• 제목/요약/키워드: New and known compounds

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실내건축 형태분석 방법에 관한 연구 -형산수부의 형태론과 F.L.라이트의 로비저 실내건축분석에의 적용- (A Study on the Morphological Method of Analyzing the Interior Architecture -Koyama Hisao's Morphology as applied to the Interior Architecture of Robile Residence by F.L. Wright)

  • 배정인
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제9호
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    • pp.67-76
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    • 1996
  • One of the most important thing in studying the form of the interior architecture is to set up the methodology of the morphological of the morphological analysis. This article tries to introduce one of such attempts namely, that of Dr. Hisao Koyama, professor of Tokyo University , by applying it to one of F.L. Wright's works, the Robie residence . Professor Koyama has outlined a new methodology of morphologically analyzing the interior architectures, by shifting his focus of analysis from the external conditions of a form, such as functional personal and social traits and traits of the time, to the internal conditions of the form as itself. The outcome of the analysis clearly shows that the Robie Residence , classically known by its horizontality, does have a coexisting factor of verticality. This implies that such a method is useful in revealing the aesthetic compounds of the interior architectures, this time that of F.L. Wright , in a more concrete way. Such an outcome can hopefully be applied to the practices of designing the interior architectures.

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Pharmacophore Identification for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Agonists

  • Sohn, Young-Sik;Lee, Yu-No;Park, Chan-In;Hwang, S-Wan;Kim, Song-Mi;Baek, A-Young;Son, Min-Ky;Suh, Jung-Keun;Kim, Hyong-Ha;Lee, Keun-Woo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.201-207
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    • 2011
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of nuclear receptors and their activation induces regulation of fatty acid storage and glucose metabolism. Therefore, the $PPAR\gamma$ is a major target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In order to generate pharmacophore model, 1080 known agonists database was constructed and a training set was selected. The Hypo7, selected from 10 hypotheses, contains four features: three hydrogen-bond acceptors (HBA) and one general hydrophobic (HY). This pharmacophore model was validated by using 862 test set compounds with a correlation coefficient of 0.903 between actual and estimated activity. Secondly, CatScramble method was used to verify the model. Hence, the validated Hypo7 was utilized for searching new lead compounds over 238,819 and 54,620 chemical structures in NCI and Maybridge database, respectively. Then the leads were selected by screening based on the pharmacophore model, predictive activity, and Lipinski's rules. Candidates were obtained and subsequently the binding affinities to $PPAR\gamma$ were investigated by the molecular docking simulations. Finally the best two compounds were presented and would be useful to treat type 2 diabetes.

Diversity and Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Tidal Flat Plants and their Antagonistic Effects on Oomycetous Plant Pathogens

  • Bibi, Fehmida;Yasir, Muhammad;Song, Geun-Cheol;Lee, Sang-Yeol;Chung, Young-Ryun
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.20-31
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    • 2012
  • Endophytic bacterial communities of tidal flat plants antagonistic to oomycete plant pathogens were studied by the isolation of 256 root colonizing endophytic bacteria from surface-disinfected root tissues of six plants ($Rosa$ $rugosa$, $Suaeda$ $maritima$, $Vitex$ $rotundifolia$, $Carex$ $scabrifolia$, $Glehnia$ $littoralis$ and $Elymus$ $mollis$) growing in a tidal flat area of Namhae Island, Korea. To understand the antagonistic potential, an $in$ $vitro$ antagonistic assay was performed to characterize and identify strains that were antagonistic to the oomycete plant pathogens $Phytophthora$ $capsici$ and $Pythium$ $ultimum$ from the total population. Nine percent of the total number of isolated bacteria exhibited in vitro inhibitory activity against target plant pathogenic oomycetes. Taxonomic and phylogenetic placement of the antagonistic bacteria was investigated by analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence analysis classified the antagonistic strains into four major classes of the domain bacteria ($Firmicutes$, ${\alpha}-Proteobacteria$, ${\gamma}-Proteobacteria$ and $Actinomycetes$) and 10 different genera. Further production of secondary metabolites, hydrolytic enzymes and plant growth promoting traits were determined for the putative new species of antagonistic endophytic bacteria. These new strains could not be identified as known species of ${\alpha}-Proteobacteria$, and so may represent novel bacterial taxa. The unexpected high antagonistic bacterial diversity associated with the tidal flat plants may be indicative of their importance in tidal flat plants as a promising source of novel antimicrobial compounds and biocontrol agents.

