• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.570-576
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the effects of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf extract (MLE) on oxygen radicals and their scavenger enzymes in brain membranes of rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (160$\pm$10 g) were fed basic diet (control group), and experimental diets (MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups) added 100 and 300 mg/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Hydroxyl radical (.OH) lecels resulted in significant decreases (13.4% and 21.1%, 12.0% and 13.4%, respectively) in brain mitochondria and microsome of MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Superoxide radical ($O_2$) levels were significantly decreased about 12% in brain cytosol of MLE-300 group compared with control group. Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were effectively inhibited (18.1% and 12.3%, respectively) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were significantly decreased (14.2%, and 10.9%, respectively) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of MLE-300 groups compared with control group. Mn-SOD activities in brain mitochondria were significantly increased (13.5% and 18.6%, respectively) in MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups, and Cu/Zn-SOD activities in brain cytosol were also effectively increased (about 17.7%) in MLE-300 groups compared with control group. GSHPx activities in brain cytosol were remarkably increased (17.2% and 23.9%, respectively) in MLE-100 and MLE-300 groups compared with control group. These results suggest that anti-aging effect of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) may play a pivotal role in attenuating a various age-related changes in brain.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1002-1008
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• 2011

This study aimed to examine the effect of the Schizandra chinensis fruit and Morus alba leaf on insulin expression in HIT-T15 cells, which is exposed by glucose. The total polyphenol contents of the S. chinensis fruit ethanol extract and the M. alba leaf hot-water extract were $20.11{\pm}0.35$ mg/g and $50.02{\pm}0.62$ mg/mL, respectively. The S. chinensis fruit ethanol extract and the M. alba leaf hot-water extract contained $2.85{\pm}0.15$ and $8.76{\pm}0.43$ mg/g flavonoids, respectively. The antioxidant ability of the M. alba leaf hot-water extract was found to be superior to that of the S. chinensis fruit ethanol extract. Compared to the HIT-T15-treated 10 mM 2-deoxy-D-glucose, the $100{\mu}g/mL$ S. chinensis ethanol extract was found to have a two fold increase in insulin productivity. Moreover, the $100{\mu}g/mL$ M. alba leaf hot-water extract promoted the insulin secretion of high-glucose-damaged HIT-T15 almost ten fold. The above results showed that the S. chinensis fruit ethanol extract and M. alba leaf hot-water extract may improve the insulin productivity of the beta cell with glucose-induced oxidative damage. These data suggest that the S. chinensis fruit ethanol extract and the M. alba leaf hot-water extract can be used as food materials for the regulation of insulin secretion.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

To consider potentially new sources which have hypoglycemic effect and accelerating alcohol detoxification, this study was designed to investigate the effect of Crataegus fructus and Morns alba L. in alcohol-treated rats. I compared the body weight, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) of rats administered both alcohol and extract of experimental plants to rats treated with alcohol alone. Administration of extracts of C. fructus and M alba, respectively, resulted in a significant reduction in the blood glucose level and the activities of ADH of liver compared to the control rats, and administration of extract of M. alba showed significantly lower on bodyweight gain in the rats than in other treated rats. In contrast, the activities of ALDH of liver were increased. The activities of AST and ALT between the only alcohol-treated rats and the alcohol and experimental plants-treated rats were no significant difference. The results suggest that C. fructus and M alba have a hypoglycemic effect, and reduce liver damage by accelerating acetaldehyde metabolism in alcoholic rats, so the combined effect of C. fructus and M alba may be considered as an alternative remedy for hangovers, alcohol-induced overweight and alcohol-induced diabetes.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.153-155
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• 2015

The root barks of Morus alba L. were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH, and $H_2O$ fractions. The repeated silica gel, octadecyl silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies of the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions led to isolation of four phenolic compounds. The chemical structures of the compounds were determined as norartocarpanone (1), 2',4',7-trihydroxy-(2S)-flavanone (2), methyl ${\beta}$-resorcylate (3), and (Z)-oxyresveratrol-4-O-${\beta}$-$\small{D}$-glucopyranoside (4). Compound 4 was isolated for the first time from the root barks of M. alba L.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.539-544
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• 1994

