• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2022

This study dealt with a self-propelled spinach harvester, which is capable of carrying out sequential harvesting work. This study aimed to find the cause of the harvester's occasional performance deterioration, which occurs in the process of simplifying the hydraulic circuit, using a multi-domain analysis model. The study was carried out in the following manner. First, a hydraulic system analysis model, which combines linear motion, rotary motion, hydrodynamic behavior, and an electrical signal, was developed through SimulationX software, specialized in multi-domain analysis. Second, a scenario for single behavior and coupled behavior was set out on an actuator basis. Third, the flow rate of the hydraulic system, which is not required for the movement of the actuator, was quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that a change in oil temperature was the cause of the harvester's occasional performance deterioration. And the higher the oil temperature, the more serious the performance deterioration, especially as the number of actuators operated simultaneously was small.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.279-287
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• 2019

This study carried out a horticultural program for people with mental disabilities to determine suitability of the horticultural activity program and to actually apply to vocational rehabilitation. The program was carried out in 16 sessions from April 12 to June 7, 2018 with nine people with a strong will to participate in vocational rehabilitation at a health center for persons with mental disabilities. The tools used were the Horticultural Activity Performance Assessment (psychological behavior) and Purdue Pegboard Test that examines functions of hands and arms. The subjects sold the products they made during class time and obtained the profits. After the program, the scores increased with a significant difference (p = .000) in the psychological behavior area of the Horticultural Activity Performance Assessment. Hand and arm movement also showed continuous improvement along the program with a significant difference (p = .000), as well as finger dexterity also with a significant difference (p = .018). The net profit was 314,000 KRW (subtracting cost of goods 314,000 KRW from total sales 628,000 KRW). The profit was shared equally among the nine subjects, each receiving 34,900 KRW. Therefore this study proved horticultural activity class is suitable for vocational rehabilitation of people with mental disabilities proved by the positive effects. We also expect that the subjects will be able to make more profits if they learn more skills, since they are interested the process of making such profits.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.1053-1064
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• 2023

Melatonin, which is produced from tryptophan, exerts various biological functions, including the regulation of circadian rhythm, sedative agents, and antioxidant ability. Therefore, we conducted two experiments with early-weaned rats and pigs to investigate the antioxidant and sedative effects of melatonin. In the rat experiment, a total of 42 rats (21 days old) were used, and the antioxidant capacity was determined. Next, we used 120 early-weaned piglets (21 days old) to conduct a 5-week experiment to evaluate the reductive effect of melatonin on energy-wasting movement, including roaming and fight states. Dietary melatonin supplementation significantly improved growth in both rats and pigs compared to the control groups. Additionally, rats fed a melatonin-supplemented diet showed advanced antioxidant capacity with a decrease in hepatic malondialdehyde concentration compared to rats fed a basal diet. Moreover, dietary melatonin ingestion increased resting and feeding behaviors and reduced roaming and fight behaviors during Days 8-21 compared to the control diet group. Collectively, early weaned animals given dietary melatonin supplementation showed improved growth through upregulation of hepatic antioxidant capacity and minimization of energy-wasting behavior, including roaming and fight states, after pigs' social hierarchy establishment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.11B no.3
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• pp.281-288
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• 2004

In order to extract and analyze complex features of the behavior of animals in response to external stimuli such as toxic chemicals, we implemented an adaptive computational method to characterize changes in the behavior of chironomids in response to treatment with the insecticide, diazinon. In this paper, we propose an energy minimization model to extract the features of response behavior of chironomids under toxic treatment, which is applied on the image of velocity vectors. It is based on the improved active contour model and the variations of the energy functional, which are produced by the evolving active contour. The movement tracks of individual chironomid larvae were continuously measured in 0.25 second intervals during the survey period of 4 days before and after the treatment. Velocity on each sample track at 0.25 second intervals was collected in 15-20 minute periods and was subsequently checked to effectively reveal behavioral states of the specimens tested. Active contour was formed around each collection of velocities to gradually evolve to find the optimal boundaries of velocity collections through processes of energy minimization. The active contour which is improved by T. Chan and L. Vese is used in this paper. The energy minimization model effectively revealed characteristic patterns of behavior for the treatment versus no treatment, and identified changes in behavioral states .is the time progressed.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.431-438
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• 2004