Dechlorination of Individual Congeners in Aroclor 1248 as Enhanced by Chlorobenzoates, Chlorophenols, and Chlorobenzenes

  • Kim, Jong-Seol;Cho, Young-Cheol;Frohnhoefer, Robert C.;Rhee, G-Yull
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제18권10호
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    • pp.1701-1708
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    • 2008
  • Previous investigations showed that three classes of haloaromatic compounds (HACs; chlorobenzoates, chlorophenols, and chlorobenzenes) enhanced the reductive dechlorination of Aroclor 1248, judging from the overall extent of reduction in CI atoms on the biphenyl. In the present study, we further investigated the kind of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners involved in the enhanced dechlorination by four isomers belonging to each class (2,3-, 2,5-, 2,3,5-, and 2,4,6-chlorobenzoates; 2,3-, 3,4-, 2,5-, and 2,3,6-chlorophenols; and 1,2-, 1,2,3-, 1,2,4-, and penta-chlorobenzenes). Although the PCB congeners involved in the enhanced dechlorination varied with the HACs, the enhancement primarily involved para-dechlorination of the same congeners (2,3,4'-, 2,3,4,2'-plus 2,3,6,4'-, 2,5,3',4'- plus 2,4,5,2',6'-, and 2,3,6,2',4'-chlorobiphenyls), regardless of the HACs. These congeners are known to have low threshold concentrations for dechlorination. To a lesser extent, the enhancement also involved meta dechlorination of certain congeners with high threshold concentrations. There was no or less accumulation of 2,4,4'- and 2,5,4'-chlorobiphenyls as final products under HAC amendment. Although the dechlorination products varied, the accumulation of ortho-substituted congeners, 2-, 2,2'-, and 2,6-chlorobiphenyls, was significantly higher with the HACs, indicating a more complete dechlorination of the highly chlorinated congeners. Therefore, the present results suggest that the enhanced dechlorination under HAC enrichment is carried out through multiple pathways, some of which may be universal, regardless of the kind of HACs, whereas others may be HAC-specific.

기주식물에 따른 꽃송이버섯의 Methyl orsellinate와 Sparassol의 함량 (The Quantities of Methyl Orsellinate and Sparassol of Sparassis latifolia by Host Plants)

  • 김민수;이경태;전성민;가강현
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.236-242
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    • 2013
  • 꽃송이버섯(Sparassis crispa)은 배양과정에서 항균물질인 sparassol, methyl orsellinate (ScI)와 methyl-dihydroxy-methoxy-methylbenzoate (ScII) 등의 화합물을 생산하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이 중 ScI와 ScII는 sparassol보다 높은 항균활성을 나타내는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 꽃송이버섯의 액체배양 시 균사체가 생산하는 항균 물질인 methy1 orsellinate와 sparassol을 분리하여 NMR과 ESI-MS 분석을 통해 그 구조를 동정하였으며, HPLC 분석을 통해 methy1 orsellinate와 sparassol의 retention time은 각각 15분과 31분임을 확인하였다. S. latifolia의 화합물 생산 양상은 크게 4가지로 대별되며, 균주에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 기주식물과의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 일본잎갈나무와 잣나무에서 분리된 균주는 서로 다른 생산 양상을 보인 반면, 소나무와 전나무에서 분리된 균주는 동일한 생산 양상을 나타냈다. 균체량과 화합물 생산량과의 상관관계는 나타나지 않았다. Methy1 orsellinate 생산량은 낙엽송에서 분리된 KFRI 645 균주가 0.170 mg/ml로 가장 높았으며, sparassol 생산량은 소나무에서 분리된 KFRI 747 균주가 0.004 mg/ml로 가장 높았다. 이러한 결과를 통해 꽃송이버섯 균주들의 methyl orsellinate와 sparassol의 생산 양상은 기주식물의 종류에 따라 다르다는 사실을 확인하였다.

Mn(III)-porphyrin 유도체의 합성과 그 광반응성 (The Syntheses of Mn(III) Porphyrin Derivatives and Its Photoreactivity)

  • 박용태;노상균;정재규
    • 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 1990
  • 광합성계를 모방한 인공물의 광분해기에는 광증감제, 전자공여체 및 전자수용체가 필요하다. 광합성계에서는 Mn-tetramer가 물의 산화를 담당하는 종이라는 것이 알려져 있으니 Mn 화합물의 반응성을 아는 것이 중요하다. 이 Mn-tetramer의 모델이 될 수 있는 지용성 및 수용성 Mn(III) porphyrin을 새로이 합성하였다. 지용성 Mn(III) porphyrin은 porphyrin 자체에 금속화하는 방법과 porphyrin 고리 자체를 합성 할 때 긴 탄소사슬을 넣는 방법을 이용하였다. 지용성이나 수용성 Mn(III) Porphyrin은 계면에서 거동이 다를 것으로 생각되기 때문에 그 합성에 의의가 있다고 하겠다. 이 합성된 Mn(III) porphyrin 유도체들은 아민이나 알코올이 존재하는데서 광환원된다는 사실을 알게 되었다. 이 사실은 광증감제와 더불어 이중으로 여기시킬 수 있다는 점에서 큰 의의가 있다.

