• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.1266-1270
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• 2003

The advance of the immunobiology clarifies the nature of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL). In addition the proceed in the immunophenotyping renders the classification of NHL. According to the Revised European American Lymphoma(REAL) classification, classified by the etiologic factors, molecular biological characteristics, immunophenotype, cytogenetics and histologic feature, nasal T/NK-cell lymphoma(=angiocentric lymphoma) belongs to the category of peripheral T-cell and natural killer cell lymphoma. Nasal T/NK-cell lymphoma is a distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized by progressive necrotic lesions in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, and palate. The cellular origin of this tumor has been controversial. Although most nasal T/NK-cell lymphomas are of NK-cell lineage, being CD56+, negative for surface CD3(Leu4), and unassociated with rearrangements of the T-cell receptor genes, other minor variants have been reported. This lymphoma is a rare disease and usually experienced in adult. Recently, we experienced a rare type lymphoma, nasal T/NK-cell lymphoma, in 14 years old boy. His soft mass occupied the right nasal cavity including the nasal septum and turbinate. Pathologically this nasal mass showed the infiltration into the vascular wall, illustrating angiodestructive lesion. The cellular origin was NK-cell lineage, being CD56+ and negative to CD3. Now, we report the case with a brief review of related literatures.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2020

Extranodal Natural Killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma mostly affects the nasal cavity and there has been no report of the disease's occurrence at the base of tongue. Here we report a case of 43-year-old man who presented with a diffuse ulcerative lesion at the base of tongue. Because the patient had oral bleeding, tracheostomy and lingual artery ligation was performed via a transcervical approach to control bleeding and protect the upper airway. We performed a deep biopsy through the lateral pharyngotomy approach, and finally, the patient was diagnosed with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. We report this rare case of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma at the base of tongue with a literature review.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.35-38
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• 2017

The extranodal nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma was formerly known as lethal midline granuloma due to its most common clinical pattern like a destructive midline facial tumor. It often spread to other extranodal sites, such as skin, soft tissue, testis, upper respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract etc. For this reason, the term of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type is preferred. Its disease entity may have a prominent admixture of inflammatory cells and necrotic tissues, further causing difficulty in diagnosis. A 44-year-old man was visited to our clinic with complaints of dysphagia and odynophagia during six months. He underwent three times punch biopsies and then, two times incisional biopsies. Finally, He was diagnosed as extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type involving oropharynx and supraglottis. We report an extremely rare case of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type occurred in oropharynx and supraglottis with a brief review of literature.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.636-642
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• 2003

Primary lung lymphoma is an uncommon tumor, which constitutes 0.5% of primary lung cancer, and 3% of extranodal lymphoma. The most frequent radiologic presentation of pulmonary parenchymal lymphoma is single mass or nodule. But we have experienced a case which was radiologically presented as patchy lung infiltration at first, and then progressive multiple reticulonodular infiltrations in lung. A 48-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of fever and cough. Chest PA obtained on admission revealed multiple patchy infiltration. Eventually, open lung biopsy was performed and the specimen disclosed extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, and in bone marrow aspiration, hemophagocytosis was present. We report a case of primary extranodal NK/T cell lung lymphoma presented as patchy lung infiltrations, which was treated with chemotherapy.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.435-446
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• 2001

Natural Killer/T-cell(NK/TC) lymphoma is a rare disease of oral and maxillofacial region with an aggressive clinical course, showed unusual clinical manifestations. Prognosis is generally poor and the disease is invariably fatal after systemic dissemination. A case of nasal NK/TC non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the left maxilla that showed unusual clinical manifestations and a fulminant course of disease, are described with literature reviews. A 81-year-old female patient presented with rapidly growing ulceration and general malaise after extraction of right upper second premolar NK/TC lymphoma was subsequently detected by biopsy. rapid and wide invasion from maxilla to mandible developed within 10 days and multiple metastasis to whole body was after a few weeks. Although the time relationship is not clear, local invasion and multiple metastasis could be dissemination from localized disease of NK/TC. As seen in my case, the course can be excessively aggressive and fulminant even though it first appeared as a localized ulceractive lesion. She is expired 2 months after biopsy. Positivity of immunohistochemical stain (CD56, LCA, UCHL-1, CD3), which is a specific characteristic of NK/TC, may serve as a factor showing a poor prognosis of a malignant lymphoma

