• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.570-576
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• 1999

This study was carried out to examine the effects of alcohol on serum lipid levels. Subjects of this study were 50 military officers living in Honsung, Korea, 25 of whom consumed alcohol on a regular basis and 25 of whom did not. All subjects were previously informed of the purpose of the study and the methods of food intake reporting and blood testing. The age distribution range of subjects was 30-49 years. Weight, height, and body mass index(BMI) were not significantly different between the two groups. Blood pressure was compared, and it was found that the drinker group had mean systolic(SBP) and diastolic blood pressures(DBP) 10mmHg higher than the non-drinker group. Nutrient intake levels of the two groups were not significantly different and were adequate with respect to the recommended dietary allowances. It was found that the drinker group ingested more calories, protein, fat and vitamn B1 than the non-drinker group, while the non-drinker group ingested more carbohydrate, calcium, iron, vitamin A, niacin and ascorbic acid. These differences were believed caused by increased caloric intake from alcohol and additional intake of meat served with drinks for the drinking group. Fourteen of the twenty-five drinkers(56%) had drank regularly for five to ten years. Most drinkers drank 2-3 times per week, with alcohol intake less than two bottles(720ml)of distilled liquor(Soju) at a time. Meat was often served with alcohol as reported by 72% of the drinker group, and was believed to contribute to raised intake of calories, protein and fat in this group. Serum lipid levels of both groups were classified as normal, but the components of total cholesterol, triglycerides were significantly higher in drinkers than non-drinkers. The correlation between triglyceride levels and alcohol intake at one sitting was shown to be significantly positive(r=0.57, p<0.01), so it was believed that triglyceride elevation was associated more with heavy drinking than light drinking. We can conclude that if alcohol is consumed with a normal diet, then serum cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid levels are expected to increase.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.431-453
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• 2016

The current study explored relationships of learned helplessness, depression, organizational commitment and job engagement. We investigated the mediating effects of depression between learned helplessness and organizational commitment and between learned helplessness and job engagement. Also, this study examined the moderating effects of calling between depression and organizational commitment and between depression and job engagement. we collected data from 310 military officers working at ROK Air Force air wing located at Gyeonggi-do. The results showed that depression mediated between learned helplessness and organizational commitment and between learned helplessness and job engagement, respectively. The results showed that calling moderated organizational commitment, job engagement. In the discussion section, we discussed about theoretical and practical implications of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.76-90
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• 2015

This is a basic study of the two remaining armors (artifacts number K2366, K2368) from the late Joseon dynasty that is part of the Korean costume collection, which is preserved in the Mission Museum of Saint Ottilien in Germany. The armor No. 1 (artifacts number K2366) is a coat-styled armor with brass studs. It has a U-shaped neckline with the non-overlapping collars and sleeve straight-lined inseam. The armor No. 1 has the Mu to the sides and is not back slit. Both its inner and outer material are padded with cotton. Leather mails are attached on the inner lining, and studs are attached on the outer lining to match the leather mails. For this reason, the armor No. 1 can be named MyeonPiGab (brass studded armor consisting of a cotton coat with internal leather mails). The outer material is faded to have the natural white, or antique white look and the patterns on it are indigo blue. The inner material is blue, but the original color is unknown since it is faded. The lotus blossoms and vine patterns are dyed on the surface of the outer material and a name is written on the inner material. The armor No. 1 was worn between the late 17th century and the 19th century. It is estimated that it was worn by military officers who were above the mid-rank in the end of the Joseon dynasty. The armor No. 2 (artifacts number K2368) is a coat-styled armor with brass studs and a low-cut U-shaped neckline. The armor No. 2 has a slit on the left armpit and a string around it. Studs are evenly attached on the armor. The iron mails are attached to the left chest area on its inner lining. It seems that it was designed with both formality and functionality in mind. The outer material is red flannel, the inner material is blue satin and the pads are cheesecloth. The side of its collars, cuffs, front lines, sidelines, back slit, and bottom lines are trimmed with fur. There are armors called "JeonCheolGap (brass studded armor consisting of a felt coat with internal iron mails)," which is similar to the armor No. 2, however, the similarities are limited because they are not made of the same material nor do they follow the same principle of nomenclature.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 2008

The aircraft manufacturing industry is a profitable business and has the potential to be an important export business. Our trade deficit needs to be improved in aircraft manufacturing part. Our national aircraft industry, which has been recognized for its quality in many domestic and international Air Shows, has developed the T/A-50 aircraft from the origins of the KT-1. With the ongoing development of the next generation fighter planes and helicopters, business for the next generation domestic air cargo has bright prospects. Judging by the history of the overseas air force dispatch during the Vietnam, Gulf, and Iraqi wars whose main mission was air transportation, there will be many opportunities to show the excellence of Korean air cargo in the future. The purpose of this study is to discover the optimal scale of air cargo development using the AHP method. The authors evaluated the scale of air cargo in size and capacity based on the following 5 standards used Korean developing airliner: usability, economics, technology, safety, and environmental friendliness. Then, the authors modified specific standards suitable for air cargo based on literature review Decision-making groups were chosen for suitability of expert staff in charge because they could represent for leading opinions in this specialized area especially as in practical aspects. The participants of the evaluation were pilots, transportation officers and management staff in the KAI who have experienced over 5years.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.1 s.23
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• pp.61-69
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• 1988

