• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.69-76
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual condition of real certification schools of environment-friendly architecture per ecological environment elements through extracting ecological environment elements which is possible to analyze in quantity certification standards of environment friendly architecture. As the method of this study, firstly, certification as an examination on certification system of environment-friendly architecture, summary of certification system of environment-friendly architecture and eco-school pilot model project, ecological environment elements which is possible for quantitative analysis of ecological environment certification standards were extracted. Secondly, actual condition of ecological environment elements per school grade by collecting actual data of certification schools environment-friendly architecture were analyzed. The average of ecological area ratio was 23.3 percent in case of this certification regardless of school grade and region and it was analyzed that the natural based green area ratio was 20.6 percent, bio-tope area ratio was 0.73 percent and ecological learning places area ratio was 0.43 percent.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2001

This is a study on how to create an ecological arboretum that would promote biodiversity by creating wild animal habitats in terms of using large-scale remnants in urban areas and that would serve as a field for environment education based on its locational feature of being an urban area and its accessibility. This study is significant in a sense that this is the first arboretum to be created in urban area. However, it has a couple of limitations and they are as follows. First, since an arboretum creation plan is a mid/long-term plan, it is difficult to verify the biodiversity promotion effect of the application of habitats and creation techniques. Second, as the space was created by considering ecological features and utilizing natural prototype, the diversity of forest trees in here is lower than that of a traditional arboretum.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.70-82
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• 2016

The playgrounds installed in the city try a variety of changes in play equipment more than traditional playgrounds, these playgrounds with formal rides are still different from nature friendly playground. For this reason, when in 2014 the department of environment pushed forward 'Aitteulag' project constructing ecological playground, the department aimed to provide the natural ecological spaces that are insufficient in the city and act as play space for children, leisure and community space for residents. Therefore, after inspecting 10 ecological playgrounds in Europe and Japan, in this study we suggested the construction guidelines of ideal ecological playground by comparing and analyzing these cases. We checked the environment-friendliness of these playgrounds in the 2 fields (playground component, ecological program) based on the ecological playground guidelines presented by the ministry of environment. The playground components are classified as siting location, spatial configurations, natural elements, play area, amusement facilities, play materials, open spaces, additional facilities. The ecological programs are divided into habitat, species, natural material, five senses. The following is the summary of the results about the reflection of eco-friendly planning factors. In terms of "habitat": bush and shade wood were highest at 95%. In terms of "species": local indigene(100%) and habitat for insects(95%) were higher than others. In terms of "natural material": wood(61.1%) was the highest. In terms of "details of wood(61.1%)": wood fence (95%), exploring wood and using sticks(85%) were higher than others. In terms of "five senses": hearing (32.1%), tactile(26.4%), and visual(23.9%) were in order. Therefore, on the basis of these results, this study proposed the planning factors that should be considered and complemented more in the construction of domestic urban ecological playground in future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.15-27
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• 2022

Climate change is considered a severe global problem closely related to carbon storage. However, recent urbanization and land-use changes reduce carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems. Recently, the role of protected areas has been emphasized as a countermeasure to the climate change, and protected areas allow the area to continue to serve as a carbon sink due to legal restrictions. This study attempted to expand the scope of these protected areas to an evaluation-based environmental spatial information theme map. In this study, the area of each grade was compared, and the distribution of land cover for each grade was analyzed using the Ecological and Nature Map, Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map and Urban Ecological Map of Sejong Special Self-Governing City. Based on this, the average carbon storage for each grade was derived using the InVEST Carbon model. As a result of the analysis, the high-grade area of the environmental spatial information generally showed a wide area of the natural area represented by the forest area, and accordingly, the carbon storage amount was evaluated to be high. However, there are differences in the purpose of production, evaluation items, and evaluation methods between each environmental spatial information, there are differences in area, land cover, and carbon storage. Through this study, environmental spatial information based on the evaluation map can be used for land use management in the carbon aspect, and it is expected that a management plan for each grade suitable for the characteristics of each environmental spatial information is required.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.87-101
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• 2010

This research has a significance on providing basic material of landscape ecological planning and open space planning of the future site by selecting Sinseo innovative city area, large residential land development district in rural area, by classifying biotope types and implementing recreational value assessment in the level of area. First of all, as a result of classification of biotope types in research site, total 11 biotope type groups including stream biotope and its subordinate 51 biotope types. Also, as a result of the first value assessment of classified biotopes, there are total 5 types such as vegetation-full natural river, fallow ground in I grade. In addition, it is analyzed that grade II have 18 types, III are 10, IV are 12, the least valuable V are 6. Especially, grassland biotope(GD) was classified into grade II, which is one grade raised, because it is analyzed that it has high value in terms of normal access and availability although it was assessed as grade ill in terms of natural experience quality. Lastly, as a result of the second assessment, special areas for natural experience and recreation(1a, 1b) are 15, areas for natural experience and recreation(2a, 2b, 2c) are 47. Especially, the 52th drawing mark space was grade II in the first assessment but its value grade was upgraded because of its high value in terms of use evidence, size of the area, accessibility with housing area, history and cultural character and so on.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 1993

