• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.102-106
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• 2007

위에 발생하는 유암종(carcinoid tumor)은 위저부에 있는 장크롬친화 유사 세포(enterochromaffine-like cell)의 증식에 의해 발생하는 종양이다. 위유암종은 모든 위 신생물의 2% 이내로 드문 질환이나 최근 발생률이 증가하고 있다고 한다. 저자들은 다발성 용종의 형태로 발현된 위유암종을 1예 경험한 바 있어 이를 보고하는 바이다. 29세 여자가 3년 전 실신을 주소로 외부병원을 방문하여 시행한 혈액검사 상 혈색소 6.0 g/dl로 측정되었다. 위내시경 상 출혈을 동반한 용종성 병변이 관찰되었고, 내시경적 결찰술로 지혈하였다. 당시 시행한 병리조직 검사 상 유암종으로 진단되었다. 추적 관찰 중 용종성 병변의 출혈로 인한 철결핍성 빈혈이 계속되어 본원으로 전원되었다. 위내시경 상 중체부에서 분문부에 걸쳐 20개 이상의 크기가 다양한 용종성 병변들이 관찰되었다. 혈색소 수치는 9.0 g/dl이었다. 출혈을 동반한 다발성 용종성 위유암종 진단 하에 위전절제술을 시행하였다. 조직검사 결과 위유암종으로 진단되었고 림프절 전이는 없었다. 수술 18개월 후 혈색소 12.8 g/dl로 측정되었고 복부 초음파 상 재발 소견은 없었다. 본 증례와 같이 위에 다발성으로 발생한 용종 형태의 유암종이 지속적인 출혈을 동반하여 만성적인 빈혈을 유발하는 경우 적극적인 수술적 치료를 고려해야 한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.903-907
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• 2015

Background: Among human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, more than half are also hormone receptor (HR)-positive. Although HR is a predictive factor for the efficacy of hormone therapy, there are still some uncertainties in regard to the effects on patients with HR-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancers due to the potential resistance to hormone therapy caused by co-expression of HR and HER2. There are no clinical trials directly comparing the efficacy of hormonal therapy with chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: To examine the real-world effect of hormone therapy on patients with HR-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancers, a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the Chinese population was conducted. The study included 113 patients who received first-line and second-line palliative treatment between 2005 and 2010 in the Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science. The effect of hormone therapy on overall survival (OS) was studied. Results: The patients who received hormone therapy (n=51) had better overall survival in contrast to those who received chemotherapy with anti-HER2 therapy (n=62) in first- or second-line treatment. The difference was of borderline statistical significance (51.8m vs 31.9m, p=0.065). In addition, the effect of hormone therapy did not differ significantly with other prognostic factors, including age (${\leq}50$ years or >50 years), disease free survival (${\geq}2$ years or < 2 years) and site of metastasis (visceral or bone/soft tissue). On multivariate analysis, administration of hormone therapy was associated with a trend toward a favorable prognosis (p=0.148, HR=0.693, 95%CI 0.422-1.139). Age more than 50 years was the sole independent harmful prognostic factor (p<0.001, HR=2.797, 95%CI 1.676-4.668). Conclusions: Our data suggest that hormonel therapy may improve outcomes of the patients with ER-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2019

Purpose: To investigate the patterns of recurrence in patients with neuroblastoma treated with radiation therapy to the primary tumor site. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with high-risk neuroblastoma managed with definitive treatment with radiation therapy to the primary tumor site between January 2003 and June 2017. These patients underwent three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy or intensity-modulated radiation therapy. A total of 14-36 Gy was delivered to the planning target volume, which included the primary tumor bed and the selected metastatic site. The disease stage was determined according to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS). We evaluated the recurrence pattern (i.e., local or systemic), progression-free survival, and overall survival. Results: A total of 40 patients with high-risk neuroblastoma were included in this study. The median patient age was 4 years (range, 1 to 11 years). Thirty patients (75%) had INSS stage 4 neuroblastoma. At the median follow-up of 58 months, there were 6 cases of local recurrence and 10 cases of systemic recurrence. Among the 6 local failure cases, 4 relapsed adjacent to the radiation field. The other 2 relapsed in the radiation field (i.e., para-aortic and retroperitoneal areas). The main sites of distant metastasis were the bone, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. The 5-year progression-free survival was 70.9% and the 5-year overall survival was 74.3%. Conclusion: Radiation therapy directed at the primary tumor site provides good local control. It seems to be adequate for disease control in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma after chemotherapy and surgical resection.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.213-220
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• 1997

