• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.936-947
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• 2010

In the mobile gaming market, it is desirable for a specific content to be served on various platforms. Recently, it is a very important issue in the market for mobile games. This problem incurs extra cost, because we need to redevelop existing contents to be executed on another platforms. Moreover, the release of a new platform has spent much more effort and cost developing many contents in short period of time. Therefore, we need to research about translation techniques that enable the existing contents to run on a different platform. In this paper, we propose translation techniques for mobile games. The techniques can be applied on converting mobile contents to runnable contents on a new platform. To realize it, we design and implement a source-level contents translator which is targeting Android platform using the suggested techniques. Our source-level contents translator is implemented systematically by applying compiler theory. Also, we solve partially translation problems between different programming languages. The translator has been implemented separately divided into three tasks such as kernel porting, library mapping as well as language translation. We expect these techniques to increase utilization of existing mobile games and contribute to vitalizations of mobile contents industry.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.1051-1061
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• 2010

Since Korean mobile communication companies each use different mobile platforms, developers must configure and translate their game contents to run under each of the platforms so that they can be serviced correctly. Nevertheless, such translation tasks require lengthy times and costs. This is one of the reasons why a variety of contents could not be provided. In order to mitigate such difficulty, this paper implemented an automatic mobile contents translating system that automatically translates mobile C game contents of the GNEX platform to mobile java contents of the Android platform as a smart platform using a source-level contents translator. The GNEX C-to-Android Java automatic contents translation system helps minimize the amount of time and cost required in servicing contents to different mobile communication companies by promptly translating a platform-specific-content to run under other platforms. Also, the automatic translation and servicing of existing contents increases the reusability of these contents and also the productivity of new contents thereby offering users with a more variety of games.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.875-878
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• 2004

Researching in text detection and segmentation has been done for a long period in the OCR area. However, there is some other area that the text detection and segmentation from images can be very useful. In this report, we first propose the design of a mobile translator system which helps non-native speakers to understand the foreign language using ubiquitous mobile network and camera mobile phones. The main focus of the paper will be the algorithm in detecting and segmenting texts embedded in the natural scenes from taken images. The image, which is captured by a camera mobile phone, is transmitted to a translator server. It is initially passed through some preprocessing processes to smooth the image as well as suppress noises. A threshold is applied to binarize the image. Afterward, an edge detection algorithm and connected component analysis are performed on the filtered image to find edges and segment the components in the image. Finally, the pre-defined layout relation constraints are utilized in order to decide which components likely to be texts in the image. A preliminary experiment was done and the system yielded a recognition rate of 94.44% on a set of 36 various natural scene images that contain texts.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 2009

In this paper we present a light weighted robust Korean morphological analyzer for mobile devices such as mobile phones, smart phones, and PDA phones. Such mobile devices are not suitable for natural language interfaces for their low CPU performance and memory restriction. In order to overcome the difficulties we propose 1) an online analysis by using Key Event Handler mechanism, 2) and a robust analysis of the Korean sentences with spacing errors without its correction pre-processing. We adapt the proposed Korean analyzer to a Korean-English mobile translator, which shows 5.8% memory usage reduction and 19.0% enhancement of average response time.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2011

