• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.27.1-27.13
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• 2022

Little is known of the lung cellular immunophenotypes in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD). Flow-cytometric analyses for the major myeloid and lymphoid cell subsets were performed in less- and more-diseased areas of surgically resected lungs from six patients with NTM-LD and two with Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung disease (PsA-LD). Lymphocytes, comprised mainly of NK cells, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, and B cells, accounted for ~60% of all leukocytes, with greater prevalence of T and B cells in more-diseased areas. In contrast, fewer neutrophils were found with decreased number in more-diseased areas. Compared to NTM-LD, lung tissues from patients with PsA-LD demonstrated relatively lower numbers of T and B lymphocytes but similar numbers of NK cells. While this study demonstrated a large influx of lymphocytes into the lungs of patients with chronic NTM-LD, further analyses of their phenotypes are necessary to determine the significance of these findings.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.647-655
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• 1996

To establish the effective ways to prevent bovine mastitis, the study has been performed to investigate the attributable factors causing down-regulation of immune responses in mammary gland of non-lactating cows. Lymphocytes from peripheral blood and mammary gland secretions(MGS) were obtained from normal healthy cows and mastitic cows, respectively. Lymphoblastogenesis were investigated carefully by adding different concentrations of supernatants collected from pure-cultures of neutrophils seperated from peripheral blood and MGS, respectively. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. Lymphoblastogenesis activity stimulated by Con A, PWM and PHA were significantly reduced in MGS from mastitic cows. 2. Supernatants collected from pure-culture of neutrophils separated both from peripheral blood and MGS showed inhibitory effect on mitogenic lymphoblastogenesis. 3. Supernatants from mammary gland neutrophils have shown 7 times more inhibitory activity than those from peripheral blood and this inhibitory effect was increased in proportion to increasing concentrations of supernatants when those were added to lymphoblast cells in culture.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-32
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• 2006

In order to indentify the effect of Astragali Radix(A.R) on cyclophosphamide(C.Y) induced leukopenia, A.R. extracts(EAR) were treated to mice orally, and blood sampling was done by periods. For the in vivo experiments, mice were divided into 4 groups, which treated EAR before, or after C.Y injection, or both, or none. Rapid normalization in the peripheral blood count of WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, RBC, and platelets observed in every EAR treated group regardless of the treatment periods of EAR. These studies suggest that, A.R. premedication can be effective in protection of bone marrow suppression during anticancer therapy.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.4.1-4.16
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• 2019

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding RNAs of more than 200 nucleotides in length. Despite the term "noncoding", lncRNAs have been reported to be involved in gene expression. Accumulating evidence suggests that lncRNAs play crucial roles in the regulation of immune system and the development of autoimmunity. lncRNAs are expressed in various immune cells including T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and NK cells, and are also involved in the differentiation and activation of these immune cells. Here, we review recent studies on the role of lncRNAs in immune regulation and the differential expression of lncRNAs in various autoimmune diseases.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2008

Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is an endogenous phospholipid. LPC has various stimulating or modulating activities on immune cells, including lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. Studies generally revealed pro-inflammatory activities of LPC, but accumulating evidence indicates that LPC has also anti-inflammatory actions. Here we summarize immunomodulatory actions of LPC.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 1990

This study was based on 3 necropsies of patients affected with Balantidium coli dysentery from two pig farms. Grossly, the lesions involved the large intestine from cecum to rectum. Many variable-sized ulcers were diffusely scattered on the mucosa of the cecum and the colon which were covered with a necrotic, grayish white, slate black, or black membrane. The mucosa affected reddened and swollen. Microscopically, numerous balantidia penetrated In the mucosa of the colon and there they induced necrosis and desquamation of the epithelial cells, where inflammatory cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells were infiltrated.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.1174-1182
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional status and the immunocompetence of elderly women residing in urban and rural areas. Dietary food records and anthropometric measurements were used to evaluate the nutritional status of subjects. The immune function of subjects was assessed by total and differential white blood cell(WBC) counts. Total B and T Lymphocytes, and T cell subsets were quantified by flow-cytometer. Immunoglobulin G, A, and M concentrations were also measured as an index of humoral immunity. Elderly women in rural area showed a relatively lower dietary intake of total energy, protein, and iron than did urban elderly women. Total WBC, neutrophil counts, eosinophil counts, and the percentage of neutrophils among total leukocytes were significantly higher in urban elderly women than in rural women. Although the numbers of lymphocytes were not significantly different, the percentage of Lymphocytes among total leukocytes as greater in rural elderly women than in urban. Both groups did not show any significant differences in numbers of T cell subsets and NK cells. Immunoglobulin G, A, and M levels were not significantly different between the two groups, but the numbers of subjects placed under the deficient range of immunoglobulins were greater in rural than in urban elderly women. from the present study, it could be suggested that poor nutritional intake may selectively affect the number of immune cells, thereby influencing the immunocompetence of elderly women. (Korean J Nutrition 31(7) 1174-1182, 1998)

