 중에서 협수 및 종실수는 50%증비에서 개체당 31.9개와 72.3개로 가장 많았으며, 수량도 246 kg/10a로 다른 시비구에 비하여 가장 높았다. 무비와 N무비구에서는 협수가 24.9개/개체와 25.1개/개체, 립수는 60.3개/개체과 51.1개/개체, 수량은 181.0 kg/10a과 178.0 kg/10a으로 낮았다. 3. 생육시기에 따른 isoflavone 함량은 잎, 줄기, 뿌리에서 개화이후부터 립비대기(R5)까지는 감소하다가 이후 수확기(R7)까지 다시 증가하였다. 4. 식물체 부위별 isoflavone 함량은 뿌리에서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 5. 시비수준에 따른 종실의 isoflavone 함량은 무비, N무비 및 50% 감비의 경우가 표준비나 증비보다 다소 높은 함량을 나타내었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 1995

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the nitrogen fertilization levels on the content of $NH_4^+$-N in soil of 'Suffolk' Kentucky bluegrass and zoysiagrass. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1.According to the nitrogen fertilization levels, the content of $NH_4^+$-N in soil of Kentucky blue-grass and zoysiagrass was not significantly different. The content of $NH_4^+$-N in soil of Kentucky bluegrass and zoysiagrass was highest in June and December and lowest in March and September. 2.The content of $NH_3^-$-N in soil was increased by increasing the nitrogen fertilization levels in both Kentucky bluegrass and zoysiagrass. However, the deeper the depth of soil the less the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil. In 40~60cm soil depth, the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil was lower than 10ppm in average. Even in June, which was the highest month of the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil, the content of $NO_3^-$-N in soil was not overpassed the degree of 20ppm.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.407-414
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• 1997

In this study, the optimum cutting 6equency and level of mineral nitrogen fertilization were investigated for the production of Reed canarygrass in uncultivated rice paddy. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Higher relative dry matter yields were recorded in 2nd cut of plots with 3 and 5 cutting frequencies, and 3rd cut of plot with 4 cutting kquency, respectively. 2. With no nitrogen fertilization, mean dry matter yields per year were 6.2~7.6 tonsha and the highest yield appeared in plot with 4 cutting 6equency. 3. The increased fertilization of mineral nitrogen resulted in the increased dry matter yield. Significantly higher dry matter yields than that of no nitrogen fertilization were recorded in fertilization of 90 kg nitrogen per year in 3 cutting fequency, 240 kg in 4 cutting frequency and 150 kg in 5 cutting 6equency respectively. 4. Efficiency of dry matter production with nitrogen fertilization(kg DMkg N) was higher in 30kg Nhalcut in 3 and 5 cutting eequency, 60kg Nhalcut in 4 cutting 6equency respectively. In each cutting kequency, the higher efficiency of dry matter production appeared in 1st cut in 3 cutting kequency, and 2nd cut in 4 and 5 cutting 6equency respectively. 5. Economic N level(kg/ha) was 179.5~242.3kg/ha in 3 cutting 6equency, and 189.6-241.6kg/ha and 167.0 ~253.2kg/ha in 4 and 5 cutting 6equency respectively, and marginal dry matter yields were 11.4~ 12.3 tons/ ha, 11.2 ~ 11.8 tons/ha and 8.3 ~9.1 tons/ha in 3, 4 and 5 cutting 6equency respectively. 6. The limiting N fertilization level to the highest dry matter were estimated to be 569.9kg/ha, 492.4kg/ha and 654.lkg/ha in 3, 4 and 5 cutting kequency respectively.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2007

