• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.31-42
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• 2019

As smartphone H/W performance and mobile communication service have been enhanced, large-capacity 3D modeling files are available in smartphones. Common formats of 3D modeling files include STL (STereoLithography), OBJ (Wavefront file format specification), FBX (Filmbox), and glTF (open GL Transmission Format). Each format has different characteristics depending on the configuration and functions, and formats that are supported are varied depending on the applications. Large-size files are commonly used. The 4th generation mobile communication network secures loading of 3D modeling files and transmission of large-size geometric files in order to provide augmented reality services via smartphones. This paper explains the concepts and characteristics of major 3D file formats such as OBJ, FBX, and glTF. In addition, it compares their performance in a wired web with that in the 4th generation mobile communication network. The loading time and packet transmission in each 3D format are also measured by means of different mobile web browsers (Google Chrome and MS Edge). The experiment result shows that glTF demonstrated the most efficient performance while the loading time of OBJ was relatively excessive. Findings of this study can be utilized in selecting specific 3D file formats for rendering time reduction depending on the mobile web environments.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.8-19
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• 2019

Since their emergence in 2007, smart phones have advanced up to the point that 5G mobile communication in 2019 started to be commercialized. Accordingly, now it is possible to share 3D modeling files and collaborate by means of a mobile web. As the recently commercialized 5G mobile communication network is so useful in sharing 3D modeling files and collaborating that even large-size geometry files can be transmitted at ultra high speed with ultra low transfer delay. We examines characteristics of major 3D file formats such as STL, OBJ, FBX, and glTF and compares the existing 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution) network with the 5G NR (New Radio) mobile communication network. The loading time and packets of each format were measured depending on the mobile web browser environments. We shows that in comparison with 4G LTE, the loading time of STL and OBJ file formats were reduced as much as 6.55 sec and 9.41 sec, respectively in the 5G NR and Chrome browsers. The glTF file format showed the most efficient performance in all of the 4G/5G mobile communication networks, Chrome, and Edge browsers. In the case of STL and OBJ, the traffic was relatively excessive in 5G NR and Edge browsers. The findings of this study are expected to be utilized to develop a 3D file format that reduces the loading time in a mobile web environment.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.245-253
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• 2012

The public and civilian demands regarding 3D geo-spatial information processing on mobile device including smartphone are increasing. But there are few actual implementations or application cases. This work is to present some results by a prototype implementation of 3D terrain information visualization function with satellite image and DEM using HTML5 WebGL, which is a web-based graphic library under the standardization process. This is a useful standard for cross-platform operation for 3D graphic rendering without other plug-in modules. As the results, in the different types of operating system or browser in a personal computer or a smartphone, it shows same rendering results, as long as they support HTML5 WebGL. As well;geo-metadata search and identification functions for data sets for 3D terrain visualization process are added in this implementation for the practical aspect.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.104-113
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• 2012

Followed by that HTML5(Hypertext Markup Language5) was introduced, many kinds of program and services based on this have been developed and released. HTML5 is technical standard specifications for cross platform for personal computers and mobile devices so that it is expected that continuing progress and wide application in the both sides of the academic and the industrial fields increase. This study is to design and implement a mobile application program for overlay rendering with DEM and other geo-based image sets using HTML5 WebGL for 3D graphic processing on web environment. Particularly, the blending technique was used for overlay processing with multiple images. Among available WebGL frameworks, CubicVR.js was adopted, and various blending techniques were provided in the user interface for general users. For the actual application in the study area around the Sejong city, serveral types of geo-based data sets were used and processed: KOMPSAT-2 images, ALOS PALSAR SAR images, and grid data by environment measurements. While, DEM for 3D viewing with these geo-based images was produced using contour information of the digital map sets. This work demonstrates possibilities that new types of contents and service system using geo-based images can be extracted and applied.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.101-106
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• 2014

The era came that by having fastest internet and smart phone makes cloud computing really a big merit. This paper proposes architecture for medical image volume rendering in mobile environment using cloud computing. This architecture to replace expensive workstation server and storage it use one of the service of cloud computing IaaS(Infrastructure as a Service). And this paper propose to use webGL to get rid of restriction of mobile hardware. By this research, it is expected that medical image volume rendering service in mobile environment is more effective and can be a foundation work.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.57-66
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• 2015

