• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.291-297
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• 2016

Background: The current educational goals and missions of pharmacy schools in Korea were analyzed to examine the current orientation and future direction of pharmaceutical education. Methods: Educational mission statements were obtained from the homepages of 35 pharmacy schools and subjected to convert into codes. Themes and categories were induced using qualitative content-analysis from the codes and compared according to location of school (capital area versus province), public versus private, and date of initial enrollment (before versus in 2011). The themes and categories were compared with "the eight-star pharmacist" suggested by World Health Organization (WHO) and International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP). Results: Twelve themes, 44 categories, and 496 codes were identified. Themes included pharmaceutical expertise, professionalism, contribution to society, basic educational ideology, sphere of activity, leadership, research, dealing with future change, problem-solving ability, self-management and development, cooperation, and respect for life. Mission statements of schools that initially enrolled in 2011 cited humankind level contribution (p=0.011), patient-centered care (p=0.026), and globalization (p=0.018) more frequently than those enrolled before 2011. Most schools mentioned about care-giver, researcher, and decision-maker which were stated in "the eight-star pharmacist". Conclusion: To meet the growing social requirements of a pharmacist's roles, wide-ranging active discussion on establishing educational goals should be made.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.33-46
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• 2020

The purpose of Electronic warfare is to disturbe, neutralize, attack, and destroy the opponent's electronic warfare weapon system or equipment. Suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD) mission is aimed at incapacitating, destroying, or temporarily deteriorating air defense networks such as enemy surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), which is a representative mission supported by electronic warfare. This paper develops a simulator for analyzing the effectiveness of SEAD missions under electronic warfare support using C++ language based on the DEVS (Discrete Event Systems Specification) model, the usefulness of which has been proved through case analysis with examples. The SEAD mission of the friendly forces is carried out in parallel with SSJ (Self Screening Jamming) electronic warfare under the support of SOJ (Stand Off Jamming) electronic warfare. The mission is assumed to be done after penetrating into the enemy area and firing HARM (High Speed Anti Radiation Missile). SAM response is assumed to comply mission under the degraded performance due to the electronic interference of the friendly SSJ and SOJ. The developed simulator allows various combinations of electronic warfare equipment specifications (parameters) and operational tactics (parameters or algorithms) to be input for the purpose of analysis of the effect of these combinations on the mission effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.5_1
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• pp.1043-1059
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• 2021

Forest and agricultural land are very important factors in the environmental ecosystem and securing food resources. Forest and agricultural land should be monitored regularly. CAS500-4 data are expected to be effectively used as a supplement of monitoring forest and agricultural land. Prior to the launch of the CAS500-4, the relative canopy height error analysis of the digital elevation model on South Korea was performed to determine the vertical target accuracy. Especially, by considering area of interest of the CAS500-4 (mountainous or agricultural area), it is conducted that vertical error analysis according to the slope and canopy. For Gongju, Jeju, and Samcheok, the average root mean squared differences were calculated compared to the drone LiDAR digitalsurface models, which were filmed in autumn and winter and the 5 m digital elevation model from the National Geographic Information Institute. As a result, the Shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model showed a root mean squared differences of about 8.35, 8.19, and 7.49 m, respectively, while the Copernicus digital elevation model showed a root mean squared differences of about 5.65, 6.73, and 7.39 m, respectively. In addition, the root mean squared difference of shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model and the Copernicus digital elevation model according to the slope angle were estimated on South Korea compared to the 5 m digital elevation model from the National Geographic Information Institute. At the slope angle of between 0° to 5°, root mean squared differences of the Shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model and the Copernicus digital elevation model showed 3.62 and 2.52 m, respectively. On the other hands root mean squared differences of the Shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model and the Copernicus digital elevation model respectively showed about 10.16 and 11.62 m at the slope angle of 35° or higher.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.734-745
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• 2017

The navigation system of lunar lander are composed of various navigation sensors which have a complementary characteristics such as inertial measurement unit, star tracker, altimeter, velocimeter, and camera for terrain relative navigation to achieve the precision and autonomous navigation capability. The required performance of sensors has to be determined according to the landing scenario and mission requirement. In this paper, the specifications of navigation sensors are investigated through covariance analysis. The reference error model with 77 state vector and measurement model are derived for covariance analysis. The mission requirement is categorized as precision exploration with 90m($3{\sigma}$ ) landing accuracy and area exploration with 6km($3{\sigma}$ ), and the landing scenario is divided into PDI(Powered descent initiation) and DOI(Deorbit initiation) scenario according to the beginning of autonomous navigation. The required specifications of the navigation sensors are derived by analyzing the performance according to the sensor combination and landing scenario.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.15 no.12 s.105
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• pp.1327-1331
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• 2005

This Paper addresses what amount of whole-body vibration is exposed to Korean pilots of UH60 helicopters during their mission flight. To measure the expose4 whole-body vibration, the 12-axis whole-body vibration measurement system was used. It enables the direct measurement of whole-body vibration exposed from the body contact area consisting of the feet, hip and back. The measured 12-axis vibration signals were used to evaluate the vibration comfort level experienced by the pilots of UH60 helicopters. The evaluated vibration comfort level is found to be closeto 0.74-0.79m/s, which is equivalent to the semantic scale of 'fairly uncomfortable'. To assess the health effects of whole-body vibration exposed to Korean pilots of UH60 helicopters during their mission flight, the rms-based and VDV(vibration dose value)-based evaluation schemes, recommended by ISO 2631-1:1977, were exploited in this work. The evaluated results indicate that Korean pilots cannot avoid the fatigue-decreased proficiency limit after two-hour continuous flight. The whole-body vibration level exposed from the UH60 helicopters during continuous 10-hours mission flight is found to reach to the vibration exposure limit.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2017

