• 농촌계획
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.221-232
• /
• 2014

초고령화된 한국 농촌에서 다양한 교육 및 직업 배경을 가진 중장년층 귀농인구의 유입은 고령화 문제에 대한 대안의 하나로 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 농가 고령화에 대한 귀농인구의 잠재적인 기여도 측면에서 귀농인구의 지역별 유입 유출 패턴을 분석하였다. 분석에는 로그선형모형과 총합레퍼런스코딩을 사용하였고, 분석자료는 통계청의 2013년 귀농 통계이다. 분석결과에 의하면, 귀농인의 절반 정도가 수도권에서 비수도권 지역으로 이주한 인구이고, 이들을 제외하면 귀농인의 대부분은 원 거주지가 있던 도 내에서 이동하고 있다. 귀농인의 귀농 전 대비 귀농 후 지역 내 오즈비(odds ratio)는 지역별로 차이가 있으며, 귀농인의 성별과 연령에 따라서도 지역별 유입 유출패턴이 다르다. 이는 귀농인 유입의 긍정적 효과를 높이기 위해서는 지자체별 차이를 반영한 특화된 정책이 필요하다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.70-77
• /
• 2022

Skeletal muscle tissues feature cellular heterogeneity, including differentiated myofibers, myoblasts, and satellite cells. Thanks to the presence of undifferentiated myoblasts and satellite cells, skeletal muscle tissues can self-regenerate after injury. In skeletal muscle regeneration, the collective motions among these cell types must play a significant role, but little is known about the dynamic collective behavior during the regeneration. In this study, we constructed in vitro platform to visualize the migration behavior of skeletal muscle cells in specific conditions that mimic the biochemical environment of injured skeletal muscles. We then visualized the spatiotemporal distribution of stresses arising from the differential collectiveness in the cellular clusters under different conditions. From these analyses, we identified that the heterogeneous population of muscle cells exhibited distinct collective migration patterns in the injury-mimicking condition, suggesting selective activation of a specific cell type by the biochemical cues from the injured skeletal muscles.

• 대한지리학회지
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.167-184
• /
• 2016

본 논문은 중국 조선족의 이주과정을 시기별로 해석하고 각 시기에 따른 이주공간의 변화를 조선족 인구분포의 변화를 통해 밝히려고 하였다. 중국 조선족의 이주는 19세기 말부터 본격적으로 일어났으며, 1910년까지의 난민 월경기, 1930년까지의 정치 이주기, 1945년까지의 강제 이주기, 그리고 해방이후 최근까지의 경제 이주기로 나누어 그 특징을 고찰할 수 있다. 1910년대와 1930년대, 2000년대의 변화과정을 고찰하면 중국 조선족의 이주는 벼농사의 재배와 밀접한 관련이 있으며 초기에는 국경 인근에 벼농사가 유리한 지역으로 우선 이주가 시작되어 그 주변으로 조선족 취락이 확대되는 접촉확산으로, 1930년대 강제이주에 따라 철도를 따라 집단촌이 건설되고 2000년 이후 연해도시를 중심으로 집적지가 확대되는 계층확산으로 해석이 가능하다. 중국 조선족의 디아스포라 공간은 초기에 형성된 인구밀집지에서 지속적으로 인구가 증가하고 안정적으로 유지되었으나, 최근 농촌공동체에서 도시공동체로 변화하고 동북3성 위주의 단일지역 분포 패턴에서 연해 대도시와 해외이주가 포함된 다지역 분포 패턴으로 변화하고 있다.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.9-21
• /
• 2007

This research investigated the retired elderly who had moved to rural areas. The propose of the study was to examine the point at which there must be a difference in the patterns of a return to farming and determine the actual condition of their preparations for migration. This study had surveyed 408 seniors who wereare over 50 years old and had moved to rural areas after their retirement and analyzed the data by the SPSS PC 11.0 program. The results were as follows. First, the relevancy of U-turn, J-turn, and I-turn types that were affected by social demography was found to be dependent on their education levels and family patterns. Second, the actual conditions of the process of preparation by the types of a return to the farming were different according to the motivation and preparation fund. Nevertheless, the most important factor was the influence of their spouses. Third, the actual conditions of the process of adaptation by the patterns of a return to the farming showed no difference between the degree of efforts of the social supportand elevation of the friendship among the neighbors. The recognition of rural life problems were more acquainted towards the area of farming life. Among the 6 problem areas, leisure, health care, and economic problems were highly considered.

