• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.680-683
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• 2003

Through the screening of caspase-3 inducing inhibitors in U937 human monocytic leukemia cell from natural sources, Caesalpiniae sappan, which showed a high level of inhibition, was selected. The inhibition compound was purified from methanol extract by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The inhibitor was identified as brazilin by spectroscopic methods of ESI-MS, $^1H-NMR$, and $^{13}C-NMR$. Brazilin showed inhibitory activity of caspase-3 induction, a major protease of apoptosis cascade, with $IC_{50}$ value of $4.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ after 7 hr of treatment in U937 cells.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.584-588
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• 2006

Physical activity has been effective in enhancing quality of life and physical fitness of older adults over relatively short periods of time. However, little is known about the Yoga-based exercise program on physiological changes and physical fitness with psychological variables in elderly women. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Yoga- based exercise program on physiological, psychological factors and physical fitness in elderly women. Forty-four elders were recruited from the public health center. They were divided into exercise training group(n=22) and control group(n=22). The training group participating in 10 weeks of Yoga-based exercise program. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, Fisher's Extract test, and ANCOVA to evaluate body fat, spine ROM, blood pressure, cholesterol, depression, life satisfaction, ADL and physical fitness. There was a significant improvement in blood pressure, total cholesterol, precent of body fat, physiological function, depression, life satisfaction, ADL and physical fitness in the exercise training group than that of the control group. From the results, Yoga-based interventions designed to improve various variables were equally acceptable to elderly women.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2015

The coastline influenced naturally and artificially changes dynamically. While the long-term change is influenced by the rise in the surface of the sea and the changes in water level of the rivers, the short-term change is influenced by the tide, earthquake and storm. Also, man-made thoughtless development such as construction of embankment and reclaimed land not considering erosion and deformation of coast has been causes for breaking functions of coast and damages on natural environment. In order to manage coastal environment and resources effectively, In this study is intended to analyze and predict erosion in coastal environment and changes in sedimentation quantitatively by detecting changes in coastal line from data collection for satellite images and aerial LiDAR data. The coastal line in 2007 and 2012 was extracted by manufacturing Digital Surface Model (DSM) with Aviation LiDAR materials. For the coastal line in 2009 and 2010, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method was used to extract the KOMPSAT-2 image selected after considering tide level and wave height. The change rate of the coastal line is varied in line with the forms of the observation target but most of topography shows a tendency of being eroded as time goes by. Compared to the relatively monotonous beach of Taean, the gravel and rock has very complex form. Therefore, there are more errors in extraction of coastlines and the combination of transect and shoreline, which affect overall changes. Thus, we think the correction of the anomalies caused by these properties is required in the future research.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.152-158
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• 2016

Background: Sanguisorba officinalis has been used in traditional Asian medicine owing to its beneficial effects on various diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of S. officinalis on the antioxidant system of Streptozotocin (STZ) and Alloxan (ALL) induced diabetic rats. Methods and Results: Triglyceride and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels decreased in the STZ-induced diabetic groups treated with S. officinalis extract (SOE) compared to the corresponding levels in the control groups. Moreover, in the ALL-induced diabetic groups, SOE reduced triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly in the STZ and ALL-induced groups treated with SOE compared to the corresponding levels in the control group. Further, Glutathione (GSH) levels increased but did not reach statistical significance. The levels of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) showed a tendency to recover with SOE treatment in the STZ and ALL-induced diabetic groups. In addition, Catalase (CAT) levels in the SOE treatment group decreased significantly compared to those in the control group. Conclusions: These results suggest that SOE might be an effective agent in attenuating oxidative stress in diabetic patients by improving blood lipid profiles and inducing the anti-oxidative enzyme systems.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2005

Radical scavenging activity of water and methanol extracts of mulberry juice and cake prepared from mulberry fruit (Morus spp.) was evaluated using three in vitro assay systems. Mulberry fruits were homogenized with $0.5\%$ trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in distilled water, filtered with cheeze-cloth and centrifuged to yield mulberry juice and cake. Mulberry juice was evaporated and solubilized in $0.5\%$ TFA in distilled water or $0.5\%$ TFA in $80\%$ aqueous methanol, followed by filtration and evaporation to obtain water (WMJ) and methanol (MMJ) extracts of mulberry juice. Mulberrry cake also was extracted with the above same solvents, and thereby finally obtaining water (WMC) and methanol (MMC) extracts of mulberry cake. Among four extracts, the MMC showed the most potent radical scavenging activity against DPPH radical $(IC_{50}=167.45\;{\mu}g/mL)$, and superoxide $(IC_{50}=36.18\;{\mu}g/mL)$ and hydroxyl radicals $(IC_{50}=467.08\;{\mu}g/mL)$. The WMC also exhibited stronger radical scavenging activity than those of two other mulberry juice extract, WMJ and MMJ. Meanwhile, the MMJ exerted stronger three radical scavenging activity than the WMJ. Total phenolic content of the water and MeOH extracts from mulberry cake was higher than that of the water and MeOH extracts from mulberry juice. Thus, these results suggest that the extracts of mulberry cake with high dietary phenolics may be useful potential source of natural antioxidant as radical scavenger.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.256-262
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• 2013