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.231-234
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• 2021

We report a rare case of metachronous lymphoma with two distinct cell lineages in a 75-year-old man. The patient complained about having nasal obstruction for 2 years and extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type was diagnosed from a biopsy. The immunohistochemical staining for CD56 and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNA (EBER-ISH) were positive and the tumor cells were negative for CD20. After 13 months of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the patient presented with swelling of the left testis. Positron emission tomography scan detected an abnormal uptake in the testis. A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, was diagnosed from subsequent radical orchiectomy. The immunohistochemical staining revealed to be positive for CD20, BCL2, BCL6, and MYC and negative for CD10 and EBER-ISH.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.497-501
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• 2010

Primary nasal type natural killer (NK)/T cell (NKTC) lymphoma, a specific form of malignant lymphoma, has a higher geographic incidence in Oriental, Mexican, and South American populations than the Western population. In Koreans, it comprises 9-12% of all cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This type of lymphoma has also been named as angiocentic lymphoma and lethal midline granuloma because the most common site is the upper airway area and its clinical aggressiveness presents with a necrotic and destructive pattern. NKTC lymphoma can also be detected in different organs (testis, spleen, parotid gland, skin, gastroinstinal tract, central nervous system, lungs, bone marrow, etc.) other than the upper airway including the oral cavity. The lymphoma detected in the oral cavity shows various destructive and inflammatory changes, similar to the signs of inflammation and infection from periodontitis and pulpal disease, making a diagnosis difficult with just the clinical signs. For early detection, clinical, radiological, and pathological examinations are required. This report describes the clinical, radiological and histological characteristics with a case report for the early detection of NKTC lymphoma in the oral cavity.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.329-332
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• 2011

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (NTCL), nasal type is rare and highly fatal malignant neoplasm. Early diagnosis and establishing treatment plan are very difficult. Furthermore, NTCL in the mandible is an extremely rare condition. The clinical significance of presented case is the very rare location of NTCL. To the best of author's knowledge, this is the first reported case of NTCL of the mandible in the literature.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.3155-3160
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• 2016

Background: L-asparaginase (ASNase) is commonly used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma. This study was designed to describe the incidence of toxicity associated with ASNase in Asian adults. Secondary objectives were to investigate the management and impact of toxicity on subsequent ASNase use, and to compare the actual management against current recommendations. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective, multi-center, observational study, Asian patients ${\geq}18$ years old who received ${\geq}1$ dose of the native E. coli ASNase from 2008 to 2013 were included. Patients were excluded if they did not receive ASNase. Endpoints of this study were development of specific toxicities, whether ASNase was discontinued or re-challenged, and developmentg of recurrent toxicity. All data analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 56 patients were analyzed. Mean (${\pm}SD$) age was 36.2 (${\pm}15.2$) years old, with 62.5% being males, 55.4% with ALL and 28.6% with NK/T-cell lymphoma. Hypersensitivity (12.5%) was associated with the highest incidence of toxicity (6 out of 7 patients had Grade 3 and 4 toxicity), followed by 10.7% for hepatic transaminitis, 3.6% for non-CNS thrombosis and 1.8% each for hyperbilirubinemia and pancreatitis. Hypersensitivity recurred in the 3 patients who were re-challenged with E. coli ASNase. Conclusions: ASNase is associated with a wide range of toxicities, with hypersensitivity being the most commonly observed among Asian adult patients.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.165-168
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• 2016

Nasal-type extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare disease presenting with non-specific symptoms, typically originating in the nasal cavity, palate, or midfacial region. Oral cavity is an extremely rare site for this type of lymphoma. In this report, we present a case of palatal perforation and oro-nasal fistula as a manifestation of recurrent ENKTL. Complicated disease entity should be considered when surgeons deal with palatal perforation and oro-nasal fistula.