• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.91-94
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• 2016

오디(Morus alba L.) 를 실온에서 80 % MeOH 수용액으로 추출하고 이 추출물을 EtOAc, n-butyl alcohol, 그리고 물 분획으로 나누었다. EtOAc 분획에 대하여 $SiO_2$ 및 ODS column chromatography를 반복 실시하여 2종의 Diels-Alder 부가화합물을 분리, 정제하였다. NMR, IR 및 ESI/MS data를 해석하여, 화합물 1과 2를 mulberrofuran E와 chalcomoracin 으로 각각 구조동정 하였다. 두 화합물 모두 오디로부터는 이번 실험에서 처음으로 분리되었다.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2019

사용자로부터 입력되는 비정형 데이터를 대화 형태로 이해하여 사용자가 원하는 정보에 대한 맞춤 서비스를 제공하는 챗봇은 모바일 서비스의 중요한 분야로서 주목받고 있다. 그러나 사용자의 자연 언어 형태의 질의 대화를 완전하게 이해하여 서비스할 수 있는 방법은 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 사용자가 음식점 추천을 위하여 입력하는 대화 문장으로부터 지역, 음식분류, 음식점명 등의 의미 단어를 추출하고, 추출된 단어를 SNS의 음식점 추천 관련 해시태그를 기반으로 구축된 지식 데이터베이스의 내용과 대조하여 통계적으로 단어 유사성이 가장 큰 사용자 목적 정보를 제공한다. 본 논문에서 구현한 음식점 추천 챗봇 시스템의 성능 평가를 위해서 웹 기반의 모바일 환경을 구축하여 다양한 사용자 질의 정보에 대한 접근 편의성을 측정한 결과, 기존 유사 서비스와 비교하여 터치 횟수와 화면 전환 횟수에서 각각 37.2%와 73.3%의 감소함을 보였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2012

Gelidium (G.) elegans is a red alga inhabiting intertidal areas of North East Asia. We examined anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of G. elegans, depending on drying and extraction conditions, by determining reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in 3T3-L1 and RAW 264.7 cells. Extraction yields of samples using hot air drying (HD) and far-infrared ray drying (FID) were significantly higher than those using natural air drying (ND). The 70% ethanol extracts showed the highest total phenol and flavonoid contents compared to other extracts (0, 30, and 50% ethanol) under tested drying conditions. The scavenging activity on 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitrite correlated with total phenol or flavonoid content in the extracts. The greatest DPPH scavenging effect was observed in 70% ethanol extract from FID and HD conditions. The production of ROS and NO in 3T3-L1 and macrophage cells greatly decreased with the 70% ethanol extraction derived from FID. This study suggests that 70% ethanol extraction of G. elegans dried by FID is the most optimal condition to obtain efficiently antioxidant compounds of G. elegans.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2014

The seed of Vigna angularis (Ohwi) Ohwi & Ohashi (= Phaseolus angularis W. F. Wight, Leguminosae) is one of well-known folk foodstuffs in Korea, China and Japan. In the course of screening for antioxidants from natural plants in Korea by measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) a methanol extract of the seeds of V. angularis were found to show a potent antioxidant activity. And the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of V. angularis (VAEA) showed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide quenching activities. To reveal the effect of antioxidant activities of VAEA, we tested the thermal and oxidative stress tolerances, activities of SOD and catalase, and intracellular ROS level in Caenorhabditis elegans. Consequently, VAEA-fed worms lived longer than control worms under the thermal and oxidative stress conditions. And VAEA elevated SOD and catalase activities of worms, and reduced intracellular ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.579-590
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• 2020

Botrytis cinerea, which causes gray mold disease in more than 200 plant species, is an economically important pathogen that is mainly controlled by synthetic fungicides. Synergistic fungicide mixtures can help reduce fungicide residues in the environment and mitigate the development of fungicide-resistant strains. In this study, we screened microbial culture extracts on Botrytis cinerea to identify an antifungal synergist for tebuconazole. Among the 4,006 microbial extracts screened in this study, the culture extract from Schizophyllum commune displayed the most enhanced activity with a sub-lethal dosage of tebuconazole, and the active ingredient was identified as schizostatin. In combination with 5 ㎍/ml tebuconazole, schizostatin (1 ㎍/ml) showed disease control efficacy against gray mold on tomato leaf similar to that achieved with 20 ㎍/ml tebuconazole treatment alone. Interestingly, schizostatin showed demethylation inhibitor (DMI)-specific synergistic interactions in the crossed-paper strip assay using commercial fungicides. In a checkerboard assay with schizostatin and DMIs, the fractional inhibitory concentration values were 0.0938-0.375. To assess the molecular mechanisms underlying this synergism, the transcription levels of the ergosterol biosynthetic genes were observed in response to DMIs, schizostatin, and their mixtures. Treatment with DMIs increased the erg11 (the target gene of DMI fungicides) expression level 15.4-56.6-fold. However, treatment with a mixture of schizostatin and DMIs evidently reverted erg11 transcription levels to the pre-DMI treatment levels. These results show the potential of schizostatin as a natural antifungal synergist that can reduce the dose of DMIs applied in the field without compromising the disease control efficacy of the fungicides.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.75-77
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• 2010

