• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.317-326
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• 2022

이 연구에서는 신규 보건교사들의 코로나-19 시기에 교직적응 과정에서 경험한 어려움, 해결과정, 그리고 그것이 시사하는 바를 알아보기 위해 J도에 발령받은 3명의 신규 보건교사들을 대상으로 FGI 연구방법을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 코로나-19 업무처리 과정에서 수많은 전화와 매일의 학교 현황보고 과정에서 특히 학부모들과 관계의 어려움이 있었다. 코로나-19 업무가 어느 정도 익숙해진 이후에는 보건실 업무를 혼자서 고민해야 한다는 부담감, 다양한 학생을 대상으로 한 보건 수업의 어려움, 응급상황에서 유일한 의료인으로서 전문성을 발휘해야 한다는 부담감을 느끼고 있었다. 둘째, 신규 보건교사들은 교직 적응과정에서 느낀 어려움을 해결하기 위해 온라인을 통한 보건교사 소모임, 유튜브 등을 통해 계속해서 관련 정보를 공유하며 소통하고 있었다. 셋째, 이러한 교직 적응 과정이 시사하는 바는 교육청 차원에서 신규 보건교사에게 실질적인 도움을 주는 구체적인 연수가 필요하고, 보건수업과 관련한 수업 콘텐츠 등의 인프라를 지원하는 것이 필요하다는 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.325-333
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• 2022

Heart failure (HF) has become one of the severe public health problems. The detailed role of mitochondrial function in HF was still unclear. Benzoylaconine (BAC) is a traditional Chinese medicine, but its role in HF still needs to be explored. In this study, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) was executed to mimic the injury of H9C2 cells in HF. The viability of H9C2 cells was assessed via MTT assay. OGD/R treatment markedly decreased the viability of H9C2 cells, but BAC treatment evidently increased the viability of OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells. The apoptosis of H9C2 was enhanced by OGD/R treatment but suppressed by BAC treatment. The mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated via JC-1 assay. BAC improved the mitochondrial function and suppressed oxidative stress in OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that the protein expression of p-AMPK and PGC-1α were reduced in OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells, which was reversed by BAC. Rescue assays indicated that AMPK attenuation reversed the BAC-mediated protective effect on OGD/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, BAC alleviated myocardial injury in vivo. In a word, BAC modulated the mitochondrial function in OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury by activation of the AMPK/PGC-1 axis. The findings might provide support for the application of BAC in the treatment of HF.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was two-fold: to investigate the effects of uncertainty and depression on the quality of life (QoL) of elderly people with chronic diseases and to provide basic data on the physical, emotional, and psychological factors affecting their QoL in the field of physical therapy. Methods : A questionnaire covering uncertainty, depression, and QoL was distributed among 320 elderly people. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlation between uncertainty (ambiguity, complexity, inconsistency, and unpredictability), depression, and QoL (physical, psychological, social, and living environment domains) of the respondents; furthermore, multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the factors affecting the QoL of the respondents with a chronic disease. Results : The sub-factors of uncertainty and QoL-"complexity and social domain" (r=-.295, p<.001), "complexity and living environment domain" (r=-.302, p<.001), and "inconsistency and living environment domain" (r=-.360, p<.001)-showed a negative (-) correlation, as did depression and the sub-factors of QoL-"depression and physical domain" (r=-.782, p<.001), "depression and psychological domain" (r=-.876, p<.001), "depression and social domain" (r=-.668, p<.001), and "depression and living environment domain" (r=-.731, p<.001). The factors affecting QoL were complexity (𝛽=-.122, p<.001), inconsistency (𝛽=-.102, p=.002), unpredictability (𝛽=.112, p<.001), and depression (𝛽=-.850, p<.001). The relative influence of the independent variables was in the order of depression, complexity, unