• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.129-137
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Tetsugakudo Kouen Collective Housing Development Project in Japan. Project implemented cooperatively by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government in charge of river management, Shinjuku and Nakano-ku responsible for park management, and the UR, a housing project developer. This project set a significant precedent for three-dimensional river use by realizing the three-dimensional integrated development of a flood control reservoir, a park, and collective housing. The major effectiveness of this project can be summarized into four points. 1) The costs borne by individual project developers were significantly reduced by realizing a high degree of application and multipurpose use of the land through a joint project. 2) This project, which was designed to accommodate rainfall of 30 to 40mm per hour, is expected to contribute to reducing flood damage and generating significant investment effects, in terms of asset value in downstream areas, thereby increasing flood control security. 3) Local disaster prevention function were enhanced by providing an evacuation site in the case of an earthquake. 4) The living environment was improved by adding the function of a park.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.153-158
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• 2003

This thesis deal with ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. PZT/Ferrite ceramics were made by the making process using PZT powder and garnet ferrite powder. PZT and ferrite are mixed as much 90%-10%, 50%-50%, and so on. After making samples, we are polishing samples until thickness is 0.1~0.2mm. We measured all kinds of samples in room temperature and applied magnetic field from -4500 to 4500 Oersted and conducted test of magnetical and electrical measurement using VSM and lpC resolution electrometer calibrated with RT66A pulsed tester. From this measurement, we can calculate tunability of these samples using C value obtained from P-E loop. As a result, it was able to measure magnetic characteristic when two matter had each other component ratio, and it was compound. However, it confirmed the possibility that was able to have ferroelectric characteristic with you in PZT 90% and ferrite 10%. Therefore, If this thing comes for PZT 50% and ferrite 50% have ferroelectric characteristic as him in a compound sample ore, can use this in an oscillator, supersonic waves detector in addition to a piezoelectric element. It may contribute to multipurpose of an element and demands such as a miniaturization of equipment, efficiency, reduce of a price which can use a characteristic of two components.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.211-221
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• 2006

Purpose The aims of this study were to evaluate micro-tensile bond strength of composite resin bonded to dentin following high-speed rotary handpiece preparation or Er:YAG laser preparation with two different adhesive systems and to assess the influence of different Er:YAG laser energies on the micro-tensile bond strength. Materials and Methods In this study, 40 third morlars were used. Flat dentin specimans were obtained and randomly assigned to eight groups. Dentin surfaces were prepared with one of four cutting types: carbide bur, Er:YAG laser (2 W, 3 W and 4 W) and conditioned with two bonding systems, Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus (SM), Clearfil SE bond (SE) and composite resin-build ups were created. After storage for 24 hours, each specimen was serially sectioned perpendicular to the bonded surface to produce more than thirty slabs in each group. Micro-tensile bond strength test was performed at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Micro-tensile bond strengths (${\mu}TBS$) were expressed as means$\pm$SD. Data were submitted to statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls' multiple comparison test and t-test. Results and Conclusion 1. Regardless of bonding systems, the ${\mu}TBS$ according to cutting types were from highest to lowest : 3 W, 2 W, Bur, and 4 W. In addition, there was no significant difference between Bur and 4 W (p<0.001). 2. Regardless of cutting types, SM showed significantly higher ${\mu}TBS$ than SE (p<0.001). 3. Bonding to dentin conditioned with SM resulted in higher ${\mu}TBS$ for 3 W compared to Bur, 2 W, and 4 W. There was no significant difference between 2 W and Bur (p<0.001). 4. Bonding to dentin conditioned with SE resulted in higher ${\mu}TBS$ for 3 W compared to 2 W, 4 W, and Bur. Bur exhibited significant lower ${\mu}TBS$ than all other cutting types. There were no significant differences between 3 W, 2 W and between 4 W and Bur (p<0.001). 5. The ${\mu}TBS$ of laser cutting groups were shown in order from highest to lowest: 3 W, 2 W and 4 W in two bonding systems. There was no significant difference between 2 W and 3 W in SE (p<0.001). : The ${\mu}TBS$ of composite resin bonded dentin was significantly affected by interaction between the cutting type and bonding system. In the range of 2 W-3 W, cavity preparation of the Er:YAG laser seems to supply good adhesion of composite resin restoration no less than bur preparation. In particular, if you want to use the self-etching system, including Clearfil SE bond for the purpose of a simplification of the bonding procedures and prevention of adverse effects by excessive etching, an Er:YAG laser may offer better adhesion than a bur.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.219-224
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• 2008

"Charmdlerak" a new high-quality Korean wheat, was produced with production management from the Rural Development Administration (RDA). We evaluated the characteristics of grain, flour, and end-use quality of "Charmdlerak" wheat to assess consumer satisfaction with this new variety of wheat. Eighty-two farmers (450MT/100 ha) in Gwangju metropolitan city produced Keumkangmil wheat and 23 farmers (30 ha) produced "Charmdlerak" wheat "Charmdlerak" wheat had 1.55% ash content and 11.0-13.0% protein content "Charmdlerak" flour was milled by a commercial machine in Samyang Milmax. The protein content of "Charmdlerak" was slightly higher than that of flour from Hard Red Winter Wheat (HRWW), the most popular multipurpose flour in Korea. The ash content and color of "Charmdlerak" wheat were similar to those of HRWW. End-use quality testing of cooked noodles and bread indicated that "Charmdlerak" flour resulted in softer noodles and similar bread loaf volume compared with products made from Keumkangmil wheat.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

