• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2003

Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland is a rare benign neoplasm predominantly diagnosed in middle-aged women. Carney et al. first described this entity that may mimic paraganglioma, medullary carcinoma and papillary carcinoma in 1987. We describe cytologic and histopathologic features of a case of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma combined with occult papillary carcinoma in the opposite lobe. A 55-year-old woman presented with nontender palpable mass of the right neck for 6 months. The aspirate was cellular and contained small clusters and sheets of epithelial cells with abundant filamentous, vacuolated, and ill-defined cytoplasm. The nuclei were slightly pleomorphic and showed nuclear overlapping, nuclear grooves, and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions. Histologic examination showed hyalinizing trabecular adenoma in the right lobe and occult papillary carcinoma in the left lobe.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

Objective : This study was a covariance structural analysis to identify korean medicine health promotion behavior by the general characteristics of the subjects and build a predictive model and theoretical framework based on Pender's health promotion model(1996) and related literature reviews. Method : A hypothetical model was consisted of 8 theoretical variables and 27 measured variables. Related variables included Individual Characteristics and Experience, Behavior-specific cognitions and affect and Behavioral outcome. The data was collected from 802 middle and old-aged people living in Seoul and Gyeong gi province through structured questionnaires by face to face interviews between February and March, 2014. SAS ver. 9.1 and AMOS 18.0 programs were used for the data analysis. Results : Difference in the verification of Korean medicine health promotion behavior by the general characteristics, Older people who are male, with higher economic status, no chronic disease or with diabetes, no smoking, no drinking, with more exercise showed significantly higher scores, but education level has no difference. 15 paths were statistically significant among 16 paths on the direct effect, 6 paths were statistically significant among 9 paths on the indirect effect in the hypothetical model. The greatest impact variable on Korean medicine health promotion behavior was perceived self-esteem. Also, the findings showed that the higher perceived social support, perceived health status, previous Korean medicine health promotion behavior, community environment, perceived benefit and the lower perceived barrier had a significant effect on Korean medicine health promotion behavior. Conclusion : This research model has an empirical validity as the variables of this study verified their effects and significances. Therefore, the understanding of Korean medicine health promotion behavior can be increased and the utilization will be higher when seeking a comprehensive health promotion plan. Also, a strategy can be utilized the strategy for Korean medicine health promotion behavior.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.5 s.262
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• pp.419-422
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• 2006

Benign symmetric lipomatosis (BSL), also called Madelung's disease, is a rare disease in middle-aged chronic alcohol user. The cause of BSL is unknown. A 63 year-old man with rapid growing lesions in both shoulders for 2 months visited our hospital. Except for cosmetic problem, no abnormal finding was found in blood cell analysis and chemistry; however, excessive fat deposition was found on radiographic findings. Lipoma was revealed in pathologic examination and BSL was diagnosed clinically. Patient is being followed up without any specific problem.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.381-387
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• 1994

Plummer-Vinson syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by dysphagia, iron deficiency anemia, cheilosis, glossitis, and cervical esophageal web, especially in middle aged women. Recently, the authors experienced a case of Plummer-Vinson syndrome. A 53-year-old female was admitted due to intermittent solid food dysphagia for 18 months. She had a 2 years history of iron deficiency anemia. On admission glossitis, fissures at the angle of the mouth, spoon nails, and iron deficiency anemia were noted. Esophagogram and esophagoscopic examination revealed thin walled concentric web at upper esophagus. Esophageal web was succefully teared by endoscopic balloon dilatation with subseguant improvement of dysphagia. Skin manifestations as well as anemia were markedly improved after oral iron replacement therapy.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.160-169
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to search and analyze the realities and needs of life long education, the necessity and perception of life competencies and the difference of competencies on experiences of education to support life long education system for adult learners in Busan and Ulsan. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 234 adult learners living in Busan and Ulsan. The results of this study were summarized as follows. First, adult learners perceived that life long education was very important to adults and appreciated an educational institution being managed by government. Second, adult learners thought that basic literacy competency and basic work competency were important and late fifties perceived that professional job is in important. Third, adult learners perceived that self directed learning and capacity of management are poor competencies. And they perceived that the government support adult learners who has economical difficulty. Forth, adult learners perceived that it was normal that 'professional job' and 'job transition abilities', 'women', 'the middle aged and old','the unemployed' and' low incomers' perceived that they have poor level. Fifth, according to the results of ${\chi}^2$ test for determining the statistical significance of differences in experience in lifelong learning among adult learner groups divided by their individual background, significant differences were observed in a few competencies(p<.05, p<.01).

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.13-24
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• 2003

