• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2016

Recently a new class of quantum gate called $NCV-{\mid}v_1$ > library with low cost realizable potentialities is being watched with keen interest. The $NCV-{\mid}v_1$ > MCT gate is composed of AND cascaded-$CV-{\mid}v_1$ > gates to control the target qudit and its adjoint gates to erase junk ones. This paper presents a new symmetrical duality library named $NCV^{\dag}-{\mid}v_1$ > library corresponding to $NCV-{\mid}v_1$ > library. The new $NCV^{\dag}-{\mid}v_1$ > library can be operated on OR logic under certain conditions. By using both the $NCV-{\mid}v_1$ > and $NCV^{\dag}-{\mid}v_1$ > libraries it is possible to realize MPMCT gates, SOP and POS type synthesis of quantum logic circuits with extremely low cost, and expect dual gate property caused by different operational attributes with respect to forward and backward operations.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 2016

The characteristic and application of a new duality structure in the $NCV-{\mid}v_1$ > library is studied in this paper. All unitary operations on arbitrarily many qudit's n can be expressed as composition of one- and two-qudit $NCV-{\mid}v_1$ > libraries if their state vectors are eigenvectors. This research provides an extended realization from Barenco's many bits n operator(U(2n)) which is applicable to only all positive polarity statevectors to whole polarity ones. At the control gate synthesis of a unitary operator, such an enhanced expansion is possible due to their symmetric duality property in the case of using both $NCV-{\mid}v_1$ > and $NCV^{\dag}-{\mid}v_1$ > libraries which make the AND predominantly dependent cascade synthesis possible.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.195-203
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• 2021

Purpose: Neurodynamic tests are used to examine neural tissue in patients with neuro-musculoskeletal disorders, although this has not yet been established in the intensity of nerve tension application. This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of neural stretching intensity on nerve excitability using the latency and amplitude of nerve conduction velocity test (NCV) analysis. Methods: Thirty young, healthy male and female subjects (mean age = 21.30 years) voluntarily participated in this study. Nerve excitability was assessed using the median sensory NCV test. The latency and amplitude of the NCV test were measured under four different conditions: reference phase (supra-maximal stimulus, without neural stretching), baseline phase (2/3 of the supra-maximal stimulus, without neural stretching), weak stretch phase (2/3 of the supra-maximal stimulus, with weak neural stretching), and strong stretch phase (2/3 of the supra-maximal stimulus, with strong neural stretching). Results: The NCV latency was significantly delayed after one minute of neural stretching at the baseline, weak phase, and strong phase in comparison with the reference phase. The NCV latency was significantly delayed by increasing the strength of neural stretching. Furthermore, the NCV amplitude was significantly increased at the weak and strong phases, which were under neural stretching, in comparison with the baseline phase. The NCV amplitude was significantly increased by increasing the strength of the neural stretching. Conclusion: Transient neural stretching as a neurodynamic test can increase the sensitivity of the nerve without negatively affecting the nervous system. However, based on the results of this study, strong neural stretching in the neurodynamic test may delay the transmission of nerve impulses and hypersensitivity.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 2020

This study examined the effect of the nervous-system-stimulating caffeine on the nerve conduction velocity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of caffeine that stimulates the nervous system on nerve conduction test. Although both measurement intervals did not show statistically significant differences when comparing the pre- and post-NCV values within the control and individual experimental groups, it was found that the nerve conductivity in the Axilla-Above Elbow section increased significantly after caffeine intake for the experimental group. Caffeine intake, which has increased the nerve conduction velocity (NCV), was determined to play roles in improving motor skills, muscle strength and nerve performance by temporarily increasing the nerve conduction velocity. Through this study, we learned that caffeine has an influence on the peripheral nervous system as it helps to improve the nerve conduction velocity. upon an appropriate amount of caffeine intake. We hope that these results will help develop treatment and diagnostic methods for patients with nerve dysfunction and myofunctional disorders.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.447-454
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• 2014

Recently most of functional synthesis methods for quantum circuit realization have a tendency to adopt the declarative functional expression more suitable for computer algorithms, so it's difficult to analysis synthesized quantum functions. This paper presents a new functional representation of quantum circuits compatible with simple architecture and intuitive thinking. The proposal of this paper is a new functional synthesis development by using the control functions as the power of corresponding to affine-controlled quantum gates based on the mathematical substitution of serial-product matrix operation over the target line for the arithmetic and modulo-2 ones between power functions of unitary operators. The functional synthesis algorithm proposed in this paper is useful for the functional expressions and synthesis using both of reversible and irreversible affine-controlled NCV-quantum gates.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 1996

It is known fact that the CTS patients have lower pinch strength than the normal people. And we can assume that the sensory nerve action potential(SNAP) and the nerve conduction velocity(NCV) of the CTS group are lower or slower than the normal subjects. This paper analysed the grip strength and performed EMG experiment for the group Norm, G1 and G2. The results are as follows: 1) CTS patients have lower pinch strength than normal people. 2) There was no significant difference on SNAP between the CTS group and the normal group. 3) There was significant difference on NCV among Norm, G1, and G2 group. Especially, significant level was higher in the evening after the continuous use of wrist.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.26-29
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• 1996

We can establish hypothesis that the grip strength of the CTDs gorup is weaker, SNAP is lower, and NCV is stower than the normal subjects. This paper is to drive out the characteristics of pinch strength and EMG for subjects G1 and G2 who are supposed to be in CTDs and the normal group. The results are as follows: (1) The pinch strength of the CTDs group is weaker than the normal group. It is remarkably decrease in the afternoon for G2 group. (2) There was no significant difference on SNAP among three groups. (3) There was significant difference on NCV among three groups.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.108-115
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• 1997

The alcoholic neuropathies developed in approximately 34% of chronic alcoholics and the sexual dysfunction had been experienced in 8-54% of male alcoholics(Schiavi 1990). The aims of this study were to identify the prevalence of subclinical polyneuropathies and sexual disorders in alcohol dependence, and to evaluate the association between them. The nerve conduction velocity(NCV), electromyography(EMG), and pudendal somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs) were tested for the male alcoholics(N=34) and controls(N=17 for NCV & EMG, N=25 for pudendal SEPs). The pudendal SEPs were measured by the following procedures, in which we stimulated the dorsal nerve of penis attached by the ring electrode(stimulus intensity, three times of threshold : stimulus rate, 1-4.7Hz : stimulus duration, 0.1 or 0.2msec), and recorded at the scalp(active electrode, 2cm behind Cz : reference electrode, Fz). The NCV and EMG detected signs of peripheral neuropathies in 79.4% of alcoholics. Among the alcoholics, 64.7% were abnormal on the pudendal SEPs. Among the alcoholics who revealed abnormality on EMG and NCV, 81.4% were abnormal on the pudendal SEPs, in which 51.9% were not responded. The P1 latencies of pudendal SEPs on neuropathic alcoholics were significantly delayed(p<0.05) than non-neuropathic alcoholics. There was a relative correlation between peripheral neuropathies and sexual disorders in the alcoholics. The prevalence of subclinical neuropathies and sexual disorders seemed to be much higher in alcohol dependence than expectation, and these two problems were relatively correlated, and our results suggested that the peripheral polyneuropathies were one of the prerequisites of sexual disorders.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2000

Background: There has been few electrophysiologic studies in median proper palmar digital nerve(PPDN). Bar electrode may be a useful tool to evaluate the pathophysiologic state of the distal peripheral nerves. Objectives : To evaluate sensory nerve conduction velocities(NCVs) of median PPDNs in normal controls and carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS) patients by bar electrode, and clarify the usefulness of the bar electrode. Methods : We checked NCV of each median PPDN of thumb(D1), index(D2) and middle finger(D3) in normal controls(68 hands) and CTS patients(95 hands) by bar electrode. The each mean NCV of both groups were compared to find the correlation between them. Results : The mean NCV of each median PPDN in control group were $38.7{\pm}4.2$(D1), $32.0{\pm}4.6$(D2), $34.2{\pm}4.4$(D3) m/sec, and in CTS group were $35.3{\pm}8.9$(D1), $20.2{\pm}5.2$(D2), $20.2{\pm}5.1$(D3) m/sec orderly. There were significant differences between mean NCV of each finger in control group(p=0.0001), but not between each left and right finger(p>0.05). The differences between each mean NCV of control and CTS were significant in all 3 fingers(p=0.0014, 0.0000, 0.0000). Conclusion : Bar electrode is a useful tool to evaluate the pathophysiologic state of the median PPDNs in normal controls and CTS patients.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.244-247
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• 2008

After a traumatic brachial plexus injury, 80% of patients develop severe pain in the deafferentated arm. This type of pain is considered very resistant to many forms of therapy. When we plan treatments for the patient who suffer from a pain from traumatic brachial plexus injury, clarifying the location of injured nerve is very important. EMG (electromyography), NCV (nerve conduction study), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and CT (computed tomography) myelography are recommended diagnostic method for this purpose. Here, we presented a patient who was suspected to have both preganglionic and postganglionic brachial plexus lesion by EMG and NCV study, he showed favorable response after spinal cord stimulation.