• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.601-613
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• 1997

This project was conducted using a survey method and through interviewing with four persons aged 60 years and over. An interview with an open-ended questionnaire was also used for elderly persons, families, oriental medicine doctor and nurses. topic-related literature review was also done. In total, 382 statements were derived. For content validity, nursing professionals were involved in this study, From that 48 items are developed. The subjects were 340 elderly persons over 60 years old. Data were collected duicing February and March 1997 and analyzed using the SPSS package The result are as follows. 1. Items with low Cronbach Coefficient alpha which means low correlation with total items were removed. 2. Factor analysis was done in order to confirm construct validity and eight factors were obtained from the results. The first factor, 'positive cognition of the aging process', the second factor, 'relationship network' the third factor, 'maintanence of physical functioning, the fourth factor', 'maintanence of peaceful mind' the fifth factor, 'keeping up with daily tasks' the sixth factor, 'continuous adequate body movement' the seventh factor,'involvement of religion in the elderly person's life and the eight factor', 'appropriate resting'. Cronbach Coefficient alpha for the 33 items was .9127 Based on the result, the following is suggested 1. It is anrticipated that the fundamental health of elderly person could be promoted by assessing healthy behaviors of elderly person with this assessment tool. 2. Further studies could be derived from this research. 3. Validity of this assessment tool should be further tested with and a larger sample of elderly person including in-patient elderly persons as well as nursing home residents.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.896-901
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• 2002

The polarization and strain behavior of multilayer ceramic actuators fabricated by tape casting using a PNN-PZT ceramics were investigated in association with electrode size and internal layer number. Spontaneous polarization and strain decreased with increasing electrode size. In addition, the increase of internal layer number brought reduced spontaneous polarization and increased the field-induced strain. Because the actuators structure is designed to stack ceramic layer and electrode layer alternatively, the ceramic-electrode interfaces may act as a resistance to motion of domain wall. To analyze the effect of ceramic-electrode interface, the diffraction intensity ratio of (002) to (200) planes was calculated from X-ray diffraction patterns of samples subjected to a voltage of 200 V. The diffraction intensity ratio of (002) to (200) planes was decreased with increasing electrode size and internal layer number. The diffraction intensity ratio and straining behavior analyses indicate that the Polarization and strain were affected by the amount of 90°domain decreasing with increasing electrode size and internal layer number. Consequently, the change of polarization and displacement with respect to electrode size and layer number is likely to be caused by readiness of the domain wall movement around the interface.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.51-69
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• 2011

본 논문은 터널 굴착에 따른 상부교량 말뚝기초의 거동 변화를 3차원 수치해석을 통하여 분석하였다. 또한 터널의 심도변화에 따른 상부 말뚝기초 거동의 변화를 분석하기 위하여 직경이 10 m인 터널의 심도에 대한 매개변수 분석을 수행하였다. 해석결과를 이용하여 지반 변위, 말뚝기초의 연직변위, 터널 굴착 직각방향 및 굴착방향 변위, 기초의 축력변화 등을 분석하였으며, 이 분석 결과를 토대로 터널의 굴착면의 위치에 따른 교량 기초의 지지거동 변화를 알아보았다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.245-257
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• 1998

The characteristics of health behavior related pregnancy and childbirth have reflected on the cultural belief and value in the society. The efforts for women's health promotion through the current illumination of the traditional health care are the prompting assignment to be in nursing. The process of motherhood already progress before the motherhood actually. The functional state as the expectant mother can be the important predicting factor of the postpartum state, the quality of a married life. Motherhood was analyzed by Walker and Avant's method to clarify the concept 'to be a mother' using the various concepts like Koreans' Taekyo, transition to motherhood, maternal identity, maternal role attainment, maternal fetal attachment, and maternal fetal interaction. Upon the concept analysis, naturalness, responsibility, attachment, readiness, controllability were identified as the defining characteristics of motherhood. The antecedents of motherhood were consist of maternal affection, positive self esteem, pregnancy acceptance, fetus recognition and the consequences of motherhood were consist of positive maternal identity, maternal fetal attachment, confidence about the maternal role, the healthy mother and the healthy baby. The empirical referents of motherhood were consists of recognition of motherhood, expectation about motherhood, fetal recognition with ultrasonography and fetal movement, experience of unification between mother and fetus, expression of affection to the fetus, concern about fetal health, concern and practice about Taekyo, adaptation behavior about physical change and discomfort due to pregnancy. Therefore it is necessary to develop the instruction program of motherhood including the defining attributes identified in this study.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2016

Disinfectant/oxidation process is a crucial process in water treatment for supplying safe drinking water. Chlorination is still widely used for water treatment area due to its effectiveness on microbial inactivation and economic feasibility. Recently, disinfection concern in marine environment is increasing, for example, movement of hazardous marine organism due to ballast water, marine environmental degradation due to power plant cooling water discharge, and increase of the amount of disinfectant in the offshore plant. It is needed to conduct the assessment of disinfectant behavior and the development of disinfectant prediction model in seawater. The appropriate prediction model for disinfectant behavior is not yet provided. The objective of the study is to develop chlorine decay model in seawater. Various model types were applied to develop the seawater chlorine decay model, such as first order decay model, EPA model, and two-phase model. The model simulation indicated that chlorine decay in seawater is influenced by both organic and inorganic matter in seawater. While inorganic matter has a negative correlation with the chlorine decay, organic matter has a positive correlation with the chlorine decay.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 1990

