• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.2042-2049
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• 2019

Ten gizzard and three flesh samples of the broiler were collected from different locations in Tehsil Gujar Khan District Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The samples were dried, crushed and ground. Pellets were prepared by pressing the powder of the samples and that of the Bovine liver 1577c reference material obtained from NIST, USA. Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) installed at National Center for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan has been used as a reliable and improved technique to determine concentration of various major/trace and toxic elements e.g. S, Cl, K, Ca, Cl, Fe, Cu, Mn, Co, Zn, Ti, Cd, Ga, Cr, V and Ni, in the Gizzard and Flesh samples of the broiler. The concentrations of all the detected elements in the samples are statistically significant. The certified and measured values of the elements in the reference material were in agreement with each other within a deviation of 7%. S, Cl, K and Ca are within tolerable limits and are good for human consumption. Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn were more than the acceptable limits of World Health Organization, WHO whereas Ga, As, Sn, Sb and Pb are not detected in most of the samples.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1535-1544
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of decreasing dietary crude protein content on rumen fermentation, mictobiota, and metabolites in goats. Methods: In an 84-day feeding trial, a total of twelve male Anhui white goat kids with initial body weight 15.9±1.13 kg were selected and randomly classified into two groups, feeding a normal crude protein diet (14.8% CP, NCP) or a low crude protein diet (12.0% CP, LCP). At the end of the experimental trial (on day 84), six animals were randomly selected from each group and were slaughtered to collect rumen fluid samples for the analysis of rumen fermentation parameters, microbiome, and metabolome. Results: The concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen, total volatile fatty acid, acetate, and propionate were decreased (p<0.05) in the LCP group in comparison with those in the NCP group. The abundances of genera Prevotella, Campylobacter, Synergistetes, and TG5, which were associated with nitrogen metabolism, were lower (p<0.05) in the LCP group compared with those in the NCP group. The levels of 78 metabolites (74 decreased, 4 increased) in the rumen fluid were altered (p<0.05) by the treatment. Most of the ruminal metabolites that showed decreased levels in the LCP group were substrates for microbial protein synthesis. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that vitamin B6 metabolism was significantly different (p<0.05) in rumen fluid between the two treatments. Conclusion: Decreased dietary protein level inhibited rumen fermentation through microbiome and metabolome shifts in goat kids. These results enhance our understanding of ruminal bacteria and metabolites of goat fed a low protein diet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.419-420
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• 2008

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1082-1091
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• 2024

The antioxidant capacity and protective effect of peptides from protein hydrolysate of Cordyceps militaris cultivated with tussah pupa (ECPs) on H₂O₂-injured HepG2 cells were studied. Results indicated ECP1 (<3 kDa) presented the strongest antioxidant activity compared with other molecular weight peptides. Pretreated with ECPs observably enhanced survival rates and reduced apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells. ECPs treatment decreased the ROS level, MDA content and increased CAT and GSH-Px activities of HepG2 cells. Besides, the morphologies of natural peptides from C. militaris cultivated with tussah pupa (NCP1) and ECP1 were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Characterization results suggested the structure of NCP1 was changed by enzymatic hydrolysis treatment. Most of hydrophobic and acidic amino acids contents (ACC) in ECP1 were also observably improved by enzymatic hydrolysis. In conclusion, low molecular weight peptides had potential value in the development of cosmetics and health food.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.808-817
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• 2021

Objective : Cervical surgery in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and cerebral palsy (CP) is challenging owing to the complexities of the deformity. We assessed factors affecting postoperative complications and outcomes after CSM surgery in patients with CP. Methods : Thirty-five consecutive patients with CP and CSM who underwent cervical operations between January 2006 and January 2014 were matched to 35 non-cerebral palsy (NCP) control patients. Postoperative complications and radiologic outcomes were compared between the groups. In the CP group, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score; Oswestry neck disability index; modified Barthel index; and values for the grip and pinch, Box and Block, and Jebsen-Taylor hand function tests were obtained pre- and postoperatively and compared between those with and without postoperative complications. Results : Sixteen patients (16/35%) in the CP group and seven (7/35%) in the NCP group (p=0.021) had postoperative complications. Adjacent segment degeneration (p=0.021), postoperative motor weakness (p=0.037), and revisions (p=0.003) were significantly more frequent in the CP group than in the NCP group; however, instrument-related complications were not significantly higher in the CP group (7/35 vs. 5/35, p=0.280). The number of preoperative fixed cervical deformities were significantly higher in CP with postoperative complications (5/16 vs. 1/19, p=0.037). In the CP group, clinical outcomes were almost similar between those with and without postoperative complications. Conclusion : The occurrence of complications during the follow-up period was high in patients with CP. However, postoperative complications did not significantly affect clinical outcomes.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.257-261
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• 2004

Recently, Pb free solder technologies are developed, and start using for many packaging items. But this technology contains many problems. They are very high re-flow temperature and high cost than normal solder paste. Specially, high re-flow temperature effects heavy damage to packaging and occur many crack to packaging. We developed special ACI (anisotropic conductive ink) that becomes substitution of solder paste. This technology cans adhesive lower temperature such as $120\~150^{\circ}C$. Adhesion time is very short, too. This technology is suitable for mass production.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.21 no.6 s.102
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• pp.20-31
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• 2006