In this study, the number of physicians presently living in Korea was thoroughly estimated by several means and, on this basis, their productivity and level of supply were estimated. The results were as follows First, the number of physicians who did not notify the Korea Medical Association in May 1987 were 10,110, including 4,093 emigrant physicians(40.5%) ,861 military medical officers,745 public health doctors, and 107 deceased physicians. A total of 1,330 physicians could not be identified by any effort. Second, among the 34,897 registered physicians as of May 1987, 29,933(85.8%) were residing in Korea, 4,115 physicians(11.8%) had emigrated to other countries, and 849 physicians(2.4%) were deceased. Practicing physicians difined as those in Korea who were not retired, serving in the military, or completing residencies or internships, comprised 78.6%(27,414 physicians) of the total number of registered physicians. Third, it is estimated that in the year 2000 the number of registered physicians, physicians residing in Korea, and practicing physician will be 75,040, 64,038, and 57,655, respectively and these are increases of 115.0%, 113.9%, and 110.3%, respectively, compared to 1987. Fourth, the population physician ratio will be 759 to one physician in the year 2000. Fifth, the productivity of physicians, as calculated by relative values defining the productivity of 35 to 44 year-old male physicians as 10, will increase 110.7% in the year 2000 compare to that of 1987, and this increment is almost the same level as that of physician supply. From the results of the present analysis of physician manpower and supply projection, it can be recognized that the development of a regular notification system is necessary in order to identify precisely the number of physicians. Also a policy of physician supply is essential in order to adjust in advance the number of physicians, otherwise there will be surplus to the medical demand.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.73-90
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• 1998

The construction and management of the royal garden and landscape were the most significant project in Choson Dynasty. The kind of the royal garden and landscape were the rear garden of the palace, the groves of the royal shrine and orchard, etc. As the important project of the country, these constructions were controlled by the administrative system without division into the fields of engineering, building and landscaping. The purpose of this study is to investigate the administrative system. In particular, this study is focused on the construction and management of the royal garden and landscape in Hanyang from the 18th century to the late 19th century. This study is based on the analysis of historic documents and a survey of the relics. The results were summarized as follows : 1) The administrative system of the construction and management of the royal garden and landscape was composed of the government offices under Industry Board as a permanent organization - Yongjosa, Santaeksa, Chunchonsa, Songonggam, Changwonso - and Togam as a temporary organization. In addition to these organizations, there were Revenue Board, Ceremony Board, Military Board, which served as supporting organizations. The control of the construction and management of the royal garden and landscape was held by decision makers, executors of works and management. 2) The general process of the construction and management of the royal garden and landscape included Sangji and Kyuho다 as the first step; In case of buildings and facilities, according to former examples and drawings, the most of the planning and design was already fixed. In the case of landscape, those things aimed at construction according to the existing lie of the land. The works in the 2nd step; This process was divided into the construction of facilities and planting. In case of construction of facilities, those works were done by Togam and Songonggam. The high cost works were carried out through Togam and normal repairing works were completed by Songonggam. In case of planting, those works were carried out through Chunchonsa and the military. The management in the 3rd step; This process was done by two parts like the process of works. In case of facilities, management was done 효 the officers of Pongshim. In case of groves of newly - planted trees, this management was done by Tongsanbyonlgam and Tongsanjik who served cultivation and harvest of fruit trees as an expert.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2024

While reserve forces play a critical role in modern warfare, the primary focus on reserve forces has been on men. Women's reserve forces have received little attention. The purpose of this study is to examine the need to increase the number of women in the reserve and the impact of increasing the number of women on active duty. The reasons for the need for women in the military are the decrease in the resources of the reserve force as well as the regular force due to the decrease in population, the development of fields where women can perform missions with advantages due to the changing patterns of warfare, and the changing situation of gender equality and the increasing role of women in society. However, it is currently optional, not mandatory, for female veterans to join the Reserve. The number of cadres entering the reserve may decrease as the number of active-duty women increases. Using a 2018 estimate of 13.9 percent of women transitioning to the Reserve, 194 of the 1,402 projected transitioning women in '27 will transition to the Reserve. This leaves an estimated shortfall of 1,208 reserve officers and NCO. This suggests that the policy of increasing the number of women on active duty could have a significant impact on the reserve force in the future, and further policy research is needed.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.62
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• pp.255-276
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• 2020