해상공사를 하므로써 발생하는 현탁물질은 공사 주변 환경변화에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러므로 해역에서 토사투하에 따른 탁수괴의 거동을 규명하는 것은 대단히 중요하다. 토사투하할 때 일어나는 유동은 퇴적현상에 영향을 미친다고 생각되어, 탁수괴의 낙하특성과 퇴적형상과의 관련성에 대하여 실험하였다. 탁수괴의 높이 변화, 길이 변화, 이동속도 변화, 탁수괴 선단부의 이동시간, 탁수괴의 운행계수, 현상계수, 토사의 퇴적형상에 대해서 알아보았다. 그 결과, 토사투하의 거동은 토사투하량이 투하토사 입경에 비하여 많을 경우 대기권에서 일어나는 난류 Thermal 현상과 유사하다는 것을 알았다. 따라서 토사투하시의 유체역학적 지배방정식은 난류 Thermal 이론으로 대신할 수 있다는 것을 알았다.

• 폴리머
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.492-500
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• 2002

일반 PAN 섬유를 $240^{\circ}C$에서 산화시킨 후 1 N NaOH 수용액에서 가수분해시켜 oxidized-PAN 섬유 (oxy-PAN)를 제조하였다. 산과 염기용액에서의 oxy-PAN 섬유의 구조를 $^{13}C-NMR$ 분광분석법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 가수분해에 의하여 -COOH 기를 포함하는 oxy-PAN 섬유는 산과 염기 수용액에서 수축 및 팽창 거동을 하였는데, 염기성 수용액에서는 반대전하로 작용하는 $Na^+$이온이 물 분자와 함께 섬유 내부로 침투하면서 팽창하였으며, 산성 수용액에서는 $Na^+$이온이 물 분자와 함께 섬유 기부로 축출되면서 수축하였다. 친수성의 섬유내부로 산/염기 작용기가 자유롭게 침투하여 oxy-PA기 섬유의 화학적인 구조는 쉽게 변화된다는 것을 확인하였으며, 모폴로지도 pH에 의하여 영향을 받는다는 것을 관찰하였다.

• 연구논문집
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• 통권33호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2003

The effects of antimony addition on the microstructures and creep behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy have been investigated. Constant load creep tests were carried out at temperatures ranging from $150^{\circ}C$ to $200^{\circ}C$, and an initial stress of 50MPa for AZ31 alloys containing antimony up to 0.84% by weight. Results show that small additions of antimony to AZ31 effectively decreased the creep extension and steady state creep rates. The steady state creep rate of AZ31 was reduced 2.5 times by the addition of 0.84% of antimony. The steady state creep rate of AZ31-0.84Sb alloy was controlled by dislocation climb in which the activation energy for creep was 128 kJ/mole. The microstructure of as-cast AZ31-0.84%Sb alloy showed the presence of $Mg_3Sb_2$ precipitates dispersed throughout the matrix. The main reason for the higher creep resistance in AZ31-Sb alloys is due to the presence $Mg_3Sb_2$, which effectively hindered the movement of dislocations during the elevated temperature creep.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2000

Retaining walls are used to prevent excessive movement of retained soils. Typical retaining walls include gravity, reinforced concrete, reinforced earth and tie-back. However, from a practical viewpoint there are still drawbacks among these often constructed retaining walls. New types of retaining walls constructed with precast concrete blocks are proposed. This type of retaining wall is incorporates each blocks interconnected with adjacent block by connecting unit to build up a flexible retaining-wall system. This paper focus to behavior characteristics includes deformation and distribution of lateral earth pressure by loading tests and FEM analysis. For model tests, a 1/10 scale reduce models are manufactured include unevenness part, drainage hole and connecting unit and steel wire used to connect each blocks with adjacent block. To simulate the real retaining walls closely, uneven parts are interconnected each other and the construction type of blocks and wall front inclination are varied to investigate the relative displacement of individual block and the location of maximum deformation of wall as increasing surcharging. Additionally, PENTAGON3D, which solve the geotechnical and other problem, used for verifying and comparing with model tests.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 손목형 가속도계를 이용하여 운동 가속도가 거의 없는 식사 행동을 인식하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 손목 방향에 작용하는 중력 가속도를 이용하여 중력 방향과 손목 방향 간의 각도를 구하고, 특정 각도 영역에서 첨두값과 첨미값이 존재하는 경우 손목이 왕복하는 동작을 검출한다. 손목 왕복 동작 발생 횟수를 누적하여 그 횟수가 10회 이상일 경우 검출 시점으로 5분 전까지 식사 시간으로 간주하며, 그 지속시간이 7분 이상인 경우에만 식사 시간으로 추론한다. 대학원생 4명으로부터 수집한 2128분 데이터를 통해 식사 시간을 추론한 결과 95.63%의 정확도를 보인다.