• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2018

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by E. granulosus is a serious helminthic zoonosis in humans, livestock and wildlife. Xinjiang is one of high endemic province for CE in China. A total of 55 sheep and cattle livers containing echinococcal cysts were collected from slaughterhouses in Changji and Yining City, northern region of Xinjiang. PCR was employed for cloning 2 gene fragments, 12S rRNA and CO1 for analysis of phylogenetic diversity of E. granulosus. The results showed that all the samples collected were identified as G1 genotype of E. granulosus. Interestingly, YL5 and CJ75 strains were the older branches compared to those strains from France, Argentina, Australia. CO1 gene fragment showed 20 new genotype haploids and 5 new genotype haplogroups (H1-H5) by the analysis of Network 5.0 software, and the YLY17 strain was identified as the most ancestral haplotype. The major haplotypes, such as CJ75 and YL5 strains, showed identical to the isolates from Middle East. The international and domestic trade of livestock might contribute to the dispersal of different haplotypes for E. granulosus evolution.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.5-25
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• 2009

Since the end of the 1950-1953 Korean War, many scholars and policymakers have expressed concern about the possibility of another conflict on the peninsula. In certain respects, the post-1953 North-South Korea relationship resembles the Cold War that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union, 1945-1990. Although a "hot" never occurred, peace was never guaranteed. By looking at international theories (i.e., realism and liberal theory) and by utilizing casual-loop diagram analysis, the main purpose of this research is to explore on the likelihood of peace and war on the Korean peninsula. First, several factors (e.g., economic stagnation of North Korea, unstable political systems, and so on) emphasized by realism perspectives are significantly related to the likelihood of conflict between North and South Korea. Conversely, several determinants (e.g., economic assistance to North Korea, inter-dialogue between two Koreas, cultural and social exchange, and so on) emphasized by liberal approaches are significantly related to likelihood of peace on the Korean peninsula. Given the two different interpretations about the likelihood of conflict or peace, it can be argued that a second military action might occur on the Korean peninsula if realism theories are true. However, if practical factors exist on the Korean peninsula, the two Korean can optimistically expect a peaceful reunification in the future, without interference from other countries.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.519-520
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• 2010

R-410A 냉매를 적용한 9,000 Btu 군용에어컨은 2 1/2톤 쉘터카고 차량에 탑재된 쉘터를 냉, 난방하기 위해 사용된다. 이 에어컨은 차량에 탑재된 쉘터의 벽면에 설치되기 때문에 차량 이동 중의 진동, 충격 환경에서 그 기능이 유지되어야 하며, 이에 대한 진동시험을 실시한다. 진동시험은 MIL-STD-810G, 514.5C-VII Composite Wheeled Vehicle 규격에 따라 수행하며, 동특성시험을 통해 확보된 입력 진동값을 진동 규격과 비교하여 적합성을 판단한다.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2017

With the advances of high-performance, lightweight hardware components and control software, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have expanded in terms of use, not only for military applications but also for civilian applications. To complete their task at a remote location, UAVs are generally equipped with a camera, and various sensors and types of hardware devices can be attached according to the particular task. When UAVs capture video images and transmit them into the user's interface, augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies as a user interface may have advantages in controlling the UAV. In this paper, we review AR and VR applications for UAVs and discuss their future directions.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.39-57
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• 2022

Instead of developing new guided missiles, converting unguided missile into guided ones by adding guidance and controlkits hasbecome aglobaltrend.Ofthemost efficient andwidelyused thrust vector control(TVC) techniquesin rocketry isthe jet vanes placed inside the nozzle divergentsection. Upon deflecting them, lift created on the vanesistransferred to the rocket generating the desired control moment. The presentstudy examinesthe concept of using an add-on jet vaneTVC kit to a plain nozzle.The impact of adding the kit with different vaneslocations and deflectionanglesisnumericallyinvestigatedbysimulatingtheflowthroughthenozzlewiththekit.Twohingelocations are examined namely, at 24% and 36% of nozzle exit diameter. For each location, angles of deflection namely 0°, 5°, 10°, and 15° are examined. Focus is made on variation of control force, thrust losses, lift and drag on vanes, jet inclination, and jetflow structure withTVCkit design parameters.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.120-138
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• 2006

A city evolves over time. It grows, transforms, and sometimes degrades. Chuncheon is at a turning point from a city souggling with regulations regarding clean water supply and a military encampment to a masterpiece city with a sustainable vision. The city is getting ready to restructure itself to become a world-famous culture and tourism complex expanding its physical boundary across the Camp Page site and absorbing Jungdo as a major tourist attraction. The landscape in the future blueprint of Chuncheon will play a great role in restructuring urban form. The regenerated in will have a new networked open space system as well as re-evaluated landscape resources. The hybrid theoretical practice called 'landscape urbanism' burgeoning in the fields between 'landscape architecture' and 'urbanism' can guide us in considering the terms of the relationship between a city and landscape when we design a future city Landscape urbanism is considered to be an effective framework by which we can diagnose the current status of a landscape in our contemporary urban design practice in Korea. This paper tries to provide a different perspective from the viewpoint of landscape urbanism to decipher the hidden implications of the social agreement on the role of landscape in urban structure by re-reading eight design proposals presented for the ChunCheon G5 international design competition based on the main principles of landscape urbanism. The G5 design competition is a great opportunity to test out new ideas on a city, demonstrating the relative values among various urban-design professional realms. First, this paper provides an overview of the main ideas of landscape urbanism based on the literature review and case studies. Second, framework categories are suggested in order to extract the explicit and implicit ideas on the landscape. Third, eight proposals are reviewed according to the suggested categories to situate the current landscape design of Korea within the mainstream of contemporary practice of landscape urbanism. Based on the review of eight proposals, the following diagnostic conclusions are made; first, the ideas of landscape urbanism have not been actively introduced in large-scaled urban landscape projects in Korea like Chuncheon G5. Second, it remains to be a big task for landscape professions to be able to participate in design consortiums on an equal footing. Third, In order to introduce and reify the ideas of landscape urbanism in Korea, it is inevitable and critical to test the ideas in both academic fields and professional practices to find the appropriately adjusted model of landscape urbanism.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.171-179
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• 2004