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1995

Classification of peripheral leucocytes in Korean catfish (Silurus asotus) were performed. The leucocytes were classified on the basis of their morphological, cytochemieal and phagocytic characteristics. Four types of leucocytes were observed in the peripheral blood. Neutrophils were round and 12 - $15{\mu}m$ in diameter with round, oval or 2 - 3 segmented neuclei. Their cytoplam was stained whitish or grey. Lymphocytes were round and 5.5 - $8{\mu}m$ in diameter with large round neuclei which occupied most of the cells. Monocytes were round or irregular cells and 12 - $15{\mu}m$ in diameter with bean - shaped or irreular neuclei. Thrombocytes were oval or spindle - shaped cells with oval or spindle - neucle. The cells with greyish cytoplasm ranged 7.2 to $14.4{\mu}m$ in length and 5.8 to $7.2{\mu}m$ in width. Only neutrophils showed positive reaction in peroxidase and PAS. Neutrophils and monocytes showed active phagocytosis. As the results it is concluded that peripheral leucocytes of Koran catfish could be classified as lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and thrombocytes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.752-759
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• 1994

It is accepted that colostral macrophages have protective effects on gastrointestinal tract of the neonates. Macrophages act as a major defensive cells in colostrum and serve as a main source of colostral prostaglandins which are known to exert cytoprotection for gastrointestinal tract of neonates against infectious agents and drugs such as aspirin. This study was conducted to evaluate the total cell numbers and differential counts for macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in colostrum of Korean mothers. To compare the level of PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1$\alpha$, and TXB2 between colostrum and serum of postpartum mothers, radioimmunoassay adopting eicosanoids-antibody complex method was applied instead of charcoal method. The results were as follows : 1) Total defensive cell count was 7.6$\pm$2,37$\times$106 cells/ml, differential counts of macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes were 57.49$\pm$4.14%, 37.98$\pm$4.43% and 4.29$\pm$0.73% respectively. 2) The order of prostaglandin level in colostrum which are known to enhance development and cytoprotection of gastrointestinal tract, was 6-keto-PGF1$\alpha$, TXB2 and PGE2. Colostral PGE2 level was 584.6$\pm$72.3 pg/ml, higher than that of serum(p<0.01). 6-keto-PGF1$\alpha$, the most abundant prostaglandin in colostrum was higher than in serum level, too (p<0.01). Serum TXB2 level of postpartum mothers(n=42) was higher nine times than that of colostrum(p<0.01), which seems to cause vasoconstriction of uterus in postpartum period. 3) In preterm mothers, serum level of TXB2 level in both groups.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.22 no.2 s.57
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• pp.147-156
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• 2007

Six week-old ICR mice were divided into four groups including NC, RC, RR and RS, then they were injected with sun ginseng (RS), red ginseng (RR) and saline (RC) intraperitoneally as an amount of 60mg/kg body weight at 1 hour, 12 hours and 36 hours before the whole body irradiation with 6.5Gy of X-ray. And the mice were sacrificed at nine days after the irradiation. The RS group were significant increase in the weight of spleen (p<0.05) and the numbers of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.001) and WBC (p<0.05) especially neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes in comparison with the RC group. The RR group were significant increase in the numbers of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.01) and WBC (p<0.05) especially neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils in comparison with the RC group. The RS group exhibited a more increase in the weight of spleen and the number of endogenous spleen colony than the RR group. The values of ALT (alanine transaminase) and AST (aspartate transaminase) were significantly elevated (p<0.05) by radiation and they were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the RS group to the values of the NC group. The value of TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) was significantly elevated (p<0.01) by radiation and it was significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the RS group. And the values of SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) were significantly increased (p<0.05) in the RS group in comparison with the RC group. Taken together the above results, sun ginseng demonstrated the protective effects on hepatocytes and immune and hematopoietic cells in mice exposed to medium dose of irradiation, and those radioprotective effects were a little higher or similar to the red ginseng.