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Two New Diphenylethylenes from Arundina graminifolia and Their Cytotoxicity

  • Li, Yin-Ke;Zhou, Bin;Ye, Yan-Qing;Du, Gang;Niu, De-Yun;Meng, Chun-Yang;Gao, Xue-Mei;Hu, Qiu-Fen
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제34권11호
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    • pp.3257-3260
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    • 2013
  • Two new diphenylethylenes, gramniphenols H and I (1 and 2), together with six known diphenylethylenes (3-8), were isolated from Arundina graminifolia. The structures of 1-8 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against five human tumor cell lines. Compound 1 showed cytotoxicity against PC3 cells with $IC_{50}$ value of 3.5 ${\mu}M$. Compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against NB4 and PC3 cells with $IC_{50}$ values of 3.6 and 3.8 ${\mu}M$, respectively.

분산 슈퍼컴퓨팅 기술에 기반한 신약재창출 시뮬레이션 사례 연구 (A Case Study of Drug Repositioning Simulation based on Distributed Supercomputing Technology)

  • 김직수;노승우;이민호;김서영;김상완;황순욱
    • 정보과학회 논문지
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 2015
  • 본 논문에서는 대규모의 계산 작업을 고성능으로 처리해야 하는 신약재창출 시뮬레이션 분야에 분산 슈퍼컴퓨팅 기술을 적용한 사례에 대해 논의하고자 한다. 신약재창출이란 기존에 알려진 약물의 새로운 적응증을 규명하는 것을 의미하며, 이러한 신약재창출은 비교적 짧은 수행시간을 갖는 대규모의 도킹(docking) 연산들을 고성능으로 처리해야한다는 점에서 Many-Task Computing (MTC) 성격을 지니고 있다. 이러한 MTC 응용들의 대표 사례로서 신약재창출 시뮬레이션을 분산 슈퍼컴퓨팅 환경 기반의 HTCaaS 시스템에 적용하였으며, 이를 통해 효율적인 작업 배포, 동적인 자원 할당 및 로드 밸런싱, 안정성 및 다양한 자원들의 효율적인 통합 등이 이러한 과학 응용들을 지원하는 데 있어 필수적인 기능임을 확인할 수 있었다.

해양퇴적물내 다환방향족탄화수소 분석을 위한 표준작업절차서 제안 (Proposal of Standard Method for the Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Marine Sediments)

  • 이효진;김기범;최윤석
    • 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.163-175
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    • 2011
  • 현재 국내의 수많은 연구기관과 대학에서 다양한 화학분석법과 기기를 이용하여 다환방향족탄화수소(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)자료를 산출해 내고 있으나, 자료에 대한 엄격한 정도관리가 이루어지지 않은 관계로 자료를 산출한 상대 기관에 대한 신뢰가 부족하고, 농도에 대한 절대 비교가 불가능한 경우가 많았다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 최신의 분석방법으로 국내외학술지 및 연구보고서에 게재되어진 20여 편의 참고문헌으로부터 보편적으로 받아들여지는 분석방법과 자료질을 조사하여 이를 반영한 표준작업 절차서를 제시하였다. 이 절차서에 따라 표준물질 첨가법으로 회수율을 검정하였을 때 좋은 회수율 값을 보여주었다. 또한 PAHs 분석하고 있는 기존의 연구 기관들의 경우 굳이 실험법을 바꾸지 않더라도 표준시료의 사용 등 환경정도관리를 통해 산출되어진 자료가 신뢰성을 획득할 수 있는 방안을 절차서 내에 포함하였다.

희렴 추출물의 Heme Oxygenase-1 발현을 통한 생쥐 해마 유래 HT22 세포 보호효과 (Involvement of Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction in the Neuroprotective Activitiy of Extract of Siegesbeckia Herba in Murine Hippocampal HT22 Cells)

  • 임남경;이동성;여선정;김윤철;정길생
    • 생약학회지
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    • 제43권4호
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    • pp.316-322
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    • 2012
  • Siegesbeckia Herba is known to have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-tumor. The objective of this study is to explore the neuroprotective effect of Siegesbeckia Herba against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. Siegesbeckia Herba 70% ethanol extract and solvent fractions have the potent neroprotective effects on glutamate-induced nerotoxicity by induced the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in the mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. Especially, ethyl acetate fraction showed higher protective effect. In HT22 cell, Siegesbeckia Herba ethyl acetate fraction makes the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2. Further, we found that treatment with c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor (SP600125) reduced Siegesbeckia Herba ethyl acetate fraction induced HO-1 expression and Siegesbeckia Herba ethyl acetate fraction also increased JNK phosphorylation. In conclusion, the ethyl acetate fraction of 70% ethanol extract of Siegesbeckia Herba significantly protect glutamate-induced oxidative damage by induction of HO-1 via Nrf2 and JNK pathway in mouse hippocampal HT22. Taken together these finding suggest that Siegesbeckia Herba ethyl acetate fraction good source for taking active compounds and may be a potential therapeutic for brain disorder by targeting the oxidative stress of neuronal cell.