Until now, the main treatment for impotence has been the vasodilator injection, penile implants and etc. Among many methods, most effective way is known to be the medical therapy. The oral drug for an impotence remedy has to be above all, effective to the erection, and second, safety when taking in long-term. However, so far the drug in such condition and sufficiency has not been discovered. Consequently, it is crucial to develop the new medicine, made of natural materials only, without any uncertainty of side effect. The silkworm is very difference in physiological chemical change according to growth stage. Therefore the functional effect shows a very big difference according to preparation method with a growth stage. This research carry out the experiment with the pupa powder immediately before the eclosion, eclosion adult, the pupa extract immediately before the eclosion, and the silkworm powder of 5 instar 3rd day. The result showed not a big chance in weight, feed and water intake quantity. But testosterone hormone secretion effects of the freeze drying powder of the pupa immediately before the eclosion was very high 7.31 ng/ml, compared to 2.37 ng/ml of non treatment and 2.67 ng/ml of alcohol extraction method. As this result, the freeze drying pupa powder of the pupa immediately before the eclosion was confirmed to promote the secretion of the testosterone hormone more than alcohol extraction method of existing.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2017

Background: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Radix (GR) is a crude drugs used in Asian countries that has been reported to prevent the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The present study examined whether GR and its active compounds, glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and isoliquiritigenin (IL), exerted protective effects on $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage in C6 glial cells. Methods and Results: We exposed C6 glial cells to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) for 24 h and investigated the cellular response to GR and its active compounds by evaluating cell viability, reactivie oxygen species (ROS) production, and apoptosis-related protein expression. GR successfully mitigated the reduced cell viability and ROS production induced by $H_2O_2$ in C6 glial cells, IL and GA significantly increased the cell viability and decreased ROS production. In addition, IL and GA down-regulated apoptotic Baxdependent caspase-3 activation, but each compound exerted different mechanisms, i.e., IL dose-dependently decreased ROS production and, GA up-regulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that GR and its active components, IL and GA, exhibit potential for use as natural neurodegenerative agents for the modulation of apoptosis in C6 glial cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2012

Obesity, which is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissues, occurs by fat absorption by lipase and sequential fat accumulation in adipocyte through adipocyte differentiation. Thus, inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity and adipocyte differentiation would be crucial for the prevention and progression of obesity. In the present study, we attempted to evaluate anti-adipogenic activity of several algae extracts employing preadipocytes cell line, 3T3-L1 as an in vitro assay system. The effects on pancreatic lipase activity in vitro were also evaluated. Total methanolic extracts of Cladophora wrightiana and Costaria costata showed significant inhibitory activity on adipocyte differentiation as assessed by measuring fat accumulation using Oil Red O staining. Related to pancreatic lipase, C. wrightiana and Padina arborescens showed significant inhibition. Further fractionation of C. wrightiana, which showed the most potent activity, suggested that $CHCl_3$ and n-BuOH fraction are responsible for adipocyte differentiation inhibition, whereas n-BuOH and $H_2O$ fraction for pancreatic lipase inhibition. Our study also demonstrated that n-BuOH fraction was effective both in early and middle stage of differentiation whereas $CHCl_3$ fraction was effective only in early stage of differentiation. Taken together, algae might be new candidates in the development of obesity treatment.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.396-406
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• 2004

Current physical and chemical methodologies, conventionally used to clean up metal contaminated soils, are generally too expensive to apply in large hazardous waste sites including agricultural lands adjacent to closed or abandoned metal mines. Phytoremediation using plants to extract, sequester and detoxify environmental pollutants is one of the cost-effective and aesthetically-pleasing alternatives, compared with environmentally destructive remedial methods currently being practiced. But, phytoremediation has some limitations such as time consuming and low performance: in general, it is seasonally dependent and slower in removing metals than other methods, and metal accumulating plants are slow growers. Improvement of plants for metal tolerance, accumulation, and translocation using genetic engineering techniques recently opened up new possibilities for phytoremediation. In this paper, we have discussed about recent developments in conventional and genetically engineered phytoremediation. For the conventional phytoremediation, focuses are on the natural hyperaccumulator and the chemically assisted phytoremediation. Some pros and cons on the phytoremediation using transgenic plants, coupled with focusing on the mechanistic view points, are also discussed. It might be concluded that the transgenic plants will be effective tools in the practical application of phytoremediation especially for the highly contaminated soils but mechanisms involved should be deeply understood in advance.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.315-328
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Bunsimgieum on antitumor effect after sarcoma-180 cells transplantation into peritoneal cavity or left groin and immune responses on the depressed immunity induced by methotrexate in mice. The Bunsimgieum extract of 10mg/kg was orally administered 14 days for antitumor effects and 21 days for immune responses. 50% inhibitory concentration($IC_{50}$) of SUN-1, SUN-C4, and SUN-396 cancer cell, mean sunvival days and body weight of tumor bearing mice, and growth of tumor mass for antitumor effect; delayed type hypersentivity, hemagglutinin titer, hemolysis titer, rosette forming cells, natured killer cell activity, lymphocyte transformation, productivity of interleukin-2, and phagocytic activity for their immune responses were measured in ICR mice. Significance in antitumor effect is noted in the enlongation of mean life days and inhibition of tumor growth(p<0.01, respectively). Significance of immune responses is also noted in hemolysis titer, lymphocyte transfumotion, IL-2 productivity, phagocytic activity, and natural killer cell activity at E/T ratio 100:1(p<0.01, respectively). Significant in rosette cell formation was seen at dosage of 20mg/kg(p<0.01). However, Difference of body weight as antitumor effect, delayed type hypersensitivity, and hemagglutinin titer were not shown significantly. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Bunsimgieum has prominent antitumor and immunity enhancing effect.