• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.61-88
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• 2018

Myanmar has witnessed rapid economic growth in the 21st century. The cultural heritage of Myanmar (Burma) inherited from ancestors is law literature such as Dhammathat and Rajathat. Burma is a unique country in Southeast Asia in a sense that it already had a modern law system. For example, there has been a legal profession even in 12th century AD. According to Rajathat, lawyers were required to wear a uniform in court. Furthermore, lawyers and Judges participated in legal proceedings from the 15th century. As to the role of Dhammathat, there are conflicting views in the academic community. According to Professor Andrew Huxley, the profound literatures of Dhammathat had played an important role as a source of law in Burmese court in ancient times. Dhammathats have flourished in the struggle among the King, lawyers, and monks in old Burmese society. This customary law combined with Rajathat provided a guidance of legal proceedings in Burmese court, as well as village settlement. This traditional dispute resolution system reaches modern times in the form of Buddhist family law in Myanmar. Nowadays, the law system of Myanmar looks like a legal pluralism since the customary laws of Burma, as well as Shan and Arakan, are effective and co-exist with common law adopted at the colonial period. In recent times, Myanmar has enacted new arbitration laws (2016) in order to attract foreign direct investment.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1624-1626
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• 2004

On the 105th year of the Korean Railroad, Korea railroad is at the advent of the high speed operation with an commercial operation of KTX(Korea Train eXpress), the fifth high speed line in the world, between Pusan and Seoul at the speed of 300km/hr. In order to enhance nation competitiveness in $21^{st}$ century, Korea Railroad is faced with a task of improving the railroad network in the areas of new line constructions, betterment of existing rail lines, increasing the operation speed and transportation capacity and modernization of rolling stock fleet.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.6
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• pp.205-226
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• 2001

Under the pressure of competition and efficiency in the 21st century, many firms need to adapt the system of new labor relationship, labor management' innovation. In global economy and information time, country and company have become a business imperative core strategy. Industrial and Labor management culture is more innovation and sustain, development. Therefore, This paper review, the new era of 21st century of knowledged based information society, new labor management culture's shape and the possibility of strong corporate culture's impact. This study suggested several improvement ways of Labor Management. The directions of participation in decisions in labor relation as follows: A manager and employee cope with partnership each other, open management is to successfully operate. Then investment enlarge human resource development, career development, education & training's enforcement etc. Employee are creativity and innovation task centered interested in the working conditions. First of all, employee has to not only effort to productivity improvement, but also voluntarily capacity improvement. These changes are hot issues to employee as well as to manager. Also, Government role is very important. They provide to constructive infra and human resource management should be develop as well as supported to knowledge based employee in socially responsible management. Finally, new labor relations culture' practice can effort the growth to improve upgrading strategy the sound labor-manager.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.27-46
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• 2007

Through reinvestigations of early years of King Young-Joe provincial castles, Jeonju Eupsung, this study seeks to broaden the understanding of castle construction of the later period of Chosun Dynasty. Jeonju Eupsung was established by reform-minded king and his loyalist Cho, Hyun Myung. Their new conceptual framework for reconstruction of Jeonju Eupsung was affected by Yoo, Hyung Won, a realist scholar of 17th century. It is obvious that adopted new administrative systems of financing, building and maintaining of Jeonju Eupsung were based on the his theories of castle. This study demonstrates that Jeonju Eupsung built by Cho, Hyun Myung, during the early years of King Young-Joe were based on those new concepts and systems of the new age. The study shows that the designer of this castle had in mind efficient construction design and execution and effective defense of provincial towns located on flat ground. And, the study explains how those original designer sought higher productivity through greater localization of securing resources and more detailed and improved organization of construction responsibilities. In short, this study seeks to prove that the provincial castles of the early 18th century reflected the new thinking on practicality that was spreading throughout the society of Chosun Dynasty at the time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.162-178
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find aesthetic characteristics of Korean and Japanese women's traditional costumes in Modernization that happened in Korea and Japan during the late 19th century and the 20th century. The meaning of modernity has indefinite and comprehensive aspects, and the essence of modernity is found in searching for new changes. Modernization is the process of realizing modernity, and costume modernization can be discussed from the viewpoint of seeking new changes, functionality and popularization of costume. As Korean and Japanese costumes went through modernization, western costume became daily clothes of both two countries. The modernization of Korean and Japanese women's traditional costumes were achieved in the two directions. First, Korean and Japanese women's traditional costumes changed to search for functionality modeled of western costume. Korean costume went through dress reform movement and were generally simplified. Japanese costume made a change of wearing mode and introduced new garment like 'Hakama'. Second, the new style of traditional costume appeared. In Korea, 'Saenghwal Hanbox' was shown in the late 20c and in Japan, The reproduced dress(更生服)' and The women's standard dress(婦人標準服)' were shown in the late 1930's and the early 1940's. These kinds of new garment style were the more active compromise between the East and the West.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.511-522
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• 2001

Various art trends of the 20th century that contributed to the creation and development of abstract art had showed the transition from the convention of mere representation of the object to the formative sensitivity emphasizing self-expression. Noticing that such trends had influenced the fashion industry to move toward a free and individualized style, this study attempts to express the formative way from the existing art to wear, especially, based on early 20th century paintings, 5 casual wears were made which applied korean materials and silhouettes that are functional, sample and show traditional korea beauty. The purpose of this study is to search for a solution to expand the world market by producing dresses utilizing our own tradition that can be distinguished in the global market and that derive inspiration from the formative of the sensitivity of the paintings during the first half of the 20th century. It also aims to let national economy as a high-added industry. The result of this study are as follows: First, the expression method and element of various styles of art such as Fauvism, Expressionism and Cubism, during the period of transition to abstract art, clearly presented the direction toward the artistic liberation and made possible a new formative artistic expression of dress in the early years of the 20th century. Their ideas inspired the dress designers of the time with a reformative and creative sense of fashion and have greatly contributed to the development of a new era of uniqueness and individuality. Second, the color and the simplicity of form of the early 20th century paintings are suitable fro utilizing a motive of functional dresses and express unique and concise modern beauty. Third, it was confirmed that utilizing our tradition in contemporary dress can be a significant method of creation in which the uniqueness and creativity of Korean dress can be expressed, distinguishing it on the global scene, as well as inspire the originality and pride of our culture. Fourth, a possibility has been discovered. It is the functionality and uniqueness of aesthetic expression technique of the contemporary arts that can contribute to the fashion of tomorrow, by searching a modern fashion which was affected by the past and also by taking a look at the trend of modern fashion as the same field as casula wear.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2000

In the 1930s modernist approaches in graphic design and typography had emerged and were exported as Swiss Style or the International Typographic Style in the late 1950s. Basel's school of Design has played an important role in the further development of the style and acted as a bridge between modern typographic traditions and new technology. This school was one of the most influential design institutes during the past half-century. Leading practitioners at this school developed a new visual vocabulary which was a revolutionary precursor to a digital era. Those ideas were widely appropriated in the'70s and'80s, becoming one of the most profound influences on American New Wave. The influence has continued into the 1990s. The intent of this study is to inquire into the history of 20th-century modern typography in a social and aesthetic context.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.131-152
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze modern fashion culture in the 20th century through changes in transmedia in order to better understand characteristics of fashion contents. The study also strived to identify the characteristics of remediation in modern fashion and media by exploring the cultural code, and use it to establish an integrated view. The subjects and the method of the study are as follows. First, the study analyzed the development of transmedia and fashion culture since the 20th century. Second, it identified the transitional characteristics of transmedia. Third, the study analyzed the characteristics of remediation in modern fashion culture by using the characteristics of mediation, which appeared with the transitional characteristics of transmedia. The study results are as follows. First, the types of remediation are 'borrowing,' 'Representation,' 'Expansion,' 'Refashion,' and 'Absorb.' In old and new media, each type can be aesthetically experienced in 'transparency,' opaqueness,' 'Hypermediacy,' and 'Immediacy.' Second, fashion culture can undergo a transformation from its original form to a second and a third iteration, and this process allows for possibility of an expansion of multiple plots and well-rounded character settings. This opens up the possibility for fashion consumer participation, and signifies a transition into an environment where expansion of time and space is possible. The third finding is the non-mediation of fashion objects. The mediating relationship between clothes and media is directly connected to the development of new media. The immersion of new media by fashion consumers has the characteristics of 'transparency'/'Non-mediation,' and the reinterpretation and reproduction of original fashion styles have the characteristics of 'opaqueness'/'Hyper-mediation.' Fourth, fashion culture has data variability. Through 'Borrowing,' 'Representation,' 'Expansion,' 'Remodeling,' and 'Absorption,' the cultural hierarchy of reproduced fashion forms a multi-layered integrated network. Mediation code, which repurposes fashion culture contents, also creates new media fashion through transmedia.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.12
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• pp.7-37
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• 1985

In most of the modern libraries throughout the world, it is popular to adopt the author number which arranges the books or entries in alphabetical order of their author's names within the same ultimate class. However, viewed historically, that was the Western practice never used in the East before. Traditionally chronological order was followed in the East. Book number not only individualizes the books within the same class but also makes it easy for the user to choose and find out the relevant materials. In this respect, chronological book number is decidedly superior to all kinds of book number systems ever have been existed. Especially in these days of rapid obsolescence of documents and with serious problems of storage of documents, the chronological order seems to be the most modern and future-oriented of all other book number systems because it distinguishes clearly new materials from aged materials by the date of publication and controls the stack spaces mechanically and effectively. This writer devised New Chronological Book Numbers adaptable to both the Eastern and Western materials, and the system has been adopted at Yonsei University Library. The features of the system are as follows: (1) It is easy to type the call number in cataloging the Eastern and Western materials. That is because the structure of the chronological number is pure numerical notation by taking the last two figures of the year within twentieth century(e.g. 85 for AD 1985), that is 1900s, and the last three figures of the year from twenty-first century to thirtieth century, that is 2000s. (2) It does not make all classes have chronological number uniformly. Within the classes for individual biographies, genealogies and collections of biography of specific family, books about individual organization, individual literary and artistic works, philosophical works of the famous philosophers, books and its facsmile editions published before 1900, new editions, translations, commentaries, serials, chronological number is assigned to the author number as in the past. (3) It separates the Eastern materials from the Western materials and makes the typing easy in cataloging. That is because the subarrangement within the same chronological book number is made by the accession order which uses 'panjol-ponmun' or the characters of basic syllabic table of Korean alphabet in case of the Eastern materials and Roman alphabet in case of the Western materials.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.153-160
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• 2006

It is not too much to say that invention of image divided the 19th and 20th century. Rapidly developed, produced and played images have a stronger effect on human beings and society. Today, images have an influence on forming interpersonal relationships by means of consciousness and ideas of new dimension, creating new image relationship different from verbal relationship between people. Especially moving image(image) is unlike other images, an image has unique psychological characteristics of its on. An image stimulates all the five human senses as well as sight, is easer to access and perceive than other media, and unable to control image development passively in general but get absorbed unconsciously very quickly. On 21th century As we are exposed to image whether consciously or unconsciously everyday, consideration on current times driving human beings and social relationship in an abnormal way is needed. Furthermore, new view of image study suggest to new relation of image that is a key factor to recover humanity and functions of society.