• 암석학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.168-177
• /
• 1995

Crystal boundaries in igneous rocks are genetically classified in order to predict the geometric patterns of the boundaries which may aid deciphering the textural code in igneous rocks. Crystal boundaries may be formed by two end-member processes;(1) mechanical and (2) chemical removal of interstitial melt. Mechanical removal of the melt will form displacement impingement boundaries, while chemical removal of the melt will form growth impingement boundaries. The positions of boundaries relative to the material points may be affected by secondary processes such as (1) migration and (2) dissolution. The geometric features of crystal boundaries, suggested in this study, may be useful when studying igneous textures and processes, although it may be impossible to determine the suggested features with the analytical techniques currently avilable.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.77-81
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to determine menthol migration from the tobacco to the filter and the change in percentage of menthol in pack for different mentholated cigarettes. Methanol was used to extract menthol from tobacco, filter and foil. A known weight of internal standard was added to each extract and then the extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography. After 4 days, 95% of the menthol applied to the foil was delivered into the tobacco and filter, but in case of menthol applied to the tobacco, the percentage of menthol that migrated from the tobacco to the filter was below 10%. After 100 days, 30-45% of the menthol in the tobacco had migrated into the filter. The amount of menthol in the pack decreased after 20 days of storage, however, the remaining menthol in cigarette treated with 0.30% propylene glycol was higher in amount than that with 0.12% propylene glycol In analysis on menthol transfer to mainstream smoke, the most efficient sample was the cigarette with menthol applied to the foil rather than to the tobacco.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.295-305
• /
• 2017

Purpose: We previously found that the histone methyltransferase suppressor of variegation, enhancer of zeste, trithorax and myeloid-nervy-deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3) is a potential independent predictive factor or prognostic factor for overall survival in gastric cancer patients, but its roles seem to differ from those in other cancers. Therefore, in this study, the detailed functions of SMYD3 in cell proliferation and migration in gastric cancer were examined. Materials and Methods: SMYD3 was overexpressed or suppressed by transfection with an expression plasmid or siRNA, and a wound healing migration assay and Transwell assay were performed to detect the migration and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, an MTT assay and clonogenic assay were performed to evaluate cell proliferation, and a cell cycle analysis was performed by propidium iodide staining. Furthermore, the expression of genes implicated in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) pathway and proteins involved in cell cycle regulation were detected by polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. Results: Compared with control cells, gastric cancer cells transfected with si-SMYD3 showed lower migration and invasion abilities (P<0.05), and the absence of SMYD3 halted cells in G2/M phase and activated the ATM pathway. Furthermore, the opposite patterns were observed when SMYD3 was elevated in normal gastric cells. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence that the absence of SMYD3 could inhibit the migration, invasion, and proliferation of gastric cancer cells and halt cells in G2/M phase via the ATM-CHK2/p53-Cdc25C pathway. These findings indicated that SMYD3 plays crucial roles in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells and may be a useful therapeutic target in human gastric carcinomas.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between population migration and population inequality in rural areas. This study conducted a case study on the eup·myeon(rural)areas in Chungcheongbuk-do. First, the population migration was divided into four patterns, and the characteristics of population migration in rural areas were analyzed based on the net migration. The analysis results showed that there was serious migration between rural areas, and the population in rural areas mainly moved out to urban areas within the province, but the urban population outside the province moved out to rural areas. The main areas of population inflows included areas such as Deoksan-eup, Jincheon-gun, Osong-eup and Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si. Second, the Theil index was used to quantitatively analyze the level of population inequality between rural areas. The Theil index of the population aged 0~14 increased from 0.38 to 0.53, that of population aged 15-64 increased from 0.22 to 0.30, and that of population aged over 65 increased from 0.07 to 0.09, indicating an increase in population inequality. Finally, due to the continued large-scale inflows of population into Osong-eup and Ochang-eup, the Theil index of total population in Cheongju-si increased from 0.13 in 2009 to 0.23 in 2020, which meant that the level of population inequality had increased. Similarly, due to the continued large population inflows into Deoksan-eup, the Theil index of total population in Jincheon-gun increased from 0.14 in 2009 to 0.18 in 2020, which meant that the level of population inequality had increased. In conclusion, large-scale population inflows into specific areas will lead to an increase in the level of population inequality.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2000