토양의 질산태 질소를 이용하여 시설 오이의 적정 질소 시비량을 결정하고자 질산태 질소 함량이 67-343 mg/kg의 범위를 갖는 8곳의 시설재배 토양으로부터 오이를 공시작물로 표준시비구와 무시비구에 대한 생산력 검정시험을 포트 재배로 조사하였다. 오이의 수량은 최소 1,006 g/plant에서 최대 2,369 g/plant로 토양 질소함량 수준에 따라 다양한 생산능력의 차이를 보였다. 토양의 질산태 질소는 Agronomic efficiency(AE)과 N use efficiency(NUE)와는 부의 상관을 보였다. 질소 무비 재배를 위한 시험 전 토양의 질산태 질소 임계기준은 토양의 질산태 질소 함량에 대한 AE 및 NUE의 관계를 Cate-Nelson 일원분류의 분산분석법으로 비교하고 또한 무비구의 수량 및 지상부의 질소 흡수량과의 관계로부터 추정하였을 때 약 260 mg/kg으로 나타났다. 질소 표준 시비가 요구되는 시험 전 토양의 질산태 질소 임계기준은 70 mg/kg으로 추정되었다. 질산태 질소 함량이 70-260 mg/kg 범위의 토양에서는 Y=-1.032X + 269.2(Y: 질소시비량, kg/ha; X: 시험 전 토양의 질산태 질소 함량, mg/kg) 추천식으로 질소시비량을 결정할 수 있다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the dynamics of nutrients such as total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen ($NO_3$-N) total phosphorous (TP), and phosphate phosphorous ($PO_4$-P) in outflow from a cabbage farmland in a mixed land-use watershed. The TN concentrations in groundwater showed twice peaks in late July 2006 and late March 2007 (3.8, 4.7 mg/L, respectively), when it rained shortly after fertilizer application, indicating that nitrogen leaching is greatly influenced by fertilization and rainfall. The mean concentrations of TN and $NO_3$-N in surface water were not significantly higher than those in groundwater, while the mean concentrations of TP and $PO_4$-P in surface water were significantly (p < 0.05) were higher than those in groundwater. The TN concentrations in groundwater were generally higher than those in surface water during fertilization and early growing season due to the effect of fertilization, but vice versa in the other periods. In contrast, the TP concentrations in groundwater were always lower than those in surface water due to the sorption of particulate phosphorous by soil. The ratio of TN load in baseflow to that in total TN load (39 %) was much greater than the TP ratio (7 %), suggesting that baseflow contribute to nitrogen export. Therefore, proper fertilization management should be taken to reduce nitrogen load through baseflow.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 1994

This experiment was canied out to study the effect of cutting frequencies (3, 4 and 5 cuts per year) and mineral nitrogen fertilization on dry matter yields, in order to estimate optimum level of fertilizing mineral nitrogen in orchardgrass(Dacry1is glomerafa L.). The results are as follows: 1. Dry matter yields were the highest in the 1st cut at 3 cutting frequency and in the 2nd cut at 4 and 5 cutting frequencies, and they shared 49.7, 37.0 and 37.0% of annual dry matter yield respectively. 2. When only phosphorus and potassium were applied, annual dry matter yields were between 9.4 and 11.5 tons per ha and the highest yield was observed at 3 cutting frequency. 3. Dry matter yield in relation to fertilization of mineral nitrogen was highly increased when more nitrogen was applied as 360 kg per ha compared to 240 kg per ha at 3 cutting frequency. At 4 and 5 cutting frequencies, increases in dry matter yield, to large extent, were showed at 120 and 150 kg of nitrogen per ha(30 kg Nlcutlha) compared to no application of nitrogen. The efficiencies of mineral nitrogen fertilization (kg DM/kg N) were 28.0, 22.7 and 20.6 kg dry matter yields per nitrogen(kg) respectively). 4. At 4 and 5 cutting frequencies, dry matter yields were reduced when 360 kg and 300 kg of mineral nitrogen per ha(90 kg and 60 kg Nlcutlha) were applied respectively. 5. Particularly at 4 and 5 cutting frequencies of this study, maximum marginal yields reached at 129.9 kg and 148.0 kg of fertilizing mineral nitrogen per ha, and economical borden of mineral nitrogen fertilization were between 222.4 and 250.0 kg and between 244.8 and 276.8 kg respectively. At the same cutting frequencies, the highest dry matter yields were obtained at 365.4 and 433.8 kg of fertilizing mineral nitrogen respectively.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1992

This experiment was attempted to investigate the effects of growing stage, cutting frequency and the level of nitrogen fertilization on the change of carbohydrate reserves in reed canarygrass(Pha1aris arundinacea L.). The results obtained were as follows: The amount of carbohydrate reserves appeared to markedly decrease up to critical level after the cutting in hot and dry weather season. During the growing stage, the amount of carbohydrate reserves decreased just after the cutting and also during the period of flourishing elongation of reed canarygrass. However, it began to increase sharply from the end of September for wintering. Two cutting system showed the highest mean value(19.53 %) of carbohydrate reserves and those of three, five and four cutting system was 15.32 %. 14.73 %, and 14.60 % respectively. Reed canarygrass with no nitrogen fertilization resulted in 17.17% of carbohydrate reserve, however there was no singificant difference among various levels of nitrogen fertilization. In respect of regrowth. 3 cutting system showed the most effective cutting frequency, however 4 or 5 cutting system had a decreasing tendency of regrowth.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2000

