• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analysis the composition on the centrifugal casting and the oxide on the casting temperature. Methods: The nickel based alloy were used in this study. Wax pattern specimens (10*10*2) were invested with phosphate-bonded investment in metal rings, the liquid/powder ratio and overall burn-out schedules for these investments were followed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. After casting, the alloy specimens were evaluated as regards composition(EPMA). The casting temperatures were as follows: $1400^{\circ}C$ and $1700^{\circ}C$. The quantitative analysis of oxides were scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and line scanning. Results: Nearer the injection lines showed that there is a large amount of nickel. Quantitative of oxides of Ni-Cr alloy cast from $1400^{\circ}C$ is lager than Ni-Cr alloy cast from $1700^{\circ}C$. Conclusion: Casting when using a centrifugal casting machine centrifugal force affects the composition of the alloy. The higher the temperature, the amount of oxide that is generated many.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구과학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.111-115
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• 2006

최근 경기도 가평지역에서 새로운 철운석이 발견되었으며, 이는 한반도에 낙하(fall) 또는 발견(find)된 운석 중 다섯 번째 기록이다. 가평운석(가칭)은 북위 $37^{\circ}52'08'$, 동경$127^{\circ}27'54'$, 고도 147m 지점에서 발견되었으며, 운석의 분류상 철운석에 속한다. 가평운석의 표면은 지표상에서 풍화를 받은 흔적이 나타나나, 내부는 비드만스태튼 무늬(Widmanstatten pattern)와 같은 철운석의 특징이 잘 보존되어 있다. 가평운석의 암석학적, 광물학적 기재와 분류를 위해 주사전자현미경(Scanning Electron Microscope) 및 전자 현미분석기(electron probe micro-analyzer)를 이용했다. 풍화의 산물인 철산화물이 나타나는 최외각부를 제외하면 가평 운석은 거의 순수한 철-니켈 금속광물(Fe-Ni metal)로 이루어져 있다. 이 중 니켈 함량이 적은 카마사이트(kamacite)가 대부분이며 소량의 태나이트(taenite)가 산출되어 비드만스태튼 무늬를 구성한다. 비드만스태튼 무늬의 특징에 의한 분류에 따르면 가평운석은 중립질 또는 조립질 옥타헤드라이트(octahedrite)에 속한다. 철운석은 화학적으로 열 개 이상의 하부그룹으로 세분되며, 가평운석의 정확한 하부그룹으로의 분류는 친철원소에 대한 미량분석이 추가적으로 필요하다. 가평운석의 냉각률은 $^{\sim}1^{\circ}C/Ma$이하로 나타나며, 이는 가평운석이 천천히 냉각된 비교적 규모가 큰 소행성의 핵에서 유래했음을 지시한다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1156-1168
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• 2008

This study investigated the preceding studies and concept of Glam Rock style, modernistically reinterpreted its aesthetic function and symbolism and connected them to design. It analyzed according to the standards for classification the Glam Rock style appearing mainly in the collections from 2002 S/S to 2007 S/S and presented four pieces of design through the analysis. Its findings are synthesized as follows. First, unstructured design constitutes mule stressing gold cubic overall. It takes an unstable form by the placement of unshapely front ball of foot from transforming Chopin and a relatively poor heel. Second, over trimming constitutes separated pumps in the form of over trimming irregularly a piece of broken glass, metal and thumb tack. Third, Mix & Match combines Boot body of flexible knit material with an acrylic wedge sandal. Fourth, a platform sandal has the structure of color contrast between yellow and bronze in calf fur of tiger-skin pattern. I hope that this study will be developed by reflecting Glam Rock spirit and style as cultural phenomena through analyzing Glam Rock style and presenting design according to selected standards for classification, inferring plastic beauty of fashion shoes from them, investigating the change and feature of age-specific shoe design and making a new attempt possible.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.43-51
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• 1986

The highly accurate laser holographic interferemotry method was used to determine in what way low-magnitude forces during maxillary expansion are transmitted to the entire maxillary complex and its surrounding structures. The experiments were carried out on a dryed human skull which had a perfectly preserved, normally aligned maxillary dental arch and intact alveolar process. The skull was fixed within a constructed metal frame which ensured maximal stability of the object. The optical equipment and the object were mounted on antivibration table. Interferograms were taken on the lateral and frontal sides of the maxillary complex, using the 10mW He-Ne laser and the double-exposure method. Analysis of the fringe pattern on the recorded object surface was performed by graphically determining the deformation curves related to the bony surface in selected horizontal and vertical planes. On the basis of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. The density of the interference fringes was gradually increased with the degree of expansion force. 2. Mechanical reactions on the maxillary complex, circummaxillary sutures, and surrounding bones were clearly visible, even with the lowest loading degree. 3. The amount of bone displacement was greater in application of the force after $90^{\circ}$ turn than in initial application of the same force. 4. The direction of interference fringes on the bony surface was similar at all loading degrees.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.430.1-430.1
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• 2014

