• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2002

Background : An increased frequency of reproductive endocrine disorders and polycystic ovary(PCO) has been reported in women with epilepsy. A possible role of the seizure disorder or, of the use of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) has been suggested as the pathogenic mechanism. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of reproductive endocrine disorders, such as PCO or menstrual abnormalities, in a series of women with epilepsy, examining the possible relationships of these disturbances with different epilepsy syndromes and AED treatment. Methods : Thirty epileptic women, all of reproductive age and none pubertal, pregnant, or lactating, were evaluated by clinical endocrinological assessment, and pelvic ultrasonography. Seven patients were on valproic acid(VPA), nineteen on carbamazepine(CBZ), and four on diphenylhydantoin(DPH) treatment, respectively. Results : Menstrual irregularity was observed in 8 women(26.7%), dysmenorrhea in 7(23.3%), and premenstrual syndrome in 1(3.3%). Ultrasonographic examination revealed that one women(3.3%) showed polycystic ovary, 4(13.3%) had ovarian cyst(s), and 2(6.7%) had uterine myoma, respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence of menstrual abnormalities or polycystic ovary according to the different preparations of AEDs. Conclusions : Data from this investigation suggest that, in Korean reproductive age women, the treatment of AEDs and the kind of medication may not have a significant effect on the prevalence of menstrual abnormalities or ultrasonographic polycystic ovary.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.3 s.31
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• pp.180-188
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• 2006

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of skin disease, particularly Acne between the rotating shift work nurses and the nurses on a fixed day schedule. Methods : Questionnaries were distributed to 30 rotating shift work nurses(the rotating group) and 34 nurses on a fixed day schedule(the daytime group). The questionnaris included questions on general health concepts, insomnia skin disease(particularly Acne), gastroenteric trouble, menstrual irregularity. Result : 1. There was significant difference on skin disease(particularly Acne) between two groups. 2. There was no significant relation between Gastroenteric trouble and Acne. But, in particular, there was significant relation between Constipation, Gastritis and Acne. 3. There was no significant relation between menstrual irregularity and Acne. 4. In Acne group, more than 70% felt the necessity of treatment, but only 2.5% used Korean Oriental Medical therapy. Conclusion : Disorder of circadian rhythm affects the skin disease(particularly Acne) more than Gastroenteric trouble and menstrual irregularity. But in this study, the total number of the nurse is not enough. So we need more accurate study about the aspects of skin disease. And about the Acne, publicity of Korean Oriental Medical therapy is required.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1558-1563
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• 2018

This study, based on physical therapy interventions for menstruation disorders, observed the effect of Pilates stabilization exercises and Kinesio taping on dysmenorrhea and prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ levels. Female college students (n=37) who had >70 points on the mood disorder questionnaire (MDQ) and >4 points on the visual analogue scale (VAS) were divided into three different groups, the Pilates group (PG, n= 13), Pilates and Taping group (PTG, n=12), Taping group (TG, n=12). Pilates and taping were performed 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Pre- and post-menstruation difficulties were measured through the MDQ. Changes in blood prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ levels were also measured. Changes in pre- and post-menstrual pain and prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ levels were significantly reduced in the PG, PTG, and TG. Changes in pre- and post-menstrual pain and prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ levels resulted in significant differences in the PTG and TG. Dysmenorrhea and prostaglandin $F2{\alpha}$ levels were significantly decreased in the TG than in the PTG. These findings suggest that Pilates stabilization exercises and Kinesio taping are effective in decreasing menstrual difficulties and pain in female college students.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.121-130
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effects of Korean medical treatment in ovarian disorder patients resistant to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. There are some case-reports about effectiveness of the Korean medical treatment to treat ovulation disorder and become pregnant, but cases are still deficient. Methods: The patient was diagnosed possibility of premature ovarian failure by serum hormone assay and underwent hyperstimulation to freeze oocyte. But ovary had no response to hyperstimulation. She was treated by Korean medical treatment, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion. Results: After the treatment, the patient recovered from irregular ovulation & menstrual cycle and became pregnant and gave birth. Conclusions: This case shows the Korean medical treatment might be effective in ovarian disorder patients resistant to hyperstimulation.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.103-115
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• 1999

Objectives : A large of studies have found an association between premenstrual syndrome and affective disorder, in particular, depression. Some studies have reported that women with depressive disorders may experience menstrual cycle-associated changes in the severity of their symptoms. This study was designed to compare the characteristics of premenstrual changes between control group and affective patient group, and to assess possible risk factors for premenstrual changes in patients. Methods : Eighty normal controls and eighty outpatients given maintenance therapy with fixed dose for at least more than four weeks were asked to complete questionnaires on menstrual history, obstetric-gynecological history, and functional impairment. In addition, to compare the characteristics of premenstrual changes, 16 items based on DSM-IV criteria A for premenstrual dysphoric disorder were rated on the following scale : 0(no change), 1(mild), 2(moderate), 3(severe). Moderate or severe change in each item was considered as premenstrual change and the subjects who reported more than one premenstrual change were defined as premenstrual change group. Results : The results were as follows : 1) The percentage of premenstrual change group was 32.6% in patient group and 50% in control group. 2) Frequently reported premenstrual changes were as follows in control group : breast tenderness; anger ; affective liability ; lethargy, easy fatigability, or marked lack of energy ; abdominal pain or discomfort. In patients, the mood or behavioral changes were frequently reported. The changes were as follows : lethargy, easy fatigability, or marked lack of energy ; change in appetite; affective liability ; sense of difficulty in concentrating : hypersomnia or insomnia. 3) In the premenstrual change group, the patients with only mood or behavioral changes were significantly more than those with only physical changes or both changes. 4) The severity of functional impairment was significantly correlated with the frequency of mood or behavioral changes in patients. 5) There were no significant differences in menstrual characteristics between patients with premenstrual changes and patients without them except the severity of dysmenorrhea. And the severity of dysmenorrhea was correlated with the frequency of premenstrual change. Conclusion : The proportion of patients with affective disorder, who reported moderate-to-severe premenstrual changes, experiencing mood or behavioral changes larger than those experiencing physical changes during premenstrual period. It is possible that some patients with affective disorder, who reported premenstrual mood or behavioral changes, suffer from coexisting premenstrual syndrome with affective disorder or premenstrual exacerbation of affective disorder. Since the more premenstrual changes, the severer functional impairment, the patients reporting mood or behavioral disturbance in premenstrual period should be carefully evaluated, and appropriate therapeutic stategies might be considered.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.239-257
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• 2007

Purpose : In the part of Ob & Gy disease, the health insurance application is very limited. This study has been performed for gaining the basic data of enlargement of insurance coverage and reform of the insurance system corresponded with real clinical conditions. Methods : The survey has been practiced twice, the subjective questionnaire was used at the first survey. Then the questionnaire written using the results of first survey was distributed to the Korean medical doctors(KMD) who participated in the autumn symposium of the society of Oriental Obstetrics & Gynecology. Results : 1. The main Ob & Gy disease that the acupuncture treatment has been used actually or thought be positively necessary on the clinic were Dysmenorrhea(including premenstrual syndrome), Climacteric syndrome, Menstrual disorder, Postpartum Pain syndrome. Amenorrhea, Low back pain with pregnancy, JingHa(pelvic tumor), Infertility etc. 2. The main additional complex the sick and wounded names given to visiting patients for Ob & Gy disease as the limits of acupuncture items of insurance coverage were Low back Pain(J10), Qi-stasis(B13.0), SimHwaHangYeom(C2l.1). 3. Suitable the sick and wounded name of Ob & Gy disease thought be added in BokGangNae(Intra-abdominal acupuncture: CV13 ${\cdot}$CV16${\cdot}$CV10). TuJa(Puncture each adjoining acu-points in one insertion : SP6-GB39), TuJa(PC6-TE5) among acupuncture items of insurance coverage were Dysmenorrhea(K05). Menstrual disorder(K02) and Dysmenorrhea(K05), Hyperemesis(K16.0). 4. Climacteric syndrome(K04) and Dysmenorrhea(K05) should be added as suitable the sick and wounded name of TuJa(SP6-GB39), and Postpartum pain syndrome(K29) as KwanJeolGangNea(Intra-articular acupuncture: S35, LE201). Conclusion : Standing on this study, additional survey to general KMD should be continued. And the academic verifications through the oriental medical literatures and RCT papers on acupuncture should be also required.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2004

