• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.89-91
• /
• 2003

The determination of DNA hybridization reaction can apply the molecular biology research, clinic diagnostics, bioengineering, environment monitoring, food science and other application area. So, the improvement of DNA detection system is very important for the determination of this hybridization reaction. In this study, we report the characterization of the probe and target oligonucleotide hybridization reaction using the evanescent field microscopy. First, we have fabricated DNA chip microarray. The particles which were immobilized oligonucleotides were arranged by the random fluidic self-assembly on the pattern chips, using hydrophobic interaction. Second, we have detected DNA hybridization reaction using evanescent field microscopy. The 5'-biotinylated probe oligonucleotides were immobilized on the surface of DNA chip microarray and the hybridization reaction with the Rhodamine conjugated target oligonucleotide was excited fluorescence generated on the evanescent field microscopy. In the foundation of this result, we could be employed as the basis of a probe olidonucleotide, capable of detecting the target oligonucleotide and monitoring it in a large analyte concentration range and various mismatching condition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.740-747
• /
• 2006

Amplification by universal consensus sequences in pathogenic bacterial DNA would allow rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria, and amplification of genus-specific and species-specific sequences of pathogenic bacterial DNA might be used for genotyping at the genus and species levels. For design of probes for molecular diagnostics, several tools are available as stand-alone programs or as Web application. However, since most programs can design only a few probe sets at one time, they are not suitable for large-scale and automatic probes design. Therefore, for high-throughput design of specific probes in diagnostic array development, an automated design tool is necessary. Thus, we developed a Web-based automatic system for design of genus-specific and species-specific probes for pathogen detection. The system is available at http://www.miprobe.com.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2020

In the molecular cloud G33.92+0.11A, massive stars are forming sequentially in dense cores, probably due to interaction with accreted gas. Cold dense gas, which is likely the pristine gas of the cloud, is traced by DCN line and dust continuum emission. Clear chemical differences were observed in different source locations and for different velocity components in the same line of sight. Several distinct gas components coexist in the cloud: the pristine cold gas, the accreted dense gas, and warm turbulent gas, in addition to the star-forming dense clumps. Filaments of accreted gas occur in the northern part of the A1 and A5 clumps, and the velocity gradient along these features suggests that the gas is falling toward the cloud and may have triggered the most recent star formation. The large concentration of turbulent gas in the A2 clump seems to have formed mainly through disturbances from the outside.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.127-135
• /
• 2020

Coronavirus is generally known to cause minor respiratory diseases in animals and humans. However, some coronavirus genus is reported to cause animal-to-human interspecies infection. Since the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) infection is spreading rapidly throughout the world, leading to the declaration of the pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Despite various clinical studies to counter COVID-19 infection, the total confirmed cases and death rates are still accumulating. To break down this new threat, we should pay attention to newly revealed information based on scientific facts. In this review, we introduced the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and treatment of patients infected with COVID-19. Moreover, we highlighted the correlation between COVID-19 severity and patients with underlying diseases. Potential risks associated with COVID-19 can be differed depending on the condition of patients and can cause pulmonary complications. Therefore, lung capacity exams are expected to help predict the progression of the disease along with previously established detection methods such as molecular diagnostics and immunoassay. Although physiological research hasn't yet been emphasized to evaluate COVID-19 infection, this review is expected to be valuable to give new inspiration to deal with COVID-19 which might strike again in the future.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.90-95
• /
• 2004

Protein and gene detection have been growing importance in medical diagnostics. Field effect transistor (FET) - type biosensors have many advantages such as miniaturization, standardization, and mass-production. In this work, we have fabricated metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) FET that operates as molecular recognitions based electronic sensor. Measurements were taken with the devices under phosphate buffered saline solution. The drain current ($I_{D}$) was decreased after forming self-assembled mono-layers (SAMs) used to capture the protein, which resulted from the negative charges of SAMs, and increased after forming protein by 11.5% at $V_{G}$ = 0 V due to the positive charges of protein.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 1999

The most important progress in diagnostic sciences is the increased sensitivity and specificity in diagnostic procedures due to the development of newer micromethodologies and increasing availability of immunological and molecular biological reagents. The outcome of researches in this field has already provided DNA probes and antibodies which can be used for diagnosing various kinds of diseases including inherited ones. This development can be also applied to diagnose diseases in oral and maxillofacial regions. Technological advances have yielded highly sensitive test methodologies so that low analyte concentration and small sample volume are no longer limiting factors. Therefore, saliva can be useful test fluid for an array of analytes. Salivary constituents of diagnostic significance include steroid hormones, antibodies, drugs, and tumor markers. Of the proteins present in saliva, viral-specific immunoglobulins are of the greatest diagnostic interest. The development of conjugates and antigens by recombinant DNA technique and peptide synthesis is necessary for clinical application. Several kits developed for the purpose of blood testing should be modified to permit their application to saliva. The final practical outcome of researches in diagnostic sciences will be various diagnostic agents which can be used for detection of bacteria and viruses, screening and diagnosis of diseases, genetic screening for forensic individual identification. For these purposes, collaboration researches and development between institutions and companies are essential.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2002.07c
• /
• pp.1569-1571
• /
• 2002

