• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.145-172
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• 1980

Draper and Lawrence (1965a) have given mixture designs for three factors when all the mixture components can vary on the entire factor space so that the region of interest is an equilateral triangle in two dimensions. In this paper their work is extended to the cases when the region of interest is an echelon, parallelogram, pentagon or hexagon, because of the restirctions imposed on some or all of the mixture components. The principles used in the choice of appropriate designs are those originally introduced by Box and Draper(1959). It is assumed that a response surface equation of first order is fitted, but there is a possibility of bias error due to presence of second order terms in the true model. Minimum bias designs for several cases of restricted regions of interest are illustrated.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권5A호
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• pp.433-442
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• 2010

콘크리트의 염화물 확산계수의 제어는 염해에 노출된 콘크리트 구조물의 내구수명 확보에 필수적이며, 이를 위해 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 본 연구는 목표 내구수명을 만족하는 목표확산계수를 도출하고 유전자 알고리즘을 통하여, 최적배합을 도출하는데 있다. 이를 위하여, 동일한 골재 및 혼화재를 사용한 30개의 배합과 그에 따른 염화물 확산계수를 분석하였으며, 27개를 대상으로 확산계수 예측식을 도출하였다. 확산계수 예측식의 변수로는 물-결합재비, 단위 혼화재량(슬래그, 플라이 애쉬, 실리카퓸), 단위 시멘트량, 단위 잔골재 및 굵은 골재량을 포함하도록 하였으며 나머지 3개의 배합에 대하여 검증을 수행하였다. 최적 함수식은 27개의 배합에 대하여 평균 18.7%의 오차와 16.0%의 변동계수를 보이고 있었다. 주어진 3개의 확산계수에 대하여, 유전자 알고리즘을 통하여 도출된 배합은 0.3%~12.2%의 오차범위를 가지며 각각의 배합인자를 도출하였다. 최종적으로 서로 다른 내구성 설계변수(목표내구수명, 피복두께, 표면염화물량, 혼화재량)와 노출환경(온도 및 습도)을 가정하여 목표 확산계수를 도출하였으며, 이에 만족하는 최적화된 콘크리트 배합을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 유전자 알고리즘을 이용하여, 내구성 콘크리트 배합도출에 대한 적용성을 평가하였으며, 제안된 기법은 다양한 확산계수의 범위를 가지는 광범위한 자료구축을 통하여 개선될 것이다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.757-768
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• 2014

Purpose: In this paper we present a case study of developing fast curing adhesives for insulation material of LNG carriers using an extreme vertices design with four mixture components. Three material properties are considered - shear strength, viscosity, and tensile strength. In the optimization experiment, we used hardness instead of tensile strength due to shortage of specimens. Methods: We employ four-factor extreme vertices design with 19 runs and desirability function approach for simultaneously optimizing three responses. After selecting optimal condition of the mixture components, we do confirmation experiments to verify the reproducibility of the optimal condition under manufacturing circumstance. Results: Simultaneous optimal condition for the three responses, that is, shear strength, viscosity, and harness is obtained. At the optimal condition, confirmation experiments are executed in manufacturing circumstance. The variation for the shear strength is not satisfactory, which is due to the variation of the humidity. Conclusion: At the optimal condition three material properties are satisfactory. To reduce the variability for the shear strength, robust design is needed.

• 산업공학
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.465-476
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• 2005

Evolutionary operation is a useful tool for improving full-scale manufacturing process by systematically changing the levels of the process variables without jeopardizing the product. This paper presents a system design for the evolutionary operation software called 'evolutionary optimizer'. Evolutionary optimizer consists of four modules: factorial design, many variables, mixture, and mean/dispersion. Context diagram, data flow diagram and entity-relationship modelling are used to systematically design the evolutionary optimizer system.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.288-294
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• 2010

In recent years, wind energy has been the world's fastest growing source of energy. This paper describes the structural design and analysis of composite blade for 2 kW-level HAWT (horizontal axis wind turbine). The aerodynamic design and force, which are required to design and analyze a composite blade structurally, are calculated through BEMT(blade element momentum theory) implemented in public code PROPID. To obtain the equivalent material properties of filament wound composite blades, the rule-of-mixture is applied using the basic material properties of fiber and matrix, respectively. Lay-up sequence, ply thickness and ply angle are designed to satisfy the loading conditions. Structural analysis by using commercial software ABAQUS is performed to compute the displacement and strength ratio of filament wound composite blades.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1541-1546
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• 2015