Background: Thyroid cancer is a relatively rare neoplasm and its incidence varies geographically and ethnically around the world. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, but it has a wide spectrum of biologic behavior, histologic appearance, and management. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyse and evaluate all aspects of the clinical consideration in thyroid cancer. Method: Between 1986 and 1995, a retrospective analysis of 77 thyrod cancer patients admitted at the Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University was made to assess clinical entities. Result: By the pathological classification, the papillary carcinoma was the most common type(83.1%). Male to female ratio was 1 : 5.4 and most prevalent age group was noted from fourth decade to fifth decade(46.8%). The most common duration of illness between the appearance of the symptoms and the treatment was below 6 months(44.2%), and the most common symptom was the palpable mass at the anterior portion of the neck(96.1%). Most cases of the thyroid cancer were appeared as cold nodule in the $^{99m}$Tc-thyroid scan(95.7%). In the site of tumor location, the right and left lobe was distributed similarly. In the extent of tumor, incidence of intrathyroidal location was 41.6%, and that of the metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes was 44.2% and that of the direct capsular invasion was 27.3%, and incidence of both involved case was 13%. Surgical procedures were total thyroidectomy alone in 27 cases(35.1%) or with modified neck dissection in 6 cases(7.8%), or with radical neck dissection in 2 cases (2.6%), near total thyroidectomy alone in 22 cases(28.6%), ipsilateral lobectomy with isthmectomy alone in 12 cases(15.6%) or with modified neck dissection in 1 case(1.3%), and biopsy only in 7 cases(9.1%). The most common postoperative complications were transient hypoparathyroidism(5.2%) and transient unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis(5.2%). Conclusion: The major problem of management of thyroid cancer include a wide spectrum of clinical behaviour of this tumor entity, the lack of reliable prognostic factors and lack of an objective assessment of the various treatment modalities. But because of showing the favorable prognosis for most thyroid cancer, appropriate and aggressive management should be recommended.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.551-555
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• 2005

혈관주위세포종은 혈관주위세포에 발생하는 드문 종양으로 폐나 뼈로의 전이가 가능하다. 저자들은 좌측 서혜부에서 원발하여 완치판정 5년 후에 원발 부위의 재발 없이 폐로 전이된 혈관주위세포종 1례를 경험하였기에 임상적 증상, 방사선 소견, 병리학적 소견들을 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2012

Background: The survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases is reported to be 3~6 months even with aggressive treatment. Some patients have very short survival after aggressive treatment and reliable prognostic scoring systems for patients with cancer have a strong correlation with outcome, often supporting decision making and treatment recommendations. Methods: A total of one hundred twenty two NSCLC patients with brain metastases who received gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) were analyzed. Survival analysis was calculated in all patients for thirteen available prognostic factors and four prognostic scoring systems: score index for radiosurgery (SIR), recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), graded prognostic assessment (GPA), and basic score for brain metastases (BSBM). Results: Age, Karnofsky performance status, largest brain lesion volume, systemic chemotherapy, primary tumor control, and medication of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor were statistically independent prognostic factors for survival. A multivariate model of SIR and RPA identified significant differences between each group of scores. We found that three-tiered indices such as SIR and RPA are more useful than four-tiered scoring systems (GPA and BSBM). Conclusion: There is little value of RPA class III (most unfavorable group) for the same results of 6-month and 1-year survival rate. Thus, SIR is the most useful index to sort out patients with poorer prognosis. Further prospective trials should be performed to develop a new molecular- and gene-based prognostic index model.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권4호
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• pp.368-376
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• 2017