Four functional constituents, oxyresveratrol 3'-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (ORTG), oxyresveratrol (ORT), t-resveratrol (RT), and moracin (MC) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of mulberry (Morus alba L.) twigs by a series of isolation procedures, including solvent fractionation, and silica-gel, ODS-A, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Their chemical structures were identified by NMR and FABMS spectral analysis. Quantitative changes of four phytochemicals in mulberry twigs were determined by HPLC according to cultivar, producing area, and heat processing. ORTG was a major abundant compound in the mulberry twigs, and its levels ranged from 23.7 to 105.5 mg% in six different mulberry cultivars. Three other compounds were present in trace amounts (<1 mg/100 g) or were not detected. Among mulberry cultivars examined, "Yongcheon" showed the highest level of ORTG, whereas "Somok" had the least ORTG content. Levels of four phytochemicals in the mulberry twigs harvested in early September were higher than those harvested in early July. Levels of ORTG and ORT in the "Cheongil" mulberry twigs produced in the Uljin area were higher than those produced in other areas. Generally, levels of ORTG and ORT in mulberry twigs decreased with heat processing, such as steaming, and microwaving except roasting, whereas those of RT and MC did not considerably vary according to heat processing. These results suggest that the roasted mulberry twigs may be useful as potential sources of functional ingredients and foods.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.511-515
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• 2014

In a screen for plant-derived inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, a flavonol isolated from the chloroform extract of Alpinia officinarum was isolated. The structure of the flavonol was found to be 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-one (galangin, GLG) by using spectroscopy. GLG exhibited an inhibitory effect ($IC_{50}$ value: $26.8{\mu}M$) on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Moreover, GLG suppressed expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein and mRNA in a dose-dependent manner.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.91-94
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• 2016

The fruits of Morus alba L. were extracted with 80 % aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned into EtOAc, n-butyl alcohol, and water fractions. The repeated silica gel ($SiO_2$) and octadecyl silica gel column chromatographies for the EtOAc and n-butyl alcohol fractions led to isolation of two phenolic compounds. The chemical structures of the compounds were determined as Diels-Alder type adducts, mulberrofuran E (1) and chalcomoracin (2) based on spectroscopic data analyses including nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectrometry. Compounds 1 and 2 were isolated for the first time from the fruits of M. alba L. in this study.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2019

A chatbot is an important area of mobile service, which understands informal data of a user as a conversational form and provides a customized service information for user. However, there is still a lack of a service way to fully understand the user's natural language typed query dialogue. Therefore, in this paper, we extract meaningful words, such a region, a food category, and a restaurant name from user's dialogue sentences for recommending a restaurant. and by comparing the extracted words against the contents of the knowledge database that is built from the hashtag for recommending a restaurant in SNS, and provides user target information having statistically much the word-similarity. In order to evaluate the performance of the restaurant recommendation chatbot system implemented in this paper, we measured the accessibility of various user query information by constructing a web-based mobile environment. As a results by comparing a previous similar system, our chabot is reduced by 37.2% and 73.3% with respect to the touch-count and the cutaway-count respectively.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2012

Gelidium (G.) elegans is a red alga inhabiting intertidal areas of North East Asia. We examined anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of G. elegans, depending on drying and extraction conditions, by determining reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in 3T3-L1 and RAW 264.7 cells. Extraction yields of samples using hot air drying (HD) and far-infrared ray drying (FID) were significantly higher than those using natural air drying (ND). The 70% ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenol and flavonoid contents compared to other extracts (0, 30, and 50% ethanol) under tested drying conditions. The scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitrite correlated with total phenol or flavonoid content in the extracts. The greatest DPPH scavenging effect was observed in 70% ethanol extract from FID and HD conditions. The production of ROS and NO in 3T3-L1 and macrophage cells greatly decreased with the 70% ethanol extraction derived from FID. This study suggests that 70% ethanol extraction of G. elegans dried by FID is the most optimal condition to obtain efficiently antioxidant compounds of G. elegans.