• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.120-125
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• 2019

In this paper, we have isolated six phenolic compounds, such as (+)-catechin (1), taxifolin (2), taxifolin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-(+)-xylose (3), quercetin (4), quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L(+)-rhamnose (quercitrin) (5), apigenin-8-C-rhamnosyl-(1'''${\rightarrow}$2'')-glucoside (2''-O-rhamnosylvitexin) (6) from the EtOAc(Ethyl Acetate) and $H_2O$ soluble fractions of Japanese anise(Illicium anisatum L) leaves and twigs. Also, we have evaluated antioxidative and antiviral activity for each isolated compound. The antioxidative test was DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. According to the experimental results, all of the isolated compounds indicated the increased radical scavenging activities as the concentration increases and most of the isolated compounds indicated generally good antioxidative values compare to the controls, ascorbic acid and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. In the antiviral activities, all of the isolated compounds had no potentials in rhinovirus 1B (HRV 1B). But in enterovirus 71 (EV 71) and Influenza virus A/PR/8 (Influenza PR8), only quercetin (4) indicated the good antiviral activity compare to the control. Based on the above results, we found that the phenolic compounds of Japanese anise may be applied for one of the natural biomass sources that can be used as an antioxidant and an antiviral substance.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2003

Interrelation between the antioxidative activities of 70% ethanol extracts from bran fraction of 23 kinds of colored rice and chuchung as a control were examined. Antioxidative activities were evaluated by assaying reducing power, electron-donation ability to DPPH free radical, scavenging activity of hydroxy radical $({\cdot}OH)$ generated through Fenton reaction and inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation using linoleic acid autoxidation system, respectively. Among 24 varieties of colored rice LK 1-3-6-12-1-1 had the strongest reducing power followed by Elwee, DZ 78, Jumlalocal-1 and SC-45 in decreasing order. The electron-donating ability to DPPH radical was higher in order of HP 883-1-1-1-B-1-1, HP 833-1-3-1-1-1, LK 2-7-12-1-1 and DZ 78. The hydroxy radical scavenging activity was higher in order of DK-1, IR 1544-38-2-2-1-2-2, SC-5 and SC-45 but LK 2-7-12-1-1 had oxidative effect. In the liaoleic acid autoxidation model system, RGS No 336, LK 1B-2-1-1, LK 1B-4-12-1-1, LK 1A-2-12-1-1, LK 2-7-12-1-1 and HP 883-1-1-1-B-1-1 exhibited strong antioxidative activities but Elwee, Jumlalocal-l and SC-45 showed to have oxidative effects. The rice variety of highest pigment content was Elwee and the next were RGS-No 336, IR 1544-38-2-2-1-2-2 and SC-5 with the order of higher content. The reducing power was correlated with the quantity of the pigment in the ethanolic extract of rice bran and SC-5 showed relatively high antioxidative activity in every results of antioxidative activity tests.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.24-33
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• 2016

Objectives : This study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Tongbi-san extract (TS) on RAW264.7 macrophages using by cell cytotoxicity, Nitric Oxide (NO) and Prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) production and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl ghdrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capability. Methods : Cell cytotoxicity was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The production of NO was measured by Griess assay. The production of $PGE_2$ was measured by immunoassay. And the anti-oxidant activity was measured by the DPPH method. Results : TS did not increased significantly compared to the TS untreated group in the cell cytotoxicity. TS inhibited NO and $PGE_2$ production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. TS had the DPPH free radical scavenging capability. Conclusion : The anti-inflammtory and anti-oxidant effects of TS may be use for a treatment of anti-inflammatory diseases.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.236-242
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• 2010

This study was conducted to develop a functional syrup by using maca extract. Five different levels (0%, 7%, 14%, 21%, 28%) of maca extract was added and the physicochemical properties were investigated. The pH of control syrup was lower than that of syrup added with maca extract. Viscosity increased with increasing amount of maca extract. Hunter L value decreased while b value increased as maca extract level increased. Results of consumer acceptance test revealed that no significant differences in flavor, sweet taste and overall acceptability were observed among samples. Therefore, it is suggested that maca extract can be incorporated into syrup up to 28% without depressing the quality. Total polyphenol content and DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging tests were conducted in view of estimating the functionality of maca syrup. Results showed that incorporation of maca extract into syrup exhibited higher polyphenol content and DPPH radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity than control syrup (p<0.05).

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2014

Gloeostereum incarnatum is an edible and medicinal mushroom belongs to Family Cyphellaceae of Polyporales, Basidiomycota. The purpose of this study was to investigate the free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and melanin synthesis inhibitory activities of fruiting bodies of Gloeostereum incarnatum. In the free radical scavenging activities, the mushroom extracts showed good 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and chelating activity on the ferrous ions compared with the positive control, BHT. The mushroom extract suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in dose dependant manners. Significant reduction of paw edema of rats were observed at 2~6 h after administration with 50 mg/kg of the methanol and hot-water extracts, which were comparable with treatment of 5 mg/kg of indomethacin, the positive control. The melanin synthesis of Melanoma B16/F10 cells treated with $100{\mu}g/mL$ of the methanol and hot water extracts decreased melanin concentration to 50% and 45% compared with the control, arbutin. Therefore, the experimental results showed that methanol and hot-water extracts of Gloeostereum incarnatum fruiting bodies might be used for good sources of anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, and skin whitening agents for human health.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.113-126
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• 2021

