• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.117-132
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• 2023

The most prevalent and oldest type of structure is unreinforced masonry (URM) structures; URM walls are still a widely used construction material in India and many other developing countries due to their simplicity, ease of construction, economic sustainability, and ability to be built with locally available materials. URM walls are significantly weak while carrying lateral loads. The poor performance of URM walls during earthquakes has necessitated investigating an effective method for strengthening a newly built masonry building or retrofitting an old structure. Wire mesh, being cost-effective and easily available, satisfies the requirements to strengthen new and old URM buildings. The use of wire mesh to strengthen and retrofit the URM structure is simple to use, quick to construct, and inexpensive, especially in developing nations where heavy machinery and highly qualified labour are lacking. The current paper reviews the effectiveness of steel wire mesh as a reinforcing material for enhancing masonry strength. The finding gave encouraging results for the field application of wire mesh.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.79-83
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• 2014

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are applied in the emerging fields of building integrated photovoltaic and electronics integrated photovoltaic like small portable power sources as demands are increased with characteristic advantages. Highly flexible dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) prepared on single stainless steel mesh were proposed in this paper. Single mesh DSSCs structure utilizing the spraying the chopped glass paper on the surface treated stainless steel mesh for integrating the space element and the electrode components, counter electrode component and photoelectrode component were coated on each side of the single mesh. The fabricated single mesh DSSCs showed the energy-conversion efficiency 0.50% which show highly bendable ability. The new single mesh DSSCs may have potential applications as highly bendable solar cells to overcome the limitations of TCO-based DSSCs.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.659-665
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• 2010

The finite element method(FEM) is proven to be an effective approximate method of structural analysis if proper element types and meshes are chosen, and recently, the method is often applied to solve complex dynamic and nonlinear problems. A properly chosen element type and mesh yields reliable results for dynamic finite element structural analysis. However, dynamic behavior of a structure may include unpredictably large strains in some parts of the structure, and using the initial mesh throughout the duration of a dynamic analysis may include some elements to go through strains beyond the elements' reliable limits. Thus, the finite element mesh for a dynamic analysis must be dynamically adaptive, and considering the rapid process of analysis in real time, the dynamically adaptive finite element mesh generating schemes must be computationally efficient. In this paper, a computationally efficient dynamically adaptive finite element mesh generation scheme for dynamic analyses of structures is described. The concept of representative strain value is used for error estimates and the refinements of meshes use combinations of the h-method(node movement) and the r-method(element division). The shape coefficient for element mesh is used to correct overly distorted elements. The validity of the scheme is shown through a cantilever beam example under a concentrated load with varying values. The example shows reasonable accuracy and efficient computing time. Furthermore, the study shows the potential for the scheme's effective use in complex structural dynamic problems such as those under seismic or erratic wind loads.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.2C
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• pp.193-200
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a motion estimation method using hierarchical triangulation that changes the triangular mesh structure according to it's motion activity. The subdivision of triangular mesh is performed from the amount of motion that is calculated from the variance of image difference. As a result, node distribution is concentrated on the region of high activity. The subdivision method that makes it possible to yield hierarchical triangular mesh is proposed as well as the additional information reduction coding method for hierarchical mesh structure is described. By the simulation, proposed method have better performance than the conventional BMA(Block Match Algorithm) and the other mesh based method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.599-607
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• 2001

In Conventional BMA, the motion vector can describe only translational movement and blocking noise is generated. To overcome this defect, motion estimation using triangular mesh has been proposed. The regular mesh is the method of dividing the image area into equal size triangle and haying the same node connection. It has no additional information about mesh structure, but do not reflect the real motion because it represents the regions by equal mesh structure regardless of the amount of motion. In this paper, motion estimation using dynamic regular mesh is proposed, In this method, the mesh structure is varied from the amount of motion and maintain the form of regular mesh. By the simulation, proposed method have better performance in PSNR and is superior to the other method in convergence rate.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.71-84
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• 2016

The finite element method is wide used in simulation in the biomechanical structures, but a lack of studies concerning finite element mesh quality in biomechanics is a reality. The present study intends to analyze the importance of the mesh quality in the finite element model results from humeral structure. A sensitivity analysis of finite element models (FEM) is presented for the humeral bone and cartilage structures. The geometry of bone and cartilage was acquired from CT scan and geometry reconstructed. The study includes 54 models from same bone geometry, with different mesh densities, constructed with tetrahedral linear elements. A finite element simulation representing the glenohumeral-joint reaction force applied on the humerus during $90^{\circ}$ abduction, with external load as the critical condition. Results from the finite element models suggest a mesh with 1.5 mm, 0.8 mm and 0.6 mm as suitable mesh sizes for cortical bone, trabecular bone and humeral cartilage, respectively. Relatively to the higher minimum principal strains are located at the proximal humerus diaphysis, and its highest value is found at the trabecular bone neck. The present study indicates the minimum mesh size in the finite element analyses in humeral structure. The cortical and trabecular bone, as well as cartilage, may not be correctly represented by meshes of the same size. The strain results presented the critical regions during the $90^{\circ}$ abduction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1275-1277
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• 2022

Structure-from-Motion(SfM), Multi-view Stereo(MVS)이 이용되는 3D Reconstruction 과정에서 생성된 3D 포인트 클라우드는 RGB 영상에 기반하여 생성되므로 실제 객체 혹은 Scene 과 달리 point 와 point 간에 존재하는 빈 공간이 발생한다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 3D 포인트 클라우드를 이용하여 3D Mesh 를 복원하는 Mesh Reconstruction 과정을 거치게 된다. 본 논문에서는 Mesh Reconstruction 과정에서 자유공간 지지도에 기반해 수정한 가중치를 이용하는 효율적인 방법을 제안한다. 실험을 통하여 제안한 알고리즘을 이용한 복원 결과가 기존보다 개선됨을 보인다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2024

A zinc mesh sacrificial anode cathodic protection method is recently being developed to protect the reinforced concrete structure in a marine environment. However, comprehensive information regarding the cathodic protection technology applied to reinforced concrete test specimens utilizing zinc mesh sacrificial anodes remains limited. Particularly, no research has investigated the effective range of sacrificial anode cathodic protection in a reinforced concrete structure regarding the transmission of protection current from zinc mesh sacrificial anode to the reinforced concrete structure, particularly concerning effects of temperature variations. This study examined the distribution of potential and current using a long single rebar and several segment reinforcing bars inside a horizontal beam. Vertical pile specimens were applied with a zinc mesh sacrificial anode to simulate concrete bridges or harbor structures. To check the effect of cathodic protection, cathodic protection potential and current of the reinforced concrete specimens were measured and 100 mV depolarization criterion test was performed. It was confirmed that effect of cathodic protection varied depending on resistivity and temperature. The cathodic protection test of pile specimens revealed that the maximum reachable range of cathodic protection current was 10 cm from the waterline as observed in the experiment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.325-326
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• 2009

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.933-961
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• 2015

Damage by high-speed impact fracture is a dominant mode of failure in several applications of concrete structures. Numerical modelling can play a crucial role in understanding and predicting complex fracture processes. The commonly used mesh-based Finite Element Method has difficulties in accurately modelling the high deformation and disintegration associated with fracture, as this often distorts the mesh. Even with careful re-meshing FEM often fails to handle extreme deformations and results in poor accuracy. Moreover, simulating the mechanism of fragmentation requires detachment of elements along their boundaries, and this needs a fine mesh to allow the natural propagation of damage/cracks. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is an alternative particle based (mesh-less) Lagrangian method that is particularly suitable for analysing fracture because of its capability to model large deformation and to track free surfaces generated due to fracturing. Here we demonstrate the capabilities of SPH for predicting brittle fracture by studying a slender concrete structure (column) under the impact of a high-speed projectile. To explore the effect of the projectile material behaviour on the fracture process, the projectile is assumed to be either perfectly-elastic or elastoplastic in two separate cases. The transient stress field and the resulting evolution of damage under impact are investigated. The nature of the collision and the constitutive behaviour are found to considerably affect the fracture process for the structure including the crack propagation rates, and the size and motion of the fragments. The progress of fracture is tracked by measuring the average damage level of the structure and the extent of energy dissipation, which depend strongly on the type of collision. The effect of fracture property (failure strain) of the concrete due to its various compositions is found to have a profound effect on the damage and fragmentation pattern of the structure.