The objective of this research was to evaluate the toxicity of the industial xenobiotic Aroclor 1248 (A) and natural origin substances~elemental sulfur (S80) and oleic acid (OA) and their binary mixtures to V. fischeri bioluminescence during the prolonged exposure time (up to 60 min). The bioluminescence quenching test was used to determine the toxic effects. Full factorial experiment design and multiple regression analysis and the comparison of binary mixture effect with the sum of effects of individual chemicals were used for the evaluation of combined effects of toxicants. The analysis of general trend of mixture toxicity to bioluminescence showed that mixture toxic effects were reversible up to 60 min. Data analysis revealed different joint effects, which were depended on mixture composition. S80 enhanced toxic effect of A and acted additively with synergistic interaction. Hydrophobic OA in mixture with A acted antagonistically and in mixture with sulfur caused an additive effect with antagonistic component of interaction. It was concluded that low concentrations of natural toxic substances present in environmental samples as mixtures of chemicals can define the toxicodynamic character of industrial xenobiotics.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 현재 일본에서 개발되어 적용되고 있는 고형화 에폭시 수지를 이용한 아스팔트 혼합물의 국내 강상판 적용성을 평가 하고자 하였다. 다양한 문헌조사를 통한 고형화 에폭시 아스팔트 혼합물의 특성을 파악한 후, 배합설계 와 혼합물 평가를 실시하였다. 그 결과 강상판에 적용되는 다른 재래식 혼합물에 비하여 성능이 월등함을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 3D 유한 요소 해석을 수행한 결과 에폭시 아스팔트가 시공 시 충분한 공용성능을 보이는 것으로 판단되어 국내에서 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 배치식 플랜트 통해 고형화 에폭시 아스팔트 혼합물 생산 후 시험시공을 실시하였다. 시공 후 공용성을 평가하기 위해 BPT 실험을 한 결과 포장의 표면은 기준이상의 마찰력을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.499-510
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• 2007

The densified mixture design algorithm (DMDA) was employed to manufacture high-performance lightweight concrete (LWAC) using silt dredged from reservoirs in southern Taiwan. Dredged silt undergoing hydration and high-temperature sintering was made into a lightweight aggregate for concrete mixing. The workability and durability of the resulting concrete were examined. The LWAC made from dredged silt had high flowability, which implies good workability. Additionally, the LWAC also had good compressive strength and anti-corrosion properties, high surface electrical resistivity and ultrasonic pulse velocity as well as low chloride penetration, all of which are indicators of good durability.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.681-691
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• 2017

This study provides a new fashion design perspective that is rapidly changing and pursues a new one based on maximalism, which is a trend that expresses the sensibility of modern fashion that seeks originality and differentiation in today's fashion world. In this study, based on the domestic monographs and previous studies, the concept and formation background of maximalism are theoretically examined. We want to classify and analyze characteristics based on the analysis and collection image analysis using the internet specialist site (www.vogue.com). We also develope a fashion design that is applied to clothes after deriving typical characteristics. The study results are as follows. The criterion of Maximilian's type criterion required to escape the minimalism that pursues simplicity and simplicity is the need to express the enlargement that expresses exaggeration, decoration to express glamor, the mixture that expresses the mixture and the complexity of the heterogeneous. This then can show the characteristics of the expressed non-structure. We analyzed the formative characteristics of maximalism in modern fashion and developed five types of fashion design.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2010년도 춘계 학술대회 제22권1호
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• pp.405-406
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 Bayesian 확률법을 이용한 성능기반형 배합설계방법(Perfomance Based Mixture Design, 이하 PBMD)을 고강도 콘크리트 배합설계에 활용하여 요구성능을 만족하는 고강도 콘크리트 배합비를 찾는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 고강도 콘크리트의 여러 가지 재료 성능 변수들을 구하기 위해 수행한 여러 가지 실험들의 결과를 바탕으로 고강도 콘크리트 배합설계 시 PBMD 방법의 적용가능성에 대해 검토하였으며 지역에 따른 환경조건, 사용 가능한 재료, 적용 가능한 콘크리트생산기술 등을 고려하여 목표성능을 만족시키는 최적의 콘크리트 배합비를 구하는 과정을 PBMD 방법을 적용한 예제를 통해 나타내었다.