Ethanol 75% extracts of Morus alba Linne(Ma) and Sophora flavescens AITON(Sf) were fractionated by chloroform($CHCl_{3}$), ethyl acetate(EtOAc), butanol(BuOH) and water. Each fractionate was added to tryptic soy broth varying in extract levels and 5 strains of Listeria monocytogenes(Lm) were inoculated in them for comparing growth inhibition at $32^{\circ}C$. The $CHCl_{3}$ and EtOAc fraction of Ma were superior in growth inhibition of 5 strains but only $CHCl_{3}$ fraction of Sf showed comparatively higher inhibition to Lm ATCC 19113. Lm ATCC 19111 and 19113 were totally inhibited by 500 ppm of EtOAc fraction and Lm ATCC 19112, 19114 and 15313 were also absolutely inhibited by 1000 ppm of $CHCl_{3}$ fraction of Ma 75% ethanol extract.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.187-190
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• 1998

The cytotoxic activity of MeOH extracts of the freeze-dried silkworm (Bombyx mori)-derived materials (4th instar larvae, female and mate pupae, virgin female and male adult), dried Beauveria bassiana-infected silkworm larvae, dried feces from the 4th instar larvae B. mori, and dried mulberry (Morus alba)-derived materials (leaves, fruits, root barks) in vitro was evaluated by sulforhodamine B assay, using the five human solid A 549 lung, SK-OV-2 ovarian, SK-MEL-2 melanoma, XF-498 CNS and HCT-15 colon tumor cell lines. The responses varied with both cell line and material used. The 70% hot MeOH extract of B. mori feces (BFH) revealed potent cytotoxic activity against model tumor cell lines whereas moderate activity was observed from the MeOH extract of B. mori feces. M. alba root barks, and M. alba fruits. The other test materials were ineffective. Because of its potent cytotoxic activity, the activity of each solvent fraction from the BFH was determined. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed the most potent cytotoxic activity. In conclusion, our results may be an indication of at least one of the pharmacological actions of B. mori feces. M. alba root barks, and M. alba fruits.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.104-125
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the anti-microbial of various herbal extracts on six types of bacteria related to skin diseases and effects of Saussurea lappa extract on dermatitis and acne. The results are followed ; 1. In the experiment on P. acnes using paper disk methods, Eugenia caryophyllata extract made 19mm clear zone, Saussurea lappa extract and Morus alba extract made 13mm and MIC of Morus alba extract and Eugenia caryophyllata extract was below 0.01$\%$. 2. In the experiment on S. aureus, extract of Eugenia caryophyllata, Poncirus trifoliata and Rubus coreanus made 9-10mm clear zone. 3. In the experiment on C. xerosis, Sesamum indicum extract made 16mm clear zone and MIC of that was 0.3$\%$. 4. In the experiment on C. albicans, extract of Cinnamomum cassia, Eugenia caryophyllata and Asparagus cochinchinensis made 9-10mm clear zone. 5. In the experiment on P. ovale, Cinnamomum cassia extract made 25mm clear one, MIC of that was 0.05$\%$. 6. In the experiment on T. mentagrophytes, Cinnamomum cassia extract made 26mm clear zone, extract of Eugenia caryophyllata, Rhizoma kaempferiae, Piper longum, Saussurea lappa and Zingiber officinale made 18-22mm clear zone, MIC of all extracts was below 0.02$\%$. 7. Saussurea lappa extract inhibited 85$\%$ and 28$\%$ of NO production at 50㎍／㎖ and 5 ㎍／㎖ 8. Saussurea lappa extract inhibited activity of COX Ⅱ over 50$\%$ at 10㎍／㎖ 9. Saussurea lappa extract had not radical scavenging activity and Saussurea lappa extract didn't inhibit manifestation of IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$, and activity of 50- reductase I.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.46-49
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• 2003

We examined crude drug that originated from Mulberry (Morus alba L., Family; Morceae) leaves containing many nutritional components, which are the best food source for silk worms. The anti-inflammatory effects of mulberry leaves using lipopolysaccaride -stimulated microglia BV-2 and macrophage Raw 264.7 cells were investigated. (omitted)

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.9-12
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• 1999

A new glycoprotein was purified from the aqueous methanolic extract of the root bark of Morus alba which has been used as a component of antidiabetic remedy in Oriental Medicine. SDS-PAGE result shows that the molecular weight of the glycoprotein was approximately 20 kDa. This new glycoprotein was named as Moran 20K. The protein lowered blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice model and it also increased the glucose transport in cultured epididymis fat cells. The amino acid composition of the protein was analyzed, and the protein contained above 20% serine and cysteine such as insulin. The actual molecular weight of the protein was determined as 21.858 Da by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy.

• Proceedings of the EASDL Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2003