In this paper we present light weighted English-to-Korean and Korean-to-English mobile translators on smart phones. For natural translation and higher translation quality, translation engines are hybridized with Translation Memory (TM) and Rule-based translation engine. In order to maximize the usability of the system, we combined an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) engine and Text-to-Speech (TTS) engine as a Front-End and Back-end of the mobile translators. With the BLEU and NIST evaluation metrics, the experimental results show our E-K and K-E mobile translation equality reach 72.4% and 77.7% of Google translators, respectively. This shows the quality of our mobile translators almost reaches the that of server-based machine translation to show its commercial usefulness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.25-28
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 스마트폰과 같은 모바일 단말기 자체에서 동작하는 경량화된 영한 하이브리드 모바일 번역 엔진을 설계 및 구현하였다. 번역 엔진은 자연스러운 번역과 높은 번역 품질을 위해 번역 메모리(Translation Memory)와 규칙기반의 번역 엔진으로 이중화를 하였다. PC에 비해 하드웨어 제약이 심한 스마트폰 자체에서 구동이 원활하도록 주메모리의 사용을 줄이고 분석 시간 단축을 위하여 핵심 번역 엔진을 포함한 번역 지식 DB가 외장메모리에서 구동되도록 하였다. 실험결과 번역 품질은 BLEU와 NIST 평가치를 기준으로 서버 기반의 구글번역기 대비 70.0%로 사용자의 의미전달이 가능한 실용적인 수준으로 평가되었다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.11 s.353
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• pp.168-174
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose an architecture for communication between the IPv4-based UA and the IPv6-based UA in IMS based Mobile Networks, and design and implement the IMS protocol Translator for verification of the architecture. For the design of the internetworking between the IPv4 and the IPv6, we analyze the transition mechanisms and investigate the protocol translator. The IMS protocol translator is composed of the IMS-ALG(IP Multimedia Subsystem - Application Level Gateway) and TrGW(Translation Gateway), and the conformance of these components are verified by experiments.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.1282-1291
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• 2005

This paper presents the EVM(Embedded Virtual Machine) which enables the execution of dynamic applications loaded in the embedded systems such as Mobile Devices(mobile phone, PDA), Set-Top Box, and Digital TV using downloading techniques. To accomplish this goal, we defined a SIL-(Standard Intermediate Language) code, and implemented a Bytecode-to-SIL translator which enables the execution of programs written in java language in the EVM platform without JVM, and a MSIL--to-SIL- translator which enables for programs written in .NET language to be executed in the EVM platform without .NET platform. Also, we developed a EFF(Executable File Format) builder as an assembler which translates SIL codes into an executable file, *.evm, and implemented the EVM which reads the *.evm file and executes it. The virtual machine for embedded systems developed in this paper is the software technologies that enable the execution of applications or contents without changes to when the platforms change. In fact, the virtual machine suggested here is not only usable as a standard model for existing virtual machines but also aid in more efficient execution of applications loaded in the embedded systems such as Mobile Devices, Digital TV, and Set-Top Box.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.1658-1668
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• 2005

This paper presents the bytecode-to-SIL translator which enables the execution of the java program in EVM(Embedded Virtual Machine) environment without JVM(java Virtual Machine), translating bytecodes produced by compiling java programs into SIL(Standard Intermediate Language) codes. EVM, what we are now developing, is a virtual machine solution that can download and execute dynamic application programs written in sequential languages like C language as well as object oriented languages such as C#, Java, etc. EVM is a virtual machine mounted on embedded systems such as mobile device, set-top box, or digital TV, and converts the application program into SIL, an assembly language symbolic form, and execute it. SIL is a virtual machine code for embedded systems, based on the analysis of existing virtual machine codes such as bytecode, MSIL, etc. SIL has such features as to accommodate various programming languages, and in particularly has an operation code set to accept both object-oriented languages and sequential languages. After compiling, a program written in java language is converted to bytecode, and also executed by JVM platform but not in other platform such as .NET, EVM platform. For this reason, we designed and implemented the bytecode-to-SIL translator system for programs written in java language to be executed in the EVM platform without JVM. This work improves the execution speed of programs, enhances the productivity, and provides an environment for programmers to execute application programs at various platforms.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.385-393
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• 2017

As the use of mobile devices such as smartphones increases, there is growing interest on the benefits of virtualization in embedded systems. Full virtualization has the advantage of running the guest virtual machine without modifying the guest operating system. However, full virtualization suffers slow execution speed due to the cost of context switching between the virtual machines and the virtual machine monitor. In this paper, we propose a translated block and context switching optimization to improve the guest execution speed in the embedded system. As a result, the improved dynamic binary translator is up to 5.95 times faster than the native execution. Performance degradation is less than that of the other virtualization system.