본 연구는 중부지역의 중심지로 발전하고 있는 대전광역시를 대상으로 노령화 지구의 공간적 분포 패턴을 분석하고자 하였다. 그 결과 노령화 지구는 대전광역시 CBD지역과 CBD인접지역, 그리고 주변지역간에 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내고 있으며, 그 분포에 있어서도 양극화 현상이 뚜렷함을 확인하였다. 그리고 인구감소지구는 노령화지구와 대체로 중복되어 있고, 비노령인구의 전출에 의하여 노령인구비율이 높아지고 있으며, 인구증가지구는 노령화 지구와 전혀 중복되어 나타나지 않고, 비노령인구의 전입에 의해 노령인구비율이 낮아지고 있다. 인구이동에 의한 노령인구의 증가여부를 확인하기 위하여 각 그룹별로 연령 코호트 분석방법을 이용하여 노령화 지구의 출현요인을 분석한 결과, 인구노령화의 진행 은 인구의 사회적 증감률 변화와 매우 밀접하게 관련되어 있고, 특히 비노령인구의 전출에 의해 노령인구비율이 높아지고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. CBD지역과 CBD인접지역을 포함한 중심시가지에서는 결혼, 새로운 주택취득에 의한 세대분리 등의 전출, 즉, 비노령인구의 전출이 인구노령화를 촉진하는 주요인이 되고 있고, 반면 주변지역에서는 비노령인구의 지구의로의 전출뿐 아니라 새롭게 노령인구로 편입되어져 가는 연령층 인구와 사망률의 저하에 따른 평균수명의 연장으로 인한 노령인구의 절대적 증대가 인구노령화를 촉진하는 요인으로 작용하고 있다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.287-292
• /
• 2007

We monitored a breeding population of the Asian toad (Bufo gargarizans), in the Wonheunge pond at Sannamdong, Chungju, from 5 March to 11 April, 2006 and 14 February to 31 March, 2007 to investigate their movement patterns, breeding population sizes, and physical characteristics. Terrestrial migration to the pond started on 5 March in 2006 and 14 February in 2007. We captured a total of 266 immigrating individuals (213 males, 53 females) in 2006 and 307 (222 males, 85 females) in 2007, and found 50 adults apparently killed by motor vehicles while migrating to the pond in 2007. Emigration from the pond to terrestrial sites started on 15 March 2006 and 5 March 2007. We captured a total of 245 emigrating toads (181 males, 65 females) in 2006 and 99 (92 males, 7 females) in 2007. An additional 10 emigrating adults were found dead on the road. During both the immigration and emigration periods, two peaks in capture frequency appeared for each sex in each breeding season. The immigration peaks corresponded with higher temperatures, while the emigration peaks corresponded with high humidity. Migrating Asian toads showed sexual size dimorphism and a male-biased sex ratio. Body weights and SVL (snout-vent length) of immigrating and emigrating individuals were negatively related with migration dates.