Recently, the utilization of geospatial open platforms has been constantly increased and the interest in 3D geospatial data such as terrain, building and shopping mall has been increased significantly. In particular, rather than simplified 3D geospatial data, interest in high-precision 3D geospatial data which similarly represents the real world objects has increased significantly. In order to satisfy the demand for such the high-precision 3D geospatial data, various kinds of 3D geospatial open platforms has been developed and has provided services on the web. However, most of the 3D geospatial open platforms have been used plug-in module in order to ensure a fast 3D rendering performance on the web, despite the many problems such as difficulty of the installation, no supporting of cross browser/operating system and security issues. In addition, recently, the existing 3D geospatial open platforms based on plug-in module are facing a serious problem, by declaring the NPAPI service interruption in Chrome and Firefox browsers. In this study, we presents the design and implementation of a new 3D geospatial open platform based on HTML5/WebGL technology without the use of plug-ins. Such the new 3D geospatial open platform based on HTML5/WebGL may support cross browsers such as IE, Chrome, Firefox, Safari and cross OS platforms such as Windows, Linux, Mac and mobile OS platforms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.183-185
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• 2013

As mobile devices have developed, flash animations suitable for the existing web have solved part of the weakness caused by the image quality deterioration and the transmission capacity, but it is difficult to express 3D stereo-scopic images. Also, for the real time-randering of visual expressions for animation and the device technique for smartphone to accord with commercial demands, it is required to develop the 3D image processing technique. This paper studied on the image processing method for 3D animation capable of 3D graphic rendering with view system of android and OpenGL M3G in an embedded system device and OpenGL ES 2.0 library.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.835-848
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a client server based distributed/parallel system to effectively visualize huge geographic data. The system consists of a web-based client GUI program and a distributed/parallel server program which runs on multiple PC clusters. To make the client program run on mobile devices as well as PCs, the graphical user interface has been designed by using JOGL, the java-based OpenGL graphics library, and sending the information about current available memory space and maximum display resolution the server can minimize the amount of tasks. PC clusters used to play the role of the server access requested geographic data from distributed disks, and properly re-sample them, then send the results back to the client. To minimize the latency happened in repeatedly access the distributed stored geography data, cache data structures have been maintained in both every nodes of the server and the client.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.369-374
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• 2016

Recently, due to the rapid development of smart computing technology, there have been a lot of studies on 3D navigation, and consequently the advanced commercial 3D navigation system and 3D VTS system are on the market. Even the 3D technology is well known and wide spreaded, unfortunately, the secret of code behind is still unleashed. The purpose of this paper is to show the basic methodologies to display ENC features under 3D display environment to meet the requirement of S-52 standards. The OpenGL ES is used to develop 3D ENC Viewer for further use on mobile platforms and web based vessel monitoring system. P articularly, area object triangulation, complex line drawing, polygon pattern filling and symbol drawing by texture mapping are explained in detail. The result of performance test is shown as table for correlation of SENC file size to display speed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.173-183
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• 2020

In the midst of the aging of underground facilities in urban areas and anxiety about road excavation safety accidents, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport began to build Underground Geospatial Infomation Map from 2015 as part of the 「ground subsidence prevention measures」 and efficient use of underground spaces. So, the scope is spreading every year. The current Underground Geospatial Infomation Map information is web-based and is operated in a desktop environment, so it is true that there are some limitations in its use in a field environment such as an excavation construction site. The Underground Geospatial Infomation Map, built and operated in a web-based environment, is a large-scale 3D data. Therefore, in order to service by transmitting data to the field without delay, it is necessary to lighten the Underground Geospatial Infomation Map data. In addition, the current Underground Geospatial Infomation Map is not unified in data formats such as 3DS and COLLADA, and the coordinate system method is also different in relative coordinates and absolute coordinates. In this study, by analyzing domestic and overseas prior research and technical use cases, a mobile Underground Geospatial Infomation Map data format and a lightweight method were presented, and a technology development was conducted to create a mobile underground space integration map in the presented format. In addition, the weight reduction rate was tested by applying 3D data compression technology so that data can be transmitted quickly in the field, and technology was developed that can be used by decompressing 3D data compressed in the field. finally, it aims to supplement the technology experimentally developed in this study and conduct additional research to produce it as software that can be used in the excavation site and use it.