In the present study, the halophyte C. falcatum extract and its solvent fractions (n-hexane, 85% aqueous methanol, n-butanol, and water) were evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Antioxidative ability was measured by DPPH radical, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite scavenging, DNA oxidation inhibition, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). For DPPH radical and peroxynitrite scavenging, DNA oxidation inhibition, and FRAP, 85% aq.MeOH and n-BuOH fractions showed significant scavenging activity. For production of intracellular ROS in HT-1080 cells, 85% aq.MeOH fraction showed the highest scavenging activity. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity was also assessed by measuring the inhibitory effect against mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors (NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2) in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages. For NO production, crude extract exhibited a strong inhibitory effect at a concentration of 100 ㎍/ml. For mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2), n-BuOH greatly suppressed expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 at 100 ㎍/ml concentration while 85% aq. MeOH fraction significantly inhibited that of COX-2 even at 100 ㎍/ml. These results suggest that C. falcatum may be used as a potential source for the development of a natural antioxidant or anti-inflammatory agent.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1302-1313
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• 2021

In this study, Gami-Sumiwon (GS; Cynanchi wilfordii R., Angelica gigantis R., Lycium chinense M., Betula platyphylla S., Cryptotympana atrata F. and Carthamus tinctorius L.) and/or Sinomenium acutum R. (SC) was extracted with 70% ethanol or water. And We investigated the antioxidant activity effect of GS±SC. The following experimental techniques were used to evaluate the antioxidant efficacy of GS±SC. HPLC chromatogram, heavy metal content, ABTS/DPPH radical scavenging analysis, SOD-like activity assay, FACS, and NO assay. As a result of the experiment, the sinomenine content was found to be higher in DW extracts, and decursin was found to be higher in 80% ethanol extracts. And, the amount of heavy metals in all extracts was below the standard value. ABTS, and DPPH radical scavenging activity was identified that GS±SC(EtOH) was found to have a higher scavenging activity than GS±SC(DW). But, SOD showed the opposite result. No cytotoxicity of GS was observed on Raw 264.7 cells at concentration of 1~100 ㎍/㎖. The ROS production was significantly decreased that GS±SC(DW) was found to have a higher scavenging activity than GS±SC(EtOH). However, NO production showed the opposite result. Looking at the results of SOD and ROS analysis, SC does not seem to have a function of prevention. SC is thought to have an effect on the removal of free radicals generated after oxidative stress. This result objectively confirmed the antioxidant effect of GS±SCs. We will continue to conduct in-depth research. Therefore, it is believed that the possibility of using GS±SCs as a functional material can be established. The more diverse the objectives, the higher the value of GS utilization is thought to be.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2008

Some studies of dandelion have been carried out on bioactivities, however, no comparative analysis on antioxidant and cytotoxic activities in the Korean dandelion (T. coreanum NAKAI.; KD) and dandelion (T. officinale WEB.) have been reported. In this study, the extracts of KD and dandelion analyzed relative phenolic contents and free radical scavenging, antioxidant enzyme and cytotoxic activities. The extract of Korean dandelion leaves (KDL) exhibited a higher phenolics content ($368{\pm}11.5\;mg/l00\;g$) and a strong free radical scavenging activity ($RC_{50}$value;87.89 ug/ml) than other parts and BHT (120.12 ug/ml), synthetic antioxidant. At ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, the dandelion root (DR) had a greater (38.8 U/mg protein) antioxidant enzyme compare to the dandelion leaves (12.2 U/mg protein). The catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) followed higher enzyme activity in Korean dandelion root (KDR) than other parts. In a cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell, the extracts of KDR was found to be active against Calu-6, HCT-116, and SNU-601 cell lines, with $IC_{50}$ values of 522.34, 532.74 and 614.85 ug/ml, respectively. These results suggest that KD and dandelion would be an alternative antioxidant source, based on natural plant resources.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.718-724
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the quality and antioxidant activity of blueberry-pyun (traditional Korean jelly using blueberry) according to different ratios of blueberry juice (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%). Moisture and pH significantly decreased as the content of blueberry juice increased (p<0.05). As the amount of blueberry juice decreased, the lightness (L) decreased. At the same time, the redness (a) and yellowness (b) were significantly higher (p<0.05). DPPH radical scavenging activity and anthocyanin contents increased significantly when the amount of blueberry juice increased (p<0.05). In the texture profile analysis, hardness decreased as the content of blueberry juice increased. There were no significant differences in springiness. 20% blueberry juice showed the highest gumminess and chewiness. During sensory evaluation, 60% blueberry juice showed the highest in the appearance, color, sweetness and overall-acceptability. From these results, we conclude that blueberry-pyun made of 60% blueberry juice is the most desirable.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.133-137
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• 2019

Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from turmeric that exhibits a variety of biological functions has albeit with limited efficacy as a functional food material owing to its low absorption when administered orally. The newly developed curcumin powder formulation exhibits improved absorption rate in vivo. This study evaluates the anti-oxidant effects of $Theracurmin^{(R)}$ (TC), which is highly bio-available in curcumin powder. The antioxidant activity of TC was investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, ferrous reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, NO radical, superoxide radical, $H_2O_2$ scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Additionally, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of TC in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Type 2 diabetic rats. As a result of oral administration of TC for 13 weeks in type 2 diabetic rats, the group administration of 2,000 mg/kg significantly increased FRAP, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced the level of glutathione (GSH) in liver tissue 1.9, 1.2, and 1.2-times, respectively. Furthermore, serum TAC levels increased by 1.3-fold after the rats were administered with a dose of 500 mg/kg. These results were consistent with the in vitro assay results. In conclusion, TC exhibited its potential as a functional food material through its antioxidant properties.