The determination of DNA hybridization can apply the molecular biology research, clinic diagnostics, bioengineering, environment monitoring, food science and other application area. So, The determination of hybridization is very important for the improvement of DNA detection system. In this study, we report the characterization of the DNA hybridization by the electricalchemical methods. A new electrochemical biosensor is described for voltammetric detection of gene sequence related to probe oligonucleotide of bacterium Escherichia coli O157:H7. The biosensor involves the immobilization of a 18-mer probe oligonucleotide, which is complemetary to a specific gene sequence related to Escherichia coli O157:H7 on a gold electrode through specific adsorption. The probe oligonucleotide was used to determine the amount of target oligonucleotide in solution using mitoxantrone(MTX) as the electrochemical indicators. The cathodic peak currents $(I_{peak})$ of MTX were linearly related to the concentration of the target oligonucleotide sequence in the range $1[{\mu}M]{\sim}0.1[nM]$. The detection limit of this approach was 0.01[nM]. In addition, these indicators were capable of selectivity discriminating against various mismatching condition.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.365-369
• /
• 2012

Acanthamoeba spp. are single-celled protozoan organisms that are widely distributed in the environment. In this study, to understand functional roles of a mannose-binding protein (MBP), Acanthamoeba castellanii was treated with methyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside (mannose), and adhesion and cytotoxicity of the amoeba were analyzed. In addition, to understand the association of MBP for amoeba phagocytosis, phagocytosis assay was analyzed using non-pathogenic bacterium, Escherichia coli K12. Amoebae treated with mannose for 20 cycles exhibited larger vacuoles occupying the most area of the amoebic cytoplasm in comparison with the control group amoebae and glucose-treated amoebae. Mannose-selected amoebae exhibited lower levels of binding to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Exogenous mannose inhibited >50% inhibition of amoebae (control group) binding to CHO cells. Moreover, exogenous mannose inhibited amoebae (i.e., man-treated) binding to CHO cells by <15%. Mannose-selected amoebae exhibited significantly decreased cytotoxicity to CHO cells compared with the control group amoebae, 25.1% vs 92.1%. In phagocytic assay, mannose-selected amoebae exhibited significant decreases in bacterial uptake in comparison with the control group, 0.019% vs 0.03% (P<0.05). Taken together, it is suggested that mannose-selected A. castellanii trophozoites should be severely damaged and do not well interact with a target cell via a lectin of MBP.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
• /
• 1996.04a
• /
• pp.73-87
• /
• 1996

The outer-most electrons of metal atoms and the remining valence electrons of any molecular atoms make three dimensional crystallizing $\pi$-bondings. The electrons on the $\pi$-bonding orbital rotate clockwise or counter-clockwise and they then make electro-magnetic waves between atoms on the orbital because electron move between plus charged ions. The three dimensional crystallizing $\pi$-bonding orbitals are quantum-mechanically modeled by a cyclic Kronig-Penny Model and energy band structures are analyzed with their potential barrier thickness. The waves generated between plus charged ions are the particular $\pi$-far infrared rays, which have dual properties between material and electro-magnetic waves and can be measured not by modern electro-magnetic tester but biosensor such as finger's force tester. Because the $\pi$-rays can be modulated with electro-magnetic waves it can be applied for harmful electro-magnetic wave killers. Because the $\pi$-rays make new three dimensional crystallizing $\pi$-bonding orbitals in the material the food and drink can be transformed into a helpful physical constitutional property for human health. Distinction between crystalline and amorphous metals is possible because very strong crystalline $\pi$-bonding orbitals can not easily be transformed into another. The $\pi$-rays can also be applied for biofunctional diagnostics and therapy. Gravitational field is one of the electro-magnetic fields. And also magnetic field and gravitational force field make charge's movement. ($\times$ = q, : magnetic field, : force field, q: plus charge, : velocity field)

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.567-576
• /
• 2016

Poultry industry has always been a dynamic and integral part of national economies in many countries. Economic losses incur especially in large-scale rearing facilities, often attributed to the deterioration of environmental conditions, poultry exposure to stressors and development of diseases. While antibiotics have been commonly used for prophylactic purposes and as growth stimulants, extensive documentation of antimicrobial resistance among pathogenic bacteria due to indiscriminate utilization of antibiotic in the industry has led to public and governmental outcries. Elimination of antibiotics from poultry production has thus encouraged intensive search for alternatives. In this review, we discuss the immense potential of probiotics to fill the gap as alternative growth promoters and evidences of beneficial effects of probiotic application in poultry production.