Today, the number of vehicle increased rapidly with the development of modem science technology, and it caused serious problems; traffic jam, accident and pollution etc. One of the solve methods these problems it is necessary to develope the vehicle navigation systems and it is already widely used to in field of military etc. Vehicle navigation system can increase the efficiency of traffic flow and offer at a drivers at a best driving conditions. In the vehicle navigation, most important thing is to measure of correct position. There are classifiable as three types. The first is G.P.S., method at artificial satellites which measures the present position and velocity any time, any where in the world at the same time. Secondly, a vehicle can determine its position and path information with a gyroscope and odometer signal, which is called Dead-Reckoning method. Thirdly, hybrid navigation system is the combined of two methods to make utilize the advantage of each navigation system. In the paper, we are analyzed to characteristics at a gyro sensor and introduce at a composition of hybrid navigation system which is combined with the G.P.S., D.R., and map-matching technique. We analyze deeply for the Map-Matching method and explain the coordinate transformation for G.P.S., and the Hybrid navigation algorithm is developed and experimented. Finally, we conclude and comment about our road test results.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

In this paper, design requirements of the large radar were investigated, and development was performed through the analysis and design. Large radar should be designed by bearing the 75 knot wind force and $20kg/m^2$ ice mass as operating conditions in order to meet structural stability, and driving torque and bearing load were calculated for securing the driving stability. Thermal dissipation analysis was performed considering TRM and DC-DC Converter's limitation temperature by $50^{\circ}C$ ambient temperature condition in order to attain thermal stability, and PSD and shock analysis were carried out by using MIL-STD-810G vibration and shock specification in order to transport and installation of the large radar. As a result, all components of large radar could secure the structural stability more than 2.8 factor of safety, and driving stability was also secured with adequate bearing fatigue life. Thermal stability was attained by allowable max temperature 88.7 C of the TRM, and structural stability for transportation and installation of the large radar was also secured more than 5 factor of safety. After it was transported and installed to the radar site, operating capability was finally verified by rotating the large radar.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2009

나프탈렌과 TNT는 미국 환경청(U.S. EPA)에서 규정한 발암가능성 물질로(Group C), 환경으로 방출될 경우 수생태계와 인체에 심각한 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 지하수 내 두 물질의 미량 분석법에 대한 기존연구는 매우 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 HPLC-FLD(Fluorescence etector)와 MSD(Mass detector)를 이용한 지하수 내 나프탈렌 및 TNT의 미량분석법을 개발하여, MDL과 LOQ 및 이온영향을 조사하고, 현재 사용되고 있는 HPLC-UV 분석법과 비교 평가하였다. 나프탈렌의 경우, 3D-Fluorescence를 통하여 확인된 최고의 파장(Ex: 270 nM, Em: 330 nM)이 HPLC-FLD에 적용되었고, $0.3\;{\mu}g/L$의 MDL과 $2.0\;{\mu}g/L$의 LOQ가 획득되었다. 이는 현재 방법(HPLC-UV; MDL: $23.3\;{\mu}g/L$, LOQ: $163.1\;{\mu}g/L$)보다 약 80배 우수한 결과이며, U.S. EPA의 음용수 권고기준($700\;{\mu}g/L$)의 약 350배 이하까지 정량분석이 가능한 수치이다. TNT의 경우, 새롭게 제시된 HPLC-MSD로 측정한 방법(MDL: $0.13\;{\mu}g/L$, LOQ: $0.88\;{\mu}g/L$)이 HPLC-UV(MDL: $16.8\;{\mu}g/L$, LOQ: $117.5\;{\mu}g/L$ at 230 nM)보다 약 130 배 우수한 것으로 조사되었고, U.S. EPA의 음용수 권고기준($20\;{\mu}g/L$)보다 약 23배 낮은 농도까지 정량분석이 가능한 것을 확인하였다. 또한 HPLC-UV(230 nM)의 분석법은 ${NO_3}^-$ 농도가 증가할수록(특히 21 mg/L 이상) 크로마토그램의 기준선이 증가하여 정량에 방해를 주었으나, HPLC-MSD 분석법은 국내 지하수 평균 농도보다 약 3.5배인 63.7 mg/L에서도 분석의 영향 없이 안정한 크로마토그램을 보여주었다. 따라서 새롭게 제시된 HPLC-FLD와 MSD에의한 나프탈렌과 TNT 분석법은 지하수 및 음용수 미량분석에 적합하며, 관련분야 연구에 크게 도움이 될 것이다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.2666-2675
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• 2024

This study explores the potential for tritium production in North Korea's 5MWe graphite-moderated reactor, a facility primarily associated with nuclear weapons material production. While existing research on these reactors has largely centered on plutonium, our focus shifts to tritium, a crucial element in boosted fission bombs. Utilizing the MCNP6 code for simulations, the results estimate that North Korea can possibly produce approximately 7-12 g of tritium annually. This translates to the potential production of 1-3 boosted fission bombs each year. By incorporating tritium production into assessments of North Korea's nuclear capabilities, our methodology provides insights into the dynamics of the country's nuclear force, revealing a more diversified and complex composition than previously assumed. The findings significantly aid policymakers, regulatory bodies, and researchers in comprehending potential proliferation risks associated with graphite-moderated reactors and in developing strategies to address the nuclear threat emanating from North Korea.