Regarding leisure and work as very important in residential life of old ages, this study analyzed their preference by leisure and work for senior congregate housing, which can provide proper work and leisure activities for older people who are able to manage their social activities with healthy condition. It conducted a survey of middle aged of the 50's who would face problems of senior housing in 2010, with stratified sampling by region, sex and housing structure type. Totally 556 Questionnaires were used for the final analysis. The research results showed that, first, the group which was positive toward their works mostly had spouse of the age of early 50' s and work for professional, technological, managerial positions with good health. Second, the more positive group towards their work showed high willingness to move in senior congregate housing, than a negative group towards their work, and put a weight on the openness of shared space and facilities as well as various alarming equipments, common space, common programs and the ability of managers. Third, according to the attitudes toward leisure activities, there were differences in each group by housing structure type, education of their own or their spouses, monthly income, property, economic ability, health condition, living together with spouse, housing tenureship, and usable area of houses. The fourth was that those who enjoy active leisure activities presented high willingness to move in senior congregate housing than those of negative attitude and also there was a difference in managerial ways. Throughout the results of the study, it appeared that a group of positive attitude toward work and leisure, than that of negative attitude, recognized the importance of senior congregate housing which social and leisure programs could support. It implied necessary to develop housing for the older people who have enough ability to manage their leisure activity as well as their work. The study is likely to have a contribution to suggest practical data for helping the development of housing for self-reliant seniors by analyzing their preference on senior congregate housing by their attitudes toward work. The research for the factors of various designs and managements by leisure and work may become the following research theme of the study.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of body types of adult woman under 155cm in height. To do this, direct measurement data showed that only 660 women aged 20~69 years old and under 155cm tall were classified, and their body type characteristics were analyzed. There are 51 body measurement items used in the analysis. The results of the study are as follows: As a result of the comparison of the body size of all adult women and women under 155cm, it was seen that short women were smaller than the all women, and were flattened with a slightly plump and bendless body. Factor analysis was performed to classify the body type of short women. Six factors including body size, body height, shoulder length and width, waist back length, hip length, and shoulder angle were measured. The results of cluster analysis, using factor scores, were classified into three types. Type 1 is taller among short women and slightly slimmer, and is an A-shape. Type 2 has the largest BMI and was the middle stature among short women It is the most obese body type and is an H-shape. Type 3 is short and plump, with a poor hip and is a Y-shape. As a result of crossover analysis, there was a difference in the body type characteristics of each age group. After all, the body type of the short adult women under 155cm was clearly different from those of all adult women, there was also a difference in the body type among short adult women.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 2008

Introduction: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin (LELCS) is a rare cutaneous tumor of low grade malignancy and microscopically resembles lymphoepitheliomatous malignancies in the nasopharynx, palatine tonsils, salivary glands and uterine cervix. LELCS presents as scarlet-colored firm nodules or plaques on the face, scalp, or shoulder of middle-aged to elderly individuals. Material and Methods: A 72 year-old female had complained a papule like lesion with intermittent pruritis on the left temple for 2 years. But the lesion was changed to scarlet-colored firm nodule with ulceration. The mass was diagnosed as LELCS on the biopsy. And to confirm that the mass is not metastatic lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma from other sites or direct tumor extension from the nasopharynx, selective radiographic and laboratory tests were done carefully. Results: Wide excision was performed with general endotracheal anesthesia. The tumor is composed of island of large epithelial cells surrounded by as dense infiltrate of lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical staining with cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen(EMA), the tumor cells were positive reaction for stain. And Epstein-Barr virus genome was not detected by in situ hybridization. So, the tumor was confirmed as LELCS. Conclusion: LELCS was described by Swanson at 1988, but has not been reported in the field of plastic surgery of Korea. We report a case of primary LELCS that occurred in the left temple with clinical characteristics, histologic features and references.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 1988

The main problem of consumer behavior is choice since the outcome of me of a choice can only be known in the future, consumers are forced to deal with the risks of und\certainty. So, perception of risk is pivotal aspect of consumer behavior. This study was designed to investigate the relationships between purchasing behavior of textile and perceived risk. Data were obtained from 276 housewives. ANOVA, x2-test were employed to analyse the data. The result were : 1. general features of textile purchase behavior are as follows. Blend wools and pure wool products are prefered. Fall is the major season in purchasing textile. Wholesalers, department stores and agent stores are prefered. Purchasing decision making process independent upon not only textile itself but the practice value of the textile. Purchasing textile, married young women depend on outward shape of the textile, middle and old aged groups depend on the economic value of the textile and the credibility of the stores. 2. Perception of risk is relatively high in the preference of store, color/design, and psycological uncertainty. But the perceived risks is relatively low in brand, price and social credibility. 3. There is significant relationship between the recognition rate of risk and the sensitiveness of the consumer. In addition, there are strong relationship between the risk rate and the preference of shop, brand, and price. On the other hand, there are no significant relationship between the color, design, and sociopsyco-logical risk and demographic variables. 4. The perceived risk of consumer would be a key stone to grasp the consumer behavior. The product company needs to provide full information which could reduce the perceived risk of consumer. there attitude would help for the mutual interests. In the future research, we need to develop the precise methods for finding variables on the perceived risk during the process of making purchase intention.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.683-693
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• 1997

Urinary incontinence is defined as the involuntary and inappropriate loss of urine to failure to emit normal responses as the bladder fills, or inability to reach the bathroom in sufficient time. This study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of urinary incontinence and to determine the correlates of urinary incontinence among women. Subjects of this survey consisted of 408 women, 26 to 83 years old in Incheon. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Of the subjects 50.7% reported urine loss once or twice per year and 28.5% reported incontinence on a regular basis at least once per month. 2. 40.5% of women reported small volume accidents of only 1 to 2 drops, 31.4% ; 1 t-spoon, 16.9% : 1 T-spoon, while 10.1% of women couldn't estimate the volume of urine loss. 3. The volume of urine loss was great enough to require a change of garment (undergarments or outer garments) in 73%. But only 3.8% of those used some type of pads. 4. 56.5% of incontinent women didn't talk about their urinary incontinence with other persons because they felt that urinary incontinence was shameful(38.4%), was not a disease(31.6%), was incurable in spite of treatment(27.4%) and was fearful of being uncured (2.6%). 5. Only 15.5% of urinary incontinent women had sought treatment. 6. The incidence of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in women who had more pariety and uterine-ovarian disease, older age, worrying about where toilets were when they visited new places or voiding anxiety, nocturia and frequency, but was significantly lower in women who had coffee intake. The incidence of urinary incontinence was not related to smoking and enuresis. The results indicate that urinary incontinence is common among young and middle-aged women. That few seek treatment for urinary incontinence suggests a need for more information about women's attitudes toward urinary incontinence and more attention to this problem by health care providers.