The mandatory police system, which plays a pivotal role in securing security and securing social safety as a security assistant, is expected to face difficulties in supplying the mandatory police manpower and securing absolute police manpower in the future according to the Ministry of Defense's abolition of the conversion service system. In this situation, this study intends to provide a concrete plan to replace the mandatory police officers as security assistants, recruiting contractors from civilians who are not military service resources or regular police officers, and using them for security assistance. More ultimately, this study goes beyond securing obligatory police to reduce or abolish mandatory police, which has been dealt with in previous studies. It aims to present the rescue and operation directions so that the police can provide quality public security services. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, this study 1) analyzes the current situation of police personnel, derives the necessity and justification of securing the police personnel or increasing the number of police personnel due to changes in security demand and security environment, and 2) After discussing the necessity and direction of reorganization, 3) deriving policy implications through analysis of foreign cases operating similar systems to derive specific plans for the introduction of security contractors for private contract workers in Korea. This study reviewed the specific operation plan and legal and institutional maintenance plan of private contract workers. In order to achieve these research objectives, this study 1) analyzes the current status of the police manpower and derives the necessity and justification of securing an absolute police manpower or increasing the manpower of the police in response to changes in security demand and security environment, and the current security aid system. 2) After discussing the necessity and orientation of reorganization of exinsting system of assistant police officer, 3) derive policy implications through analysis of foreign cases utilizing security aids similar to Korea, and 4) The specific operation plan and legal and institutional maintenance plan were presented. including security aids for private contract workers in Korea, from recruitment procedures to activities.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.77-95
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• 1982

The result of this study from surveying and analyzing the present situation of educational institutes of radiologic technology, educational situation of radiologic technology, and students' attitude and recognition about the education of radiologic technology, the faculty's thought of it throughout the country from October, 1981 to April, 1982 is as follows: 1. The total number of educational institutes for radiologic technology is 11, but all of them are private colleges classified by foundation and 1,414 freshmen were admitted to enter the colleges by admission quotas of students at present in March, 1982. 2. The number of male(1965-1982) is 3,046(78.0%), that of female is 856(22.0%), and total of them is 3,904 that graduated from the departments of radiologic technology in 9 junior colleges in Korea. 3. The number of the instructional staffs in radiologic technology in Korea is 32, but among them 1 professor, 1 associate professor, 16 assistant professors and 14 full-time instructors. 4. The credits for graduation are 80-96 credits and students need required liberal arts and required major studies to get the qualification for graduation. 5. In the national examination for radio-technologist license, total 7,150 persons took the examination, but only 2,796 persons passed it, therefore, the average passed rate is 39.1% from the year 1965 to 1982. 6. 61.3% of students expressed dissatisfaction about their campus lives, the reason of which is mainly poor educational facilities(26.7%), insufficient number of faculty(21.2%) and negative Recognition on junior college from society, etc. 7. About the education of their major studies of colleges, 70.9% of students answered that they were short of laboratory works and clinical trainings rather than theoretical lessons. 8. The chief problem in practice works is about facilities and equipemtns for practice (students 39.1%, faculty 68.8%), and about the fact that too many students usually work at a time(students 17.1%, faculty 21.9%), etc. 9. 87.4% of students and 93.8% of faculty answered that clinical training in school is necessary. 10. Students' viewpoints on the radiologic technologist and the attitudes on the profession as a radiologic technologist are approximately affirmative. 11. Fields of employment to advance after graduation are mainly the fields related to their major studies(hospital, clinic, health clinic, industrial companies related and military officers of medical technology, etc.), which fields arc predominant to 74.5% rather than non-related fields(enrols into 4 year colleges, etc.). 12. 85.2% of students, 87.5% of the faculty expressed their opinions that the present academic years of 2 should be lengthened more. 13. 90.7% of the faculty expressed their opinions that the present students quotas should be reduced in whole or in part.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.81-101
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mental similarity and internal locus of control, which are the characteristics of an organizational member, and individualism and power distance, which are an individual's sense of value, on mentoring function in an informal mentoring relationship of ROK army. For corroborative analysis, the sample was collected from 547 questionnaires, which contain validate data out of 1,000 questionnaires distributed to junior officers working at ROK army's division level unit. The data proved that, First, mental similarity and internal locus of control positively effected upon mentoring function. Second, individualism positively effected upon mentoring function while power distance had a negative effect on it. Thus in an informal mentoring relationship of ROK army, a mentee perceived as he or she gains more support from mentoring function when a mentee recognizes higher mental similarity, individualism, and is in an internal locus of control. On the other hand, a mentee who perceived higher power distance felt as he or she gets less support from mentoring function. Through this investigation, the significance of influential components of mentoring function in a mentoring relationship of ROK army was demonstrated, and these research results could be highly supportive for a future research based on mentoring relationship.