본 고에서는 향후 NGN 환경에서 실시간 음성 서비스 등과 같이 일정 레벨의 품질을 반드시 보장해 주어야 하는 서비스 제공을 위해서 제공중인 서비스의 QoS에 영향을주지 않는 조건으로 새로운 연결이 원하는 QoS를 만족시키면서 그 연결을 수용할 수있는지의 여부를 결정하는 자원 승인 제어에 대한 표준화 동향과 당 연구팀에서 개발중인 NCP 기반으로 실제 네트워크에서 적용하고자 하는 자원 승인 제어 시나리오에 대하여 기술하였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.353-359
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• 2013

Purpose: Extensive research is actively ongoing for development of an ideal bone substitute that meets the gold standard. Tooth was selected as a donor site for evaluation of potentials in bone substitutes based on its similar chemical compositions to alveolar bone. Previous studies have evaluated inorganic components of autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) and osteoconductivity. In continuation from the previous studies, the current study was conducted for analysis of organic components and evaluation of osteoinductivity of AutoBT. Methods: Forty-six extracted teeth were collected from actual patients (Korea Tooth Bank, R&D Institute). Extracted teeth were processed into AutoBT and implanted in dorsal subcutaneous muscular tissues of 15 athymic mice. Biopsy samples were harvested at two, five, and eight weeks. The Bradford assay, sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gradient gel, and western blotting were performed for investigation of organic contents of AutoBT. Results: Histology analyses showed signs of new bone formation as early as two weeks. Results of the Bradford assay indicated the existence of noncollagenous proteins (NCP). 0.29% (2.89 mg/g) of proteins were extracted by weight in the root portion of AutoBT; 0.02% (0.029 mg/g) and 1.79% (17.93 mg/g) of proteins were measured by weight in crown and block-form of AutoBT, respectively. However, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 was not observed in AutoBT. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the current study, AutoBT induced new bone formation by NCP embedded in dentin.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

문제: 순천향대학교병원에서 개발된 영양검색도구를 이용한 검색 결과 본원에 입원하는 암환자들의 약 30%가 중등도이상의 영양불량위험을 가지고 있는 것으로 조사되었으나 이들 암환자의 치료 효과를 높이기 위한 전문화된 영양관리과정(Nutrition Care Process NCP)이 순천향대학교병원 영양과에는 마련되어 있지 않다. 목적: 본원에 내원하는 암 환자를 위한 암 영양교육프로그램과 암으로 입원하는 환자에게 제공할 영양식을 개발 적용으로 병원식의 섭취율 향상과 환자의 영양불량 정도가 개선되어 치료효과를 증진시킬 수 있도록 하기 위함이다. 의료기관: 서울시 한남동 소재 순천향 대학교 병원 질 향상 활동: 암과 관련된 전문적인 영양정보제공을 위해 교육자료 개발과 암환자 교육 상담 프로그램, 교육수가 등을 정하여 비급여 수가 교육 항목을 신설하고 입원환자를 위한 암영양식 식단을 개발하여 이를 특이식으로 처방할 수 있도록 마련하였다. 개선효과: 본원 의료진의 암환자 영양상담 의뢰 건수는 개선활동을 시행하기 전 2008년 5~6월에 월평균 2건에서 활동시행 후 8~12월에 월평균 13건으로 증가하였고, 암영양식은 식사를 적용하기 시작한 2008년 8월부터 12월까지 처방건수가 꾸준히 늘어났으며, 8월~9월 암영양식을 섭취한 암환자 그룹과 일반식을 섭취한 암환자 그룹의 병원식 섭취율은 88%, 67%로 암영양식을 섭취하는 그룹에서 더 높게 나타났고 식사에 대한 만족도에서도 (5점척도 기준) 평균 4.2점, 3.1점으로 조사되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.763-768
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• 2005

Bare-chip packaging becomes more popular along with the miniaturization of IT components. In this paper, we have studied flip-chip process, and developed automated bonding system. Among the several bonding method, NCP bonding is chosen and batch-type equipment is manufactured. The dual optics and vision system aligns the chip with the substrate. The bonding head equipped with temperature and force controllers bonds the chip. The system can be easily modified for other bonding methods such as ACF In bonding process, the bonding forte and temperature are known as the most dominant bonding parameters. A parametric study is performed for these two parameters. For the test sample, we used standard flip-chip test kit which consists of FR4 boards and dummy flip-chips. The bonding test was performed fur two types of flip-chips with different chip size and lead pitch. The bonding temperatures are chosen between $25^{\circ}C\;to\;300^{\circ}C$. The bonding forces are chosen between 5N and 300N. The bonding strength is checked using bonding force tester. After the bonding force test, the samples are examined by microscope to determine the failure mode. The relations between the bonding strength and the bonding parameters are analyzed and compared with bonding models. Finally, the most suitable bonding condition is suggested in terms of temperature and force.