According to advanced nanotechnology in the field of biomedical engineering, many studies of the interaction between topography of surfaces and cellular responses have been focused on nanostructure. In order to investigate this interaction, it is essential to make well-controlled nanostructures. Electron beam lithography (EBL) have been considered the most typical processes to fabricate and control nano-scale patterns. In this work, $TiO_2$ nanowire array was fabricated with hybrid process (top-down and bottom-up processes). Nanodot arrays were patterned on the substrate by EBL process (top-down). In order to control the spacing between nanodots, we optimized the EBL process using Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as an electron beam resist. Metal lift-off was used to transfer the spacing-controlled nanodots as a seed pattern of $TiO_2$ nanowire array. Au or Sn nanodots which play an important role for catalyst using Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) method were patterned on the substrate through the lift-off process. Then, the sample was placed in the tube furnace and heated at the synthesis temperature. After heat treatment, $TiO_2$ nanowire array was fabricated from the nanodots through VLS method (bottom-up). These results of spacing-controlled nanowire arrays will be used to study the interaction between nanostructures and cellular responses in our next steps.

• 폴리머
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.380-384
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• 2005

Sodium montmoillonite 혹은 sodium montmorillonite가 삽입된 macromer의 존재 하에서 fluoroalkyl methacrylate와 아크릴산을 라디칼 공중합하여 불소화 아크릴계 이온성 고분자/sodium montmorillonite 복합재료를 제조하고, 이들의 X-선 회절 특성, 인장물성, 수분흡수율 등 물리적 성질을 조사하였다. 또, 이들을 이용하여 이온성 고분자-백금 복합재료(IPMC)를 제조하여 수 볼트의 외부 전위에 의한 전류 흐름 및 변위 거동을 측정한 결과, sodium montmorillonite가 이온의 이동을 방해하여 전류 및 변위량의 감소를 초래함을 관찰하였다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.124-131
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• 1999

Copper film, which is expected to be used as interconnection material for 1 giga DRAM integrated circuits was deposited on hole and trench patterns by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition(MOCVD) method. After a reflow process, contact and L/S patterns were filled by copper and the characteristics of the Cu reflow process were investigated. When deposited Cu films were reflowed, grain growth and agglomeration of Cu have occurred in surfaces and inner parts of patterns as well as complete filling in patterns. Also Cu thin oxide layers were formed on the surface of Cu films reflowed in $O_2$ambient. Agglomeration and oxidation of Cu had bad influence on the electrical properties of Cu films especially, therefore, their removal and prevention were studied simultaneously. As a pattern size is decreased, preferential reflow takes place inside the patterns and this makes advantages in filling patterns of deep submicron size completely. With Cu reflow process, we could fill the patterns with the size of deep sub-micron and it is expected that Cu reflow process could meet the conditions of excellent interconnection for 1 giga DRAM device when it is combined with Cu MOCVD and CMP process.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2002년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.647-650
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• 2002

A lateral type GaN field emission diodes were fabricated by utilizing metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). In forming the pattern, two kinds of procedures were proposed: a selective etching method with electron cyclotron resonance-reactive ion etching (ECR-RIE) or a simple selective growth by utilizing $Si_3N_4$ film as masking layer. The fabricated device using the ECR-RIE exhibited electrical characteristics such as a turn-on voltage of 35 V for 7 ${\mu}m$ gap and an emission current of ${\sim}580$ nA/10tips at anode-to-cathode voltage of 100 V These new field emission characteristics of GaN tips are believed to be due to a low electron affinity as well as the shorter inter-electrode distance.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.1
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• pp.219-222
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• 2003

In this paper, we designed a Ku-band BPF(Band Pass Filter) by microstrip line that most usually used a microwave device design and fabrication. Here a substrate of designed BPF were silicon substrate(${\varepsilon}_r=11.8$), and metal line was copper and silver/copper structure. And a configration of BPF was used hairpin pattern. A center frequency of designed BPF was 10GHz and their FBW(Fractional Band Width) was 20%(2GHz). It presented simulated results obtained for a 10GHz filter which yields an insertion loss of 0.1dB that ripple value related chebyshev reponse. Finallt we tried to make that a 30dB attenuation frequency was 20% of center frequency.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.108-114
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• 2005

The generation of fine relics of suspensions is a significant interest as it holds the key to the fabrication of electronic devices. These processes offer opportunities for miniaturization of multilayer circuits, for production of functionally graded materials, ordered composites and far small complex-shaped components. Some novel printing methods of depositing ceramic and metal droplets were suggested in recent years. In an electro-hydrodynamic printing, the metallic capillary nozzle can be raised to several kilovolts with respect to the infinite ground plate or pin-type electrode positioned a few millimeters from the nozzle tip. Depending on the electrical and physical properties of the liquid, for a given geometry, it Is possible to generate droplets in any one of three modes, dripping, cone-jet and multi-jet. In this experiment, an alumina suspension flowing through a nozzle was subjected to electro-hydrodynamic printing using pin-type electrodes in the cone-jet mode at different applied voltages. The pin-type electrodes of 1, 100, 1000${\mu}m$ in diameter were used to form fine ceramic patterns onto the substrates. Various feature sizes with applied voltages and electrode diameters were measured. The feature sizes increased with the electrode diameter and applied voltages. The feature size was as fine as $30 {\mu}m$.