• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1012-1017
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• 2005

Predictive growth model of putrefactive bacteria of surimi-based imitation crab in the modified surimi-based imitation crab (MIC) broth was investigated. The growth curves of putrefactive bacteria were obtained by measuring cell number in MIC broth under different conditions (Initial cell number, $1.0{\times}10^2,\;1.0{\times}10^3$ and $1.0{\times}10^4$ colony forming unit (CFU)/mL; temperature, $15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C\;and\;25^{\circ}C$) and applied them to Gompertz model. The microbial growth indicators, maximum specific growth rate constant (k), lag time (LT) and generation time (GT), were calculated from Gompertz model. Maximum specific growth rate (k) of putrefactive bacteria was become fast with rising temperature and fastest at $25^{\circ}C$. LT and GT were become short with rising temperature and shortest at $25^{\circ}C$. There were not significant differences in k, LT and GT by initial cell number (p>0.05). Polynomial model, $k=-0.2160+0.0241T-0.0199A_0$, and square root model, $\sqrt{k}=0.02669$ (T-3.5689), were developed to express the combination effects of temperature and initial cell number, The relative coefficient of experimental k and predicted k of polynomial model was 0.87 from response surface model. The relative coefficient of experimental k and predicted k of square root model was 0.88. From above results, we found that the growth of putrefactive bacteria was mainly affected by temperature and the square root model was more credible than the polynomial model for the prediction of the growth of putrefactive bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.349-354
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• 2004

Predictive growth model of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in modified surimi-based imitation crab broth was investigated. Growth curves of V. parahaemolyticus were obtained by measuring cell concentration in culture broth under different conditions ($Initial\;cell\;level,\;1{\times}10^{2},\;1{\times}10^{3},\;and\;1{\times}10^{4}\;colony\;forming\;unit\;(CFU)/mL$; temperature, 15, 25 37, and $40^{\circ}C$; pH 6, 7, and 8) and applying them to Gompertz model. Microbial growth indicators, maximum specific growth rate (k), lag time (LT), and generation time (GT), were calculated from Gompertz model. Maximum specific growth rate (k) of V. parahaemolyticus increased with increasing temperature, reaching maximum rate at $37^{\circ}C$. LT and GT were also the shortest at $37^{\circ}C$. pH and initial cell number did not influence k, LT, and GT values significantly (p>0.05). Polynomial model, $k=a{\cdot}\exp(-0.5{\cdot}((T-T_{max}/b)^{2}+((pH-pH_{max)/c^{2}))$, and square root model, ${\sqrt{k}\;0.06(T-9.55)[1-\exp(0.07(T-49.98))]$, were developed to express combination effects of temperature and pH under each initial cell number using Gauss-Newton Algorism of Sigma plot 7.0 (SPSS Inc.). Relative coefficients between experimental k and k Predicted by polynomial model were 0.966, 0.979, and 0.965, respectively, at initial cell numbers of $1{\times}10^{2},\;1{\times}10^{3},\;and\;1{\times}10^{4}CFU/mL$, while that between experimental k and k Predicted by square root model was 0.977. Results revealed growth of V. parahaemolyticus was mainly affected by temperature, and square root model showing effect of temperature was more credible than polynomial model for prediction of V. parahaemolyticus growth.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.363-372
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• 2017

This paper presents a novel face recognition algorithm based on the deep convolution neural network and key point detection jointed local binary pattern methodology to enhance the accuracy of face recognition. We firstly propose the modified face key feature point location detection method to enhance the traditional localization algorithm to better pre-process the original face images. We put forward the grey information and the color information with combination of a composite model of local information. Then, we optimize the multi-layer network structure deep learning algorithm using the Fisher criterion as reference to adjust the network structure more accurately. Furthermore, we modify the local binary pattern texture description operator and combine it with the neural network to overcome drawbacks that deep neural network could not learn to face image and the local characteristics. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm obtains stronger robustness and feasibility compared with the other state-of-the-art algorithms. The proposed algorithm also provides the novel paradigm for the application of deep learning in the field of face recognition which sets the milestone for further research.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 1992

The finite difference simulation method for ship waves is introduced for hull form improvement. Numerical simulations were performed for a series of modified hull forms and the simulated results were used for the determination of the better hull forms. A 4,400 TEU container carrier which was designed and experimented in towing tank was chosen for the purpose. The calculation results are compared with those of model test, of simplified Neumann-kelvin problems and of Rankine source method. In this study, it is shown that the combination of the computer simulation by our method with the experiment provides one of the most economical and reliable procedures of hull form improvement and that the degree of accuracy of this method is so high that it can cope with very practical design purposes.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2001

The focus of this paper is on the numerical investigation of obliquely incident wav interactions with a system composed of fully submerged and floating dual buoy/vertical-flexible-membrane breakwaters placed in parallel with spacing between two systems. The fully submerged two systems allow surface and bottom gaps to enable wave transmission over and under the system. The problem is formulated based on the two-dimensional multi-domain hydro-elastic linear wave-body interaction theory. The hydrodynamic interaction of oblique incident waves with the combination of the rigid and flexible bodies was solved by the distribution of the simple sources (modified Bessel function of the second kind) that satisfy the Helmholz governing equation in fluid domains. A boundary element program for three fluid domains based on a discrete membrane dynamic model and simple source distribution method is developed. Using this developed computer program, the performance of various dual systems varying buoy radiuses and drafts, membrane lengths, gaps, spacing, mooring-lines stiffness, mooring types, water depth, and wave characteristics is thoroughly examined. It is found that the fully submerged and floating dual buoy/membrane breakwaters can, if it is properly tuned to the coming waves, have good performances in reflecting the obliquely incident waves over a wide range of wave frequency and headings.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.704-715
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• 2017

For three-phase synchronization applications, the synchronous reference frame phase-locked loop (SRF-PLL) is probably the most widely used technique due to its ease of implementation and satisfactory phase tracking performance under ideal grid conditions. However, under unbalanced and distorted grid conditions, its performance tends to worsen. To deal with this problem, a variety of filtering stages have been proposed and used in SRF-PLLs for the rejection of disturbance components at the cost of degrading the dynamic performance. In this paper, to improve dynamic performance without compromising the filtering capability, an effective hybrid filtering stage is proposed and incorporated into the inner loop of a quasi-type-1 PLL (QT1-PLL). The proposed filtering stage is a combination of a moving average filter (MAF) and a modified delay signal cancellation (DSC) operator in cascade. The time delay caused by the proposed filtering stage is smaller than that in the conventional MAF-based and DSC-based PLLs. A small-signal model of the proposed PLL is derived. The stability is analyzed and parameters design guidelines are given. The effectiveness of the proposed PLL is confirmed through experimental results.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2013

Adaboost is widely used for Haar-like feature boosting algorithm in Face Detection. It shows very effective performance on single distribution model. But when detecting front and side face images at same time, Adaboost shows it's limitation on multiple distribution data because it uses linear combination of basic classifier. This paper suggest the HDCT, modified decision tree algorithm for Haar-like features. We still tested the performance of HDCT compared with Adaboost on multiple distributed image recognition.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.348-356
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• 2021

The lignocellulose-based dried watermelon rind (WR) was modified with sulfuric acid, namely SWR for enhancement of methylene blue (MB) adsorption from the aqueous solution. According to FT-IR analysis, after the modification of WR with sulfuric acid, the functional groups of R-SO₃H, COOH and -OH groups was formated or enhanced on the surface of the WR. Moreover, the point of zero charge (pHpzc) was changed from 6.3 to 4.1 after modification, which widened the range for adsorbing of cationic dye MB. The adsorption process of MB onto the SWR was suitable for pseudo-2nd-order and Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity of Langmuir was found to be 334.45 mg/g at pH 7. In adition, the adsorption process occurs through the electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bridge formation, electron donor-acceptor relationship, and 𝜋-𝜋 electron dispersing force between functional groups on the carbon surface with MB molecules. Depending on functional groups available on the SWR surface, the MB adsorption mechanism can occur in combination with various interactions.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.591-598
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• 2022

The article deals with the possibilities of vibration stimulation. Based on the stability analysis, a multi-scale approach with a modified whole-building model is implemented. The motion equation is configured for a controlled bridge with a MDOF (multiple dynamic degrees of freedom) Tuned Mass Damper (M-TMD) system, and a combination of welding, excitation, and control effects is used with its advanced packages and commercial software submodel. Because the design of high-performance and efficient structural systems has been of interest to practical engineers, systematic methods of structural and functional synthesis of control systems must be used in many applications. The smart method can be stabilized by properly controlling the high frequency injection limits. The simulation results illustrate that the multiple modeling method used is consistent with the accuracy and high computational efficiency. The M-TMD system, even with moderate reductions in critical pressure, can significantly suppress overall feedback on an unregulated design.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2018

Low cyclic loading tests are conducted on the steel reinforced recycled concrete (SRRC) column-steel (S) beam composite frame joints. This research aims to evaluate the earthquake damage performance of composite frame joints by performing cyclic loading tests on eight specimens. The experimental failure process and failure modes, load-displacement hysteresis curves, characteristic loads and displacements, and ductility of the composite frame joints are presented and analyzed, which shows that the composite frame joints demonstrate good seismic performance. On the basis of this finding, seismic damage performance is examined by using the maximum displacement, energy absorbed in the hysteresis loops and Park-Ang model. However, the result of this analysis is inconsistent with the test failure process. Therefore, this paper proposes a modified Park-Ang seismic damage model that is based on maximum deformation and cumulative energy dissipation, and corrected by combination coefficient ${\alpha}$. Meanwhile, the effects of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement percentage and axial compression ratio on the seismic damage performance are analyzed comprehensively. Moreover, lateral displacement angle is used as the quantification index of the seismic performance level of joints. Considering the experimental study, the seismic performance level of composite frame joints is divided into five classes of normal use, temporary use, repair after use, life safety and collapse prevention. On this basis, the corresponding relationships among seismic damage degrees, seismic performance level and quantitative index are also established in this paper. The conclusions can provide a reference for the seismic performance design of composite frame joints.