Background: A ground-glass nodule (GGN) represents early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. However, there is still no consensus for preoperative staging of GGNs. Therefore, we evaluated the need for the routine use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scans and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during staging. Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken in 72 patients with 74 GGNs of less than 3 cm in diameter, which were confirmed via surgery as malignancy, at the Samsung Medical Center between May 2010 and December 2011. Results: The median age of the patients was 59 years. The median GGN diameter was 18 mm. Pure and part-solid GGNs were identified in 35 (47.3%) and 39 (52.7%) cases, respectively. No mediastinal or distant metastasis was observed in these patients. In preoperative staging, all of the 74 GGNs were categorized as stage IA via chest CT scans. Additional PET/CT scans and brain MRIs classified 71 GGNs as stage IA, one as stage IIIA, and two as stage IV. However, surgery and additional diagnostic work-ups for abnormal findings from PET/CT scans classified 70 GGNs as stage IA, three as stage IB, and one as stage IIA. The chest CT scans did not differ from the combined modality of PET/CT scans and brain MRIs for the determination of the overall stage (94.6% vs. 90.5%; kappa value, 0.712). Conclusion: PET/CT scans in combination with brain MRIs have no additional benefit for the staging of patients with GGN lung adenocarcinoma before surgery.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2002

저자들은 53세 남자환자에서 조직학적, 면역학적으로 악성 섬유조직구종의 형태를 가진 원발성 폐육종 1예를 경험하였기에 이를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.277-286
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• 1997

저자들은 1988년부터 1996년까지 중앙대학교 부속병원에서 수술적으로 치료한 47례의 타액선 종양환자를 대상으로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 호발연령은 50대에서 가장 높았으며 악성종양의 경우 양성종양보다 호발연령이 높았다. 2) 여자에서 남자보다 호발하며 그 비율은 1.5;1 이었다. 3) 발생부위는 이하선이 가장 많아 48.9% 였으며, 악하선, 소타액선의 순이었으며 소타액선 종양은 구개에서 가장 많이 발생하였다. 4) 악성의 빈도는 소타액선에서 발생한 경우가 가장 높았으며, 악하선, 이하선 순이었다. 5) 가장 많은 증상은 무통성의 종물이었다. 6) 세침흡인 세포검사의 진단적 정밀도는 88.9% 였다. 7) 가장 흔한 타액선종양은 혼합종으로 전체의 57.4 %였다. 8) 악성종양 중 경부임파절 전이율은 22.2%였다. 9) 수술적 치료후 합병증의 발생률은 19.1% 였으며 일시적 안면신경마비가 가장 많았다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.924-929
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• 2001

배경 : 흉벽을 침습한 비소세포암의 외과적 절제후의 장기 생존율에는 현재까지 림프절 전이, 완전 절제, 흉벽침습 깊이 등이 관여한다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 완전절제후의 예후에 관련된 요소들에 대해 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 1988년부터 1998년까지 원발성 비소세포암으로 수술을 받은 680명중, 벽측늑막과 흉벽을 침범한 경우에 완전절제를 실시한 55예(8.0%)에 대해 후향적 방법을 통해 분석하였다. 결과 : 29예(47.3%)에서 총괄절제를 시행하고 26예(52.7%)에서 늑막외절제를 실시하였다. 늑막외절제를 시행한 모든 예에서 침습정도는 벽측늑막에 국한되어 있었고, 총괄절제군에서는 9예(31.0%)에서 벽측늑막에 나머지 20예(69.0%)에서는 흉벽에의 침습이 병리학적으로 판명되었다. 수술사망은 3명에서 발생해 5.4%였으며, 추적은 100%에서 가능하였다. 전체환자군의 5년 생존율은 26%였으며, T3N0M0군의 생존율이 29%로 T3N2M0군의 18% 보다 높기는 하나 통계학적인 유의성은 없었다.(p=0.35) 흉벽침습 깊이정도에 따른 생존율은 림프절 전이의 유무에 관련없이 유의한 차이가 없었다.(p=0.99) 결론 : 흉벽을 침습한 T3 비소세포암에 대해 완전절제를 실시해 만족할 만한 생존율을 보였다. 림프절 전이 여부는 완전절제후의 생존율에 관여하는 바가 크나, 침습 깊이는 관여하는 정도가 덜하다.