The purpose of present study was to compare the sedative effect of intranasal and oral midazolam treatment. The study was conducted on twenty eight child patients who required at least two visits. All the patients showed a good physical status (ASA-I). The patient was randomly assigned to receive midazolam either intranasal (Group I, 0.25 mg/kg) or oral (Group II, 0.5mg/kg) route at each visit. Treatment procedure was divided into six stages. In each stage, sleep score, crying score, movement score and overall behavior score were evaluated. The overall results can be summarized as follows: 1. Through all treatment procedures, no significant difference was observed between Group I and Group II in terms of sleep, crying, movement and overall behavior index. 2. In a questionnaire to the parents, 67.8% of parents answered that the child suffered at intranasal administration, while only 17.7% of parents responded the same way at oral administration. 3. In a questionnaire regarding patients' behavior at home after midazolam treatment, 'Similar to normal behavior' was 78.6% in Group I and 57.1% in Group II, indicating that intranasal treatment of midazolam may be more effective for the recovery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.117-131
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to grasp the nature of health behavior to pactice in order to keep and improve the optimal health in the current status of the cancer patients. The subjects were 21 cancer patients, who knew about their disease for themselves, could communicate without mental disease history, and could understand the purpose of this study and cooperate, in a university hospital in Seoul. The data were collected by direct interview from July 15 to Oct. 17, 1994. The interview took about 1~2hours per one time for each paitent by unstructural and open questions. And they were classified into some similar contents on the basis of the phenomenological analysis and categorized. The analyzed results are as follows: 1) In the daily life before and after diagnosis as cancer patients, they were categorized into 6 areas-the state of movement, sleeping, nutrition and diet, society and economy, drinking and somking, and recognition of their health. 2) In the experience of health behavior of cancer patents, they were categorized into 7 areas-the state of movement, sleeping, nutrition and diet, society and economy, drinking and smoking, recognition of their health, and psychology etc. According to the analyzed results of daily life before diagnosis as cancer patients, it turned out that they didn't recognize the problems for their health habit and made their disease state bad by irresolute characteristics which hesitated to practice rightly, renunciation, and irresponsibility and so on, even if they had much interests in their health and were motivated. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and have an individual-centric interests in order to change the pattern of life for optimal health state to some extent. In the health behavior of cancer patients, it turned out that they had interests in the state of nutrition and diet the most. Even though they experienced the change of serious nutritive state due to the bad gastroenteric trouble by anticancer treatment, they were trying to have a regular eating habit refraining from irritant food and use folk remedies or healthy food temperating the taste food thoroughly, they also showed the sensitive response for nutrition. In addition, they appeared to use the traditional medical treatment or the folk remedies very seriously without abuse. In consideration of it, it is desirable to use them together with the modern medical treatment intercomplementarily and necessary to look into the types for cancer patients and their benefits.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-116
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to describe mother -infant interacting behavior patterns related to newborn infant feeding and to explore the mother's cultural belief about their infant. The data collection was conducted by observation and interview. Twenty-five mothers and their newborn infants who were normally delivered and were also planned to breast feed were comprised as the subjects of this study. All subjects were interviewed and observed individuaily at 1 to 5 days after the delivery at the hospital, mid -wife's clinic, Maternal Child Health Center and their home throughout the country from remote area to big city, The observation data were recorded with symbolic letter on a recording sheet newly developed as a result of preliminary study. The interview data were taperecorded and then recorded in narrative form. Mother - infant interaction behaviors in early feeding period were analyzed based on 19 analytic sub-categories and their composing elements. Unit of analysis were mother, infant and mother -infant dyad. 8 analytic categories draw from the data. Each were preparation, instrument, interaction inducing, evaluation referred to mother's behavior, preparation, instrument, interaction inducing referred to infant's behavior and synchronic behaviors referred to mother - infant dyad. Frequencies of behavior items based on the categories were converted to percent. The result showed that in mother's preparation behavior, the breast condition of Korean mother can be an affecting factor for mother - infant interaction during feeding, and vocalization behavior was observed most frequently in interaction inducing behavior while the least frequent behavior observed was contacting. Subcultural characteristics of mother - infant interaction behaviors were analyzed for their relationships between groups of mothers who have lived in remote area vs urban area, and who were multipara vs primipara. Using a chi -square test, there were statistically significant relationships in the activity of psychological readiness in preparation behavior and the movement of extremities for the position of instrumental behavior in both groups. However, interaction inducing behaviors were not related with statistical significance in any set of groups. Accomplishment of marriage, bonding and emotional mediation of family members were the categories related to mother's cultural belief about the infant in aspect of functional values. Infant at birth is considered little more than a biological organism without social capabilities. Although the newborn infant is still be attached to his mother, he makes his mother extend her territoriality. The mother's interacting behavior toward her infant based on those beliefs appeared task oriented, separative behavioral series. On the other hand, it was seen that infant reacted independently to his mother's behavior by the in-nate perceptual abilities. Those independent behavioral series of mother and infant on the feeding situation were synchronized at any moment. Nurses are In a unique position to teach mothers about their infant's capabilities and help reducing some of uncertainty about infant's behaviors. Study results indicated that the informations infant's social capabilities and breast feeding should be given to the mothers. The results of this study have several implications for nursing. First, the study results will be used as fundamental resources for the development of the assessment tool about the early mother - infant interaction. Second, the results could be a relevant information in the fied. I of maternal child nursing education as real and useful data. Third, the behavioral patterns of early mother - infant interaction which were classified based on the qualitative analysis could be used for nursing theory development as very fundamental data.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2002