The importance of urban and regional natural park increases because of the needs for preserving the natural resources and providing with natural recreation space in nature. This planning of natural park management should be established based on the research of the various natural resources in the park. But for the lack of effective data synthesizing methods and concepts, only some restricted factors for zoning plan are considered even though GIS computer system for large complex simulation is used. Therefore, in this study three ecological zoning models such as Basic Factor Model (BFM), Visual Landscape Model (VLM) and Comprehensive Ecological Model (CEM) are proposed and applied to Byounsan Peninsula Nature Park(BPNP) for comparison with the current natural park zoning. The BFM has three components -elevation, slope and vegetation. The VLM has applied with six components -elevation, slope, vegetation, road type, and the visual distance. Finally the CEM's modelling factors have included all of BFM, VLM components are added with the land use type, nature and historic resource factors. The zoning concept of BPNP was based on "Minimization" focused on the specific factors. But introduced modelling concept is "Optimization" based on the total ecological environment. So the result of the modelling has larger area for preservation and development zoning compared with the current zoning whose characteristics are ambiguous which allows the environmental destruction. The future study issues will be the determination of the weighting factor, component reconsideration based on the ground truth data and the agriculture residential area zoning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.535-546
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• 2011

The study area investigated in this research is Hwaseong city, Gyeonggi-Do where small scale development is currently in progress. For the last three years, we carried out the environmental and ecological assessment by using data from The Ministry of Environment and Han River Basin Environmental Office. Most of development works in Hwaseong city, Gyeonggi-Do are small scale developments which are related with factory and distribution complex based on individual laws and regulations. However, environmental and ecological assessment is not being sufficiently reflected beforehand. Especially, because the development takes place mainly in the outskirts of the city, the fine forest is continuously being damaged. We analyzed changes in green zone area caused by the developments. As a result, the percentage of original green zone was decreasing while the percentage of artificial green zone was increasing. We should maintain the percentage of the original green zone in order to conserve natural environment. In the past three years, the damage of the DGN (Degree of Green Naturality) 7 area that has high conservative value was little, but, there was serious damage in the area of DGN 6. In order to conserve natural environment, political and institutional investigation should be seriously carried out for mitigation of environmental and ecological damages.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.23-40
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• 2013

The natural environment restoration industry has been newly included in the environment area of engineering technology. Accordingly, the enactment of a standard of estimate for determining the 'Cost plus Fixed Fee' method has become necessary for the implementation and vitalization of natural environment restoration projects. The purpose of this study is to determine the standards for which the prices for engineering projects are calculated with respect to the enactment of an engineering project standard of estimate in the natural environment restoration field. These include the scope of the technological work, standard area, manpower requirements by technical grade that are necessary for carrying out the technological tasks. Relevant laws and regulations, systems and precedent case studies were investigated and analyzed to establish a price calculation standard. The overall results of the analysis were used and applied to questionnaires, public hearings, and expert delphi techniques. The study showed the following results： The scope of the technological work was categorized into 'Biotopes', 'Eco-corridors' and 'Ecological restoration'. The standard area was set up as $1,000m^2$ for 'Biotopes' and $5,000m^2$ for 'Eco-corridors' and 'Ecological restoration'. The manpower requirements by technical grade that are necessary for carrying out the technological tasks were determined. The suitability of the costs, standard area, manpower requirements by technical grade of ordered engineering projects that are determined by applying the standard of estimate for natural environment restoration that may be enacted pursuant to this study may be effectively investigated and analyzed. Moreover, further studies on the calculation of standard prices that can ensure the stability of natural environment restoration projects will be necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.107-117
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• 2013

Problems in regard of ecological stability of urban ecosystem ensue from climate change and urbanization. Particularly, urban ecological conditions are deteriorating both quantitatively and qualitatively to a great extent. The present study aims to assess the current condition of selected sites (i. e. urban green zones and parks) in terms of preset assessment components; to find out problems and relevant solutions to improve the quality and quantity of parks and green zones; and ultimately to suggest some measures applicable to coping with climate change as well as to securing the ecological attributes of urban green zones and parks. According to the findings of this study, from quantitative perspectives, ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change are high on account of the large natural-soil area(80%). By contrast, from qualitative perspectives including the planting structure (1 layer: 47%), the percentage of bush area(17%), the connectivity with surrounding green zones (independent types: 44%), the wind paths considered (5.6%), the tree species with high carbon absorption rates (20%), water cycles (17%), energy (8%) and carbon storage capacities(61%), ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change were found very low. These findings suggest that the ecological values of urban parks and green zones should be improved in the future by conserving their original forms, securing natural-soil grounds and employing multi-layered planting structures and water bodies, and that responsiveness to climate change should be enhanced by planting tree species with high carbon storage capacities and obtaining detention ponds. In sum, robust efforts should be exerted in the initial planning stages, and sustained, to apply the methodology of green-zone development along with securing ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.138-146
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• 2013

The typical natural landscapes and temporal- spatial regulation of Land use change and their ecological effects at Hailun County were conducted and analyzed, based on the translated data from remote sensing images in 1986, 1996 and 2000 using GIS and landscape ecological theory. The results indicated the area of arable land, paddy field and city land increased 7,786.39 $hm^2$, 3391.18 $hm^2$ and 120.84 $hm^2$ while the area of forestry, grassland and marsh decreased 3,184.88 $hm^2$, 1,625.8 $hm^2$ and 3,994.85 $hm^2$ respectively during 14 years. Dry land is a main landscape in this area. These changes made the environmental quality worse gradually, such as land degradation, soil erosion and water and soil losses, and temperature getting warmer. This study is very important for the local ecological environment protect and agricultural sustainability and land resources sustainable using.