• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2014

Fuel consumption rates of electric vehicles strongly depend on their battery performance. Because the battery performance is sensitive to the operating temperature, temperature management of the battery ensures its performance and durability. In particular, the temperature distribution among modules in the battery pack affects the cooling characteristics. This study focuses on the thermal modeling of a battery pack to observe the temperature distribution among the modules. The battery model is a prismatic model of 10 NiMH battery modules. The thermal model of the battery consists of heat generation, convective heat transfer through the channel and conduction heat transfer among modules. The heat generation is calculated by the electric resistance heat during the charge/discharge state. The model is used to determine a strategy for proper thermal management in Electric vehicles.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.24-28
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• 2006

Electrochemical hydrogenation/dehydrogenation properties were studied for a single particle of a Mm-based(Mm : misch metal) hydrogen storage alloy($MmNi_{3.55}Co_{0.75}Mn_{0.4}Al_{0.3}$) for the anode of Ni-MH batteries. A carbon fiber microelectrode was manipulated to make electrical contact with an alloy particle, and the cyclic voltammetry and the galvanostatic charge/discharge experiments were performed. A single particle of the alloy showed the discharge capacity of 280[mAh/g], the value being 90[%] of the theoretical capacity. Data were compared with that of the composite film consisting of the alloy particles and a polymer binder, which is more practical form for Ni-MH batteries. Additionally, pulverization of the alloy particles are directly observed. Compared with the conventional composite film electrodes, the single particle measurements using the microelectrode gave more detailed, true information about the hydrogen storage alloy.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.365-373
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• 2007

We optimized the compositions of electrolyte and additives for anode in Ni-MH battery to improve the electrode characteristics at ambient and low temperatures using response surface method(RSM). Among various additives for anode, PTFE exhibited the greatest influence on the discharge capacity of the anode. Through response optimization process, we found the optimum composition of the additives to exhibit the greatest discharge capacity. When the amount of additives was too small, the anode was degraded with time due to the low binding strength among alloy powders and the resultant separation of powders from the current collector. In contrast, the addition of large amount of the additives increased in the resistance of the electrode. In addition, the discharge capacity of the anode at $-18^{\circ}C$ increased with decreasing the concentration of KOH, NaOH and LiOH in design range of electrolyte. The resistance and viscosity of electrolyte appear to affect the discharge capacity of the anode at low temperature.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

In order to study on the effect of fabrication methods on the changes of hydrogenation properties of FeTi alloy, FeTi samples were prepared using three different methods, i.e., arc melting, mechanical alloying and combination of the two methods. The FeTi prepared by mechanical alloying represented amorphous structure. The hydrogen storage capacity of arc melted FeTi alloy is larger than any other samples. However, FeTi electrode fabricated by mechanical alloying after arc melting showed largest discharge capacity among them.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.58-59
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• 2011

본 논문은 전류에 따른 NiMH 배터리의 성능 변화를 충 방전 실험을 통하여 비교 분석하였다. 따라서 실험을 통하여 NiMH 배터리의 데이터시트에 있는 충 방전 특성곡선과 실제 실험을 통한 충 방전 특성곡선을 비교 분석한다. 또한 충 방전 전류의 크기에 따라 변하는 특성곡선의 차이를 비교 분석한다. 전류 변화에 의한 배터리 분석을 위해 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C 정전류 충 방전 실험과 동일한 C-rate로 펄스전류로 충 방전 실험을 하였다. 실험을 통해서 얻은 데이터로 1차 Randles 등가회로를 통해 C-rate변화와 잔존용량 변화에 의한 파라미터 분석과 잔존용량-개로전압 곡선에서의 충 방전 히스테리시스를 알아보았다.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 기존 HEV의 단점을 보완한 일정 엔진-발전기 출력/가변 전지 출력의 직렬형 HEV를 제안하고 직렬형 HEV 등가실험장치를 구성하였다. 제안된 연계운전방식은 엔진/발전기 출력을 일정하게 유지해서 전동기에서 요구하는 출력이 발전기를 출력보다 크면 전지에서 방전을 하고 전동기에서 요구하는 출력이 발전기 출력보다 작으면 전지에 충전을 하게된다. 내연기관 시뮬레이션과 로드 프로파일을 통한 실험결과로부터 적은 배기가스 방출량과 높은 에너지 효율을 갖는 직렬형 HEV 최적운전방식으로 이용될 수 있음을 증명하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.413-414
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 C-rate, 온도, SOC (State-of-Charge, 잔존용량)를 고려하여 NiMH 배터리를 모델링하였고, 시뮬레이션 결과를 배터리 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 제안한 배터리 모델은 1차 테브난 등가회로를 기반으로 구성하였으며 Matlab/Simulink 환경에서 구현하였다. 모델을 구현하기 위한 실험으로는 정전류, 펄스전류 실험을 하여 가변온도와 다양한 C-rate에서 변하는 파라미터를 도출하였고, 도출한 파라미터는 룩업 테이블을 이용하여 배터리 모델에 적용하였다. 제안된 배터리 모델을 짧은 시간동안 불규칙하게 변하는 전류 패턴에 대한 시뮬레이션과 실험 파형을 통하여 배터리 모델의 성능을 검증하였다.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.10
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• pp.1875-1880
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• 2011

This paper proposes a battery model applicable to Autonomie environment. Also, a various of experiment is implemented for validation. The proposed battery model modifies Randles equivalent circuit and battery parameters are extracted from pulsed current tests. The parameters are two-dimensional function of current and SOC(State of Charge). The battery model is developed in the Matlab/Simulink and is implemented for NiMH Panasonic HHR650D and compared with pulsed current discharge curves. The simulation results validate the accuracy of the proposed model and the model is also tested by adding it on Autonomie for HEV application. Constant current charge/discharge, pulsed current test that can be used to extract battery parameter are performed and test results are used to build up the proposed battery model for Autonomie.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.618-620
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 대기 오염 물질의 방출이 적고, 소음이 적은 환경 친화적인 Ni-MH전지를 독립형 태양광 가로등시스템에 적용하였으며 충방전제어기를 구성하여 출력특성을 고찰하였다. 출력특성을 고찰한 결과 충전 및 방전이 원활히 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 충전시 정전압 충전방식을 사용하였고 태양 전지 출력측에 MPPT제어가 이루어 지지 않은 탓으로 태양전지 이용률이 떨어지며 화창한 날 태양전지의 등가 발전시간은 약 6시간에서 7시간 정도 나오지만 축전지는 오전 중에 충전이 완료되고 오후발전량은 모두 버리게 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.112-122
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• 1995

Metal hydride alloys of TiFe based system have been produced by mechanical alloying(MA) method and their electrochemical characteristics have been evaluated for application for Ni/MH battery electrode. These alloys became amorphous after 36hrs ball milling and easily activated electrochemically. All MA amorphous alloys reached at the first charge/discharge cycle the maximum capacity which was 2-3 times higher than the crystalline state. But their cyclic lives were much inferior to the crystalline state. Alloying elements such as Ni, Co, Cr, Mo substituting Fe greatly improved the capacity and 180 mAh/g capacity was obtained in an alloy of TiFe_{0.6}Ni_{0.1}Co_{0.1}Cr_{0.1}Mo_{0.1}$.