Objective: We would like to find out the correlation between acne distribution in the jaw and the emmeniopathy. Methods: The clinical studies were made on 43 cases of acne vulgaris who visited to Department of Dermatology, Dongguk University Gangnam Oriental Medical Hospital during from August, 2002 to July, 2004. We divided the patients into two groups. A group had the emmeniopathy. B group didn't have the emmeniopathy. In the acne grade and the number of acne, we investigated the difference between A and B group statistically. We used the statical methods of student's t-test on the number of acne and wilcoxon rank sum test on acne grade. Results: The mean age was 25.8${\pm}$4.80 in A group and 27.6${\pm}$5.68 in B group. There were painful menstruation, quality of thickness, menstrual cycle disorder, menstrual amount disorder, dark purple color, premenstrual acne in A group with the emmeniopathy. The acne grade was 1.69${\pm}$1.28 in A group, 1.43${\pm}$1.28 in B group. The number of acne was 3.66${\pm}$3.15 in A group, 4.36${\pm}$4.07 in B group. P-value was 0.52 in acne grade and 0.25 in the number of acne. We investigated no difference between A and B group statistically on acne grade and the number of acne. Conclusions: We needed the further study about the factor which affect on acne distribution and emmeniopathy.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.123-123
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• 2018

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder affecting the emotional and physical health of women during certain periods of the menstrual cycle. Many researchers who have previously studied PMS have believed that PMS is associated with changes in sex hormones and serotonin levels at the beginning of the menstrual cycle. However, recent studies suggest that progesterone/estrogen imbalance and elevation of prolactin-induced by dopamine low-secretion play a crucial role in increasing PMS symptoms. Because of this, we have focused on mitigating PMS symptoms through the mechanism of prolactin secretion inhibition by dopamine receptor activation. The inhibition of prolactin secretion by 61-kinds of medicinal herb extracts was investigated in GH3 pituitary cells. Among them, Inula heleniun L. root extract (IHE) showed excellent prolactin secretion inhibitory effect. IHEs were prepared using 30, 50, and 70% ethanol. And the yield, cytotoxicity, dopamine receptor activity and inhibition of prolactin secretion of each extract were measured. Through a series of experiments, we found that prolactin secretion was significantly reduced (P<0.01) by the components present in IHE and that dopamine receptor regulation was possible (P<0.05). Considering yield and safety, we suggest the use of 30% ethanol IHE in the development of PMS symptom relief products.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.79-94
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate anti-thrombotic effect of Cheongyeoljohyeoltangkamibang extract (CYJHT). Methods: Blood flow rate through the regular volume of glass tube after the blood was diluted five times with ACD soulution. Antithrombotic effect was calculated as a percentage of the experimental animal figure protected from the paralysis of hind legs or death of the mouse that is caused from the administration of platelet aggregation regent. Results: 1. CYJHT inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by ADP, epinephrine, collagen and arachidonic acid as compared with the control group. 2. CYJHT inhibited pulmonary embolism induced by collagen and epinephrine (inhibitory rate is 50%). 3. CYJHT increased platelet number and fibrinogen amount significantly and also CYJHT shortened PT and APTT significantly as compared with the control group in thrombus model induced by dextran. 4. CYJHT increased blood flow rate insignificantly as compared with the control group in vivo. Conclusion: These results suggest that CYJHT can be useful in treating various female diseases caused by thrombosis, such as menstrual pain, menstrual disorder and so on.

• CELLMED
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.4.1-4.7
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• 2016

Dysmenorrhoea is the most important under diagnosed and undertreated gynaecologic disorder of all menstrual complaints. It affects 50% women of childbearing age and has a major impact on health and societal costs worldwideespecially in developing countries. Therefore, a literary exploration of traditional sources for aetiopathogenesis and clinical features of usr-i-tamth (dysmenorrhoea) were reviewed to correlate with contemporary knowledge.The traditional Unani sources viz., Al Hawi fi'l Tibb (Continens Liber),Tarjuma Kamil al-Sana'a al-Tibbiyya, Al-Qanun fi'l Tibb (Canon of Medicine), Dhakhira Khawarizam Shahi, Tibb-i-Akbar, Iksir-i-A'zam, Kitab al-Kulliyyat, and Kulliyyat-i-Qanun were reviewed. Further, recent studies in the contemporary era were also browsed on the website. The causes of usre-i-tamth as per classical sources are distemperament, uterine diseases (atresia, inflammation, amenorrhoea, cancer, prolapse, ulcer, tenuous morbid matter, and cervical obstruction), psychological disturbances, environmental factors, menstrual irregularities, obesity and young age. Recent studies also prove that obesity, psychological disturbance, menstrual irregularities, environmental factors, uterine diseases and young age lead to dysmenorrhea.Unani classical sources are very much enriched with the informative knowledge related to menstruation and uterine pain/dysmenorrhoea and recent studies in contemporary proves the same. Hence, implementation of the traditional system of medicines in present-day era may play a vital role to restore health in a holistic way.