This paper describes the smoke filling process of a fire field model based on a self-deve-loped SMEP (Smoke Movement Estimating Program) code to the simulation of fire induced flows in the two types of atrium space containing a ceiling heat flux. The SMEP using PISO algorithm solves conservation equations for mass, momentum, energy and species, together with those for the modified k-$\varepsilon$ turbulence model with buoyancy production term. Also it solves the radiation equation using the discrete ordinates method. Compressibility is assumed and the perfect gas law is used. Comparison of the calculated upper-layer average tempera-ture and smoke layer clear height with the zone models has shown reasonable agreement. The zone models used are the CFAST and the NBTC one-room. For atrium fires with ceiling glass the ceiling heat flux by solar heat causes a high smoke temperature near the ceiling. However, it has no effect on the smoke movement such as the smoke layer clear heights that are important in fire safety. In conclusion, the smoke layer clear heights that are important in evacuation activity except the early of a fire were not as sensitive as the smoke layer tem-perature to the nature of ceiling heat flux condition. Thus, a fire sensor in atrium with ceiling glass has to consider these phenomena.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2004

Objective : To evaluate the sensory processing ability in relation to parenting stress and find the sensory modulation areas affecting the parenting stress in disabled children Methods : Parents of 124 children with disabilities between 3 to 7 years receiving occupational therapy in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do made out the questionnaire and in items of questionnaire, Short Sensory Profile and Parenting Stress Index of short form was included. Results : Among general information, parenting stress of parents had significant correlation with the degree of disability and correlation with the lower level 2 of Parenting Stress Index. The more sensory processing disability was increased, the more parenting stress was increased. Parenting stress showed the significant correlation with movement sensitivity area and under-responsiveness/behaivor area seeking specific stimulation among sensory processing areas and had significant correlation with tactile sensitivity and auditory filtering. Sensory processing areas which affect the most the Parenting Stress were movement sensitivity and under-responsiveness/behaivor area seeking the specific behavior among sensory control disabilities. Conclusion : The parenting stress of parents with the disabled children had the correlation with sensory processing ability. The difficulty of sensory processing increased the parenting stress. Hence, in order to improve children's sensory processing ability, the appropriately coping program should be developed and the appropriate intervention for improvement of sensory processing ability of children will be necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.273-278
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• 2014

On poly and single crystalline Cu substrates, the graphene was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition(CVD). Optical microscopic images which were not possible to show the detailed characterization of graphene growth were adjusted and analyzed using image analyzing software. As a result it was possible to show the detailed growth mechanism of graphene by utilizing the image analysis. Nucleation of graphene on Cu grain boundary and its growth behavior into Cu grain are shown. In addition, the movement of graphene grain boundary interacting with Cu grain boundary and pinholes during growth was illustrated in detail, and the cause and result are discussed as a result of those interactions.