In this study to develop disaster response robot in complex disaster site, we present the design of hydraulic manipulators for armored robot systems. To this end, we performed voice of customer researches with firefighters and rescue personnel. We created and analyzed the mission scenario of firefighters and rescue personnel in complex disaster situations, and derived the required functions of the robot to successfully perform missions. A heavy-duty, heat resistant, dexterous hydraulic robot manipulators is designed to realize the required functions. The designed robot has been verified through simulations and analysis in terms of the working area of the robot, actuating torques, and temperature analysis.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.355-358
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• 2007

This paper is aimed that preparing to make good plan for great city ports, like Gwangyang port which is growing rapidly in Asia as a hub port. But I am worrying about the capacity of Gwangyang bay area to serve very great mission for the future, continuously. I hope that we are able to make good circumstances for our great ports. In this Gwangyang bay, we can realize that we may have some solutions for the traffic jam, because of the finite bay area. So I analyzed the rate of traffic jam that was derived from so many great ships to come and use the Gwangyang bay area. As a result, in recent year, 2005, 2006, ratio was growing rapidly, so we need so we need good works for this region.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.752-759
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• 2012

This paper presents a mission orbit design method for spacecraft which use the sun-synchronous and ground repeat orbits. In this work, we have proposed a new design procedure, "Nonlinear simulation-based numerical optimization technique" using the commercial S/W's such as STK (Satellite Tool kit) and Matlab, which are widely adopted S/W's in the area of orbital mechanics and engineering analysis. Inclusion of all the perturbation effects on the spacecraft not only can more precisely satisfy the mission requirements for sun-synchronicity and repeated ground track, and also operational requirements such as minimum change in the S/C local time, maximization of the contact time with a specified ground station, etc. can be appropriately considered. Design examples for LEO sun-synchronous mission are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method in this paper.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1197-1199
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• 2003

ROCSAT-2 mission is to daily image over Taiwan and the surrounding area for disaster monitoring, land use, and ocean surveillance during the 5-year mission lifetime. The satellite will be launched in December 2003 into its mission orbit, which is selected as a 14 rev/day repetitive Sun-synchronous orbit descending over (120 deg E, 24 deg N) and 9:45 a.m. over the equator with the minimum eccentricity. National Space Program Office (NSPO) is developing a ROCSAT-2 Image Processing System (IPS), which aims to provide real-time high quality image data for ROCSAT-2 mission. A simulated ROCSAT-2 image, based on Level 1B QuickBird Data, is generated for IPS verification. The test image is comprised of one panchromatic data and four multispectral data. The qualification process consists of four procedures: (a) QuickBird image processing, (b) generation of simulated ROCSAT-2 image in Generic Raw Level Data (GERALD) format, (c) ROCSAT-2 image processing, and (d) geometric error analysis. QuickBird standard photogrammetric parameters of a camera that models the imaging and optical system is used to calculate the latitude and longitude of each line and sample. The backward (inverse model) approach is applied to find the relationship between geodetic coordinate system (latitude, longitude) and image coordinate system (line, sample). The bilinear resampling method is used to generate the test image. Ground control points are used to evaluate the error for data processing. The data processing contains various coordinate system transformations using attitude quaternion and orbit elements. Through the qualification test process, it is verified that the IPS is capable of handling high-resolution image data with the accuracy of Level 2 processing within 500 m.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.325-339
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• 2022

Endophytes ascertain a symbiotic relationship with plants as promoters of growth, defense mechanism etc. This study is a first report to screen the endophytic population in Waltheria indica, a tropical medicinal plant. 5 bacterial and 3 fungal strains in leaves, 3 bacterial and 1 yeast species in stems were differentiated morphologically and identified by biochemical and molecular methods. The phylogenetic tree of the isolated endophytes was constructed using MEGA X. Silver nanoparticles were biosynthesized from a rare endophytic bacterium Cupriavidus metallidurans isolated from the leaf of W. indica. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Visible spectrophotometer that evidenced a strong absorption band at 408.5 nm of UV-Visible range with crystalline nature and average particle size of 16.4 nm by Particle size analyzer. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrum displayed the presence of various functional groups that stabilized the nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction peaks were conferred to face centered cubic structure. Transmission Electron Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope revealed the spherical-shaped, polycrystalline nature with the presence of elemental silver analyzed by Energy Dispersive of X-Ray spectrum. Selected area electron diffraction also confirmed the orientation of AgNPs at 111, 200, 220, 311 planes similar to X-ray diffraction analysis. The synthesized nanoparticles are evaluated for antimicrobial activity against 7 bacterial and 3 fungal pathogens. A good zone of inhibition was observed against pathogenic bacteria than fungal pathogens. Thus the study could hold a key aspect in drug discovery research and other pharmacological conducts of human clinical conditions.