This study was carried out to examine the effects of animal manure on efficiency of the nitrogen utilization of silage corn (Zea mays L.) and soil fertility. The experiment was conducted on the field plot at Gongiam, Kwangju, Kyunggi-Do for 3 years, from 1996 to 1998, and arranged in split-plot design with three replications. The main plots were two kinds of composts such as swine manure fermented with sawdust (SMFWS) and swine manure fermented without sawdust (SMF). Subplots were the nitrogen fertilization rate (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400kgNhalyear). The nitrogen (N) yield increased as the nitrogen fertilization rate increased up to a rate of 300 kg Nha, but decreased at rate of 400 kg Nlha. Nitrogen yield in SMF treatments was higher than that of SMFWS treatments. But there were no significant differences between SMFWS and SMF treatments. Organic matter (OM) content of the soils in SMFWS was higher than that of SMF, &d was not significantly different between SMFWS and SMF treatments. OM content increased with increasing the nitrogen fertilization rate. Total nitrogen (TN) content of the soils increased as the nitrogen fertilization rate increased. No difference of TN content was found between SMFWS and SMF treatments. (Key words : Swine manure, Compost, Corn, Sawdust, Nutritive value)

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels and types of nitrogen fertilizer on seedlings and soil chemical properties in a semi-arid area, Mongolia. 2-year-old Populus sibirica and 4-year-old Ulmus pumila seedlings were planted in May 2014. Six treatments with three levels of nitrogen (low-level: urea $5g\;tree^{-1}$; medium-level: urea $15g\;tree^{-1}$, ammonium sulfate $33g\;tree^{-1}$, urea $15g\;tree^{-1}$ with potassium phosphate $10g\;tree^{-1}$; high-level: urea $30g\;tree^{-1}$) were applied and for the medium-level of nitrogen, different types of fertilizer were treated. Survival rate, root collar diameter (RCD) growth rate, leaf nitrogen concentration of seedlings, and soil chemical properties were determined in August 2014. The seedling survival rate of both species decreased as the level of nitrogen increased. This result can be explained by water stress caused by nitrogen fertilization in arid regions. The RCD growth rate of P. sibirica was significantly decreased by the treatment of high-level of nitrogen due to excessive nitrogen fertilization, and was increased by the treatment of ammonium sulfate due to sulfur which might promote nitrogen uptake. The leaf nitrogen concentration of P. sibirica did not change by the treatment of low-level of nitrogen, and was increased by the treatment of medium-level of nitrogen. There were no significant differences in the RCD growth rate and the leaf nitrogen concentration of U. pumila among the six treatments. None of soil chemical properties was affected by nitrogen fertilization. Overall, the low-level of nitrogen showed no effect on seedlings and soil chemical properties, except on survival rate of U. pumila and the high-level of nitrogen was considered excessive fertilization. Continuous monitoring of medium-level nitrogen fertilization including the ammonium sulfate, which increased early growth of seedlings, would be needed to elucidate the effect of fertilization on seedling growth and soil properties in a semi-arid region.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.384-392
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• 2000

토양중 질산태 질소 함량이 $14{\sim}225mg\;kg^{-1}$의 범위를 갖는 시설재배지 9개 토양에서 배추를 공시작물로 하여 무비구, 3요소 표준시비량의 50%구, 100%구 및 150%구의 4개 시비수준에서 포트재배로 수량반응, 비료효과 및 시비효율 등을 검토하였다. 무비구 배추 건물중과 토양의 질산태 질소 함량은 유의성 있는 정의 상관을 나타냈고 시비구와 무비구의 건물중, 질소흡수량 및 질산태 질소흡수량의 차이로 평가한 비료효과 및 시비효율과는 유의성 있는 부의 상관을 보였다. 질산태 질소함량에 따른 시비수준별 건물중 반응의 관계로부터 표준시비량이 적용되는 질산태 질소의 하한기준은 $50mg\;kg^{-1}$ 미만으로 추정되었고, 질산태질소 함량과 비료효과 및 시비효율과의 회귀관계로부터 평가된 무비 재배를 위한 질산태 질소 함량은 $200mg\;kg^{-1}$ 이상으로 추정되었다. 따라서 시설재배지 토양중 질산태 질소 함량 $50mg\;kg^{-1}$에서 $200mg\;kg^{-1}$ 범위는 질소 표준시비량에 대한 비율로서 추천식은 $Y=-0.6667{\chi}+133.33$ 이었다 (Y:질소 표준시비량에 대한 %, ${\chi}$: 시험전 토양의 $NO_3-Nmg\;kg^{-1}$).