The Near Infrared region of the energy spectrum was first discovered by Hershel in the year 1800. The principles of NIR is based on light absorption of specific organic chemical bonds. The absorption at each wavelength is measured and a spectre is obtained. The spectre is then treated mathematically and with the absorption data is converted to absolute units via a calibration. In the last two decades it has developed dramatically. With the invention of computers and the ability to treat a large amount of data in a very short time the use of NIR for many different purposes has developed very fast. During the last decade with the aid of very powerful PC's the application of NIR technology has become even more widespread. Now or days development of very robust calibrations can be done in a relatively short time with a minimum of resources. The use of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) in the Meat industry is relatively new. The first installations were taken into operation in the 80ties. The Meat Industry in often referred to as rather conservative and slow to embrace new technologies, they stay with the old and proven methods. The first NIR instruments used by the Meat Industry, and most other industries, were multipurpose build, which means that the sample presentation was not well suited to this particular application, or many other applications for that sake. As the Meat Industry grows and develops to meet the demands of the modern markets, they realise the need for better control of processes and final products. From the early 90 ties and onward the demand for 'rear time' rapid results starts growing, and some suppliers of NIR instruments (and instruments based on other technologies, like X-ray) start to develop and manufacture instrumentation dedicated to the particular needs of the Meat Industry. Today it is estimated that there are approximately 2000 rapid instruments placed in the Meat industry world-wide. By far most of these are used as at-line or laboratory installations, but the trend and need is moving towards real on-line or in-line solutions. NIR is the most cost effective and reproducible analytical procedure available for the twenty first century.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.67-78
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• 2021

This is a study on the structural changes of the tumulus and causes setting up a Sabangseok at the front of the tumulus at the royal tomb in the JoSeon dynasty, during the 17th~18th centuries. The Sabangseok was first used in the tumulus of Mongnueng(穆陵) in 1630. It is a multipurpose stone for boundary, foundation of the tumulus and blocking the sliding down of the tumulus. It was set up, when constructing a Yeongneung(寧陵) in 1673. But the vast spill of tumulus soil made it improve structure of the Sabangseok. Consequently, when the Yeongneung was re-constructed, the structure of the tumulus was fundamentally improved. The soil layer on the lime of the subterranean chamber became eliminated. Also the lime of the tumulus and the lime of the subterranean chamber became a united structure. The Sabangseok was still used until 1757 on account of precedents, although it would become unnecessary after structural improvement of the tumulus in 1673. In 1757, Yeongjo(The 21th monarch of the Joseon Dynasty) commanded repeal on the use of the Sabangseok, when constructing the Hongneung(tomb of Queen Jeongseong). The decision and discussions about abolition on the use of the Sabangseok was recorded in Gukjosangryebopyeon.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.272-284
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• 1992

As a preliminary step toward the development of a multipurpose electrostatic separator for agricultural use, this study investigated the effect of moisture level, geometrical characteristics and the electric field strength of a charging device on the electrostatic charging of brown rice, unhulled paddy, small stones and broken rice that are produced during the milling process. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Average electrostatic charge per unit mass of paddy is greater than that of brown rice. 2. Charge per unit mass of rice kernel increases linearly with moisture content and electric field strength of the charging device, presenting no correlations with length or thickness of rice kernel. 3. Frequency distributions in electrostatic charge per unit mass of paddy and brown rice kernels indicated that the portion, not overlapped, ranged from 10 to 29% with Japonica rice and from 32 to 49% with Indica rice. 4. The difference in moisture content between paddy and brown rice must be over 6%, if they are to be electrostatically separated to over 95%. 5. Theoretical portions of brown rice to be separated from a mixture primarily by the electrostatic charge and secondarily by the length or by the thickness were 95~100% and 27~76%, respectively. 6. Frequency distribution of electrostatic charge for broken kernels overlapped that of paddy and brown rice, which the small stones didn't.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.463-470
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• 2007

Each on-board equipment providing navigational and engine information has different signals. These signals should be analyze, be transformed to the standard digital form and be transmitted to each client on board through the earlier developed ILU (integrated LAN unit). Therefore this paper was to analyze the signals of each equipment for navigation and engine and was to use the serial technology necessary for the equipment and IDU (information display unit). And this paper was then to develop an SIU (ship's interface unit) and to test it onboard.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.62-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to make a basic study of a small theater planned to be built on the university campus for the exclusive use of performing arts. For this, the documents and records of small theaters in Seoul was first reviewed. And then, some selected theaters among small theaters opened since 2000 was examined and analyzed by their blueprints, design maps and actual measurement on the spot. Since 1990s, the increase in per capital income, the advancement of culture and arts, and the accompanying increase in demand have prompted universities to open performing arts courses. Going beyond the concept of a multipurpose auditorium a space devoted to professional performances has been increasingly needed by many universities. Small theaters that have been the subjects of study have become extinct or changed for other uses due to the rapid changes in the performing environment. This research examined theaters that have opened since 2000 and analyzed the data on their stages and seats. This study is intended for providing preliminary data for building of a small theater on the university campus.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.409-412
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• 2006

Today's commercial high resolution satellite imagery such as IKONOS and QuickBird, offers the potential to extract useful spatial information for geographical database construction and GIS applications. Recognizing this potential use of high resolution satellite imagery, KARI is performing a project for developing Korea multipurpose satellite 3(KOMPSAT-3). Therefore, it is necessary to develop techniques for various GIS applications of KOMPSAT-3, using similar high resolution satellite imagery. As fundamental studies for this purpose, we focused on the extraction of 3D spatial information and the update of existing GIS data from QuickBird imagery. This paper examines the scheme for rectification of high resolution image, and suggests the convenient semi-automatic algorithm for extraction of 3D building information from a single image. The algorithm is based on triangular vector structure that consists of a building bottom point, its corresponding roof point and a shadow end point. The proposed method could increase the number of measurable building, and enhance the digitizing accuracy and the computation efficiency.