• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.74-78
• /
• 2007

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major problem in cancer chemotherapy and has often ended up with termination of the therapy. The aim of this study was to identify any fractions of Korean red ginseng that would be effective in modulating for MDR. Although ginsenosides have been reviewed as possible MDR modulators, the MDR modulation activity of the other component is unknown. Therefore, a red ginseng was extracted with methanol, ether, ethylacetate, and n-butanol, followed by several fractionations by silica gel chromatography. And the activity of MDR modulating for these fractions was examined via sulforrhodamine B assay. We have found that several ether fractions, as nonsaponin components are effective on MDR modulation. We have expect that these results helpful to improvement of cancer chemotherapy.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.439-445
• /
• 2016

In this paper, we consider subcarrier-index modulation (SIM) for precoded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a few activated subcarriers per user and its generalization to multi-carrier multiple access systems. The resulting multiple access is called sparse index multiple access (SIMA). SIMA can be considered as a combination of multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) and SIM. Thus, SIMA is able to exploit a path diversity gain by (random) spreading over multiple carriers as MC-CDMA. To detect multiple users' signals, a low-complexity detection method is proposed by exploiting the notion of compressive sensing (CS). The derived low-complexity detection method is based on the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm, which is one of greedy algorithms used to estimate sparse signals in CS. From simulation results, we can observe that SIMA can perform better than MC-CDMA when the ratio of the number of users to the number of multi-carrier is low.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.702-713
• /
• 2019

Multilevel Inverters (MLIs) are widely used in medium voltage applications due to their various advantages. In addition, there are numerous types of MLIs for such applications. However, the diode-less 3-level (3L) T-type Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) MLI is the most advantageous due to its low conduction losses and high potential efficiency. The power circuit of a 3L T-type NPC is derived by the conventional two level inverter by a slight modification. In order to explore the MLI performance for various Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) schemes, this paper examines the operation of a 3L (five level line to line) T-type NPC MLI for various types of Multi-Carriers Pulse Width Modulation (MCPWM) schemes. These PWM schemes are compared in terms of their voltage profile, total harmonic distortion (THD) and conduction losses. In addition, a 3L T-type NPC MLI is also compared with the conventional NPC in terms of number of switches, clamping diodes, main diodes and capacitors. Moreover, the capacitor-balancing problem is also investigated using the Neutral Point Fluctuation (NPF) method with all of the MCPWM schemes. A 1kW 3L T-type NPC MLI is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and implemented experimentally and its performance is tested with a 1HP induction motor. The results indicate that the 3L T-type NPC MLI has better performance than conventional NPC MLIs.

• 전자공학회논문지
• /
• 제52권1호
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2015

본 논문에서는 FTN (Faster than Nyquist) 방식을 이용한 데이터 전송기법에서 효율적으로 ISI (Inter Symbol Interference)를 제거하기 위한 기법을 제안한다. FTN 방식을 이용한 통신 시스템은 나이퀴스트 (Nyquist) 율 보다 빠르게 신호를 전송하는 방식으로 필연적으로 ISI가 발생한다. FTN 시스템에서 ISI를 제거하기 위한 여러 방안들이 제안되었으며 대표적으로 BCJR (Bahl-Cocke-Jelinek-Raviv) 알고리듬 기반의 ISI 제거 기법을 들 수 있다. 그러나 제안된 기법들은 매우 큰 구현 복잡도를 갖으며, 특히 고차 변조 기법을 사용할 경우 복잡도는 변조 차수에 따라 지수적으로 증가하는 단점이 있다. 구현복잡도를 줄이기 위하여 길쌈부호가 적용된 시스템에서 SIC (Successive Interference Cancellation) 기법을 이용하여 ISI를 제거하는 기법이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 반복 복호가 가능한 채널 부호화 기법과 고차 변조가 적용된 시스템에서 복호기에서 생성된 정보를 이용하여 FTN 복조를 효율적으로 수행할 수 있는 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법은 기존에 제안된 기법들에 비하여 낮은 구현 복잡도를 나타낼 뿐만 아니라 우수한 ISI 추정 성능으로 인하여 주어진 신호 대 잡음비 (Signalto-Noise Ratio) 영역에서 보다 나은 비트오율 (Bit Error Rate) 성능을 나타낸다. 또한 고차 변조 기법이 적용된 시스템에서도 큰 복잡도 증가 없이 적용이 가능하다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2010

다중 부호 변조는 무선 환경에서 고속의 데이터 전송을 위해 개발되었지만 직교 부호(OC)의 제한된 자원과 높은 평균 전력 대 최대 전력 비(PAPR)와 같은 치명적인 두 가지 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 위와 같은 문제점을 해결하고 사용자의 요구된 서비스 질(QoS)에 따라 네 가지 변수들로 조절 할 수 있는 가변성 고속 비트율을 얻기 위하여 AOCG(Advanced Orthogonal Code Group)-OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 이라 부르는 새로운 변조 기술을 제안한다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 2004

We present a multi-Gbit/s digital I/O interface based on RF-modulation and capacitive-coupling over an impedance matched transmission line. The RF-interconnect(RFI) can greatly reduce the digital switching noise and eliminate the dc power dissipation over the channel. It also enables reduced signal amplitude(as low as 200 ㎷) with enhanced data rate and affordable circuit overhead. This paper addresses the system advantages and implementation issues of RFI. A prototype on-chip RFI transceiver is implemented in 0.18-${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS. It demonstrates a maximum data rate of 2.2 Gbit/s via 10.5-㎓ RF-modulation. The RFI can be very instrumental for future high-speed inter- and intra-ULSI data links.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제13권9호
• /
• pp.4502-4517
• /
• 2019

Tone Injection (TI) scheme significantly reduces the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of Multicarrier Modulation (MCM). However, the computational complexity of the TI scheme rises exponentially with the extra freedom constellation number. Therefore, a novel immune evolutionary mechanism-based TI scheme is proposed in this paper to reduce the computational complexity. By restraining undesirable degeneracy during the processing, this IEM scheme can dramatically increase the population fitness. Monte Carlo results show that proposed IEM-based TI scheme can achieve a significant PAPR and BER improvement with a low complexity.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2006

Quadrature amplitude modulation-spread spectrum (QAM-SS) and code division multiplexing (CDM) are multi-level modulation schemes with high performance but they cause a large peak-average power ratio (PAPR). Therefore, this paper proposes a novel modulation scheme for high-rate transmission which follows a sequence of CDM-mapping-CDM not only to correct the above-mentioned problem but also offer a high flexibility in obtaining arbitrary multilevel modulation with very low implementation complexity and high performance.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.489-500
• /
• 2014

This paper presents a simple modified unipolar carrier-based pulsewidth modulation (CB-PWM) strategy for the three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) voltage source inverter (VSI). Analytical expressions for the relationship between modulation reference signals and output voltages are derived. The proposed modulation technique for the three-level NPC VSI includes the maximum and minimum of the three-phase sinusoidal reference voltages with zero-sequence voltage injection concept. The proposed modified CB-PWM strategy incorporates a novel method that requires only of one triangular carrier wave for generate the gating pulses in three-level NPC VSI. It has the advantages of being simplifying the algorithm with no need of complex two/multi-carrier pulsewidth modulation or space vector modulation (SVM) and it's also simple to implement. The possibility of the proposed CB-PWM technique has been verified though computer simulation and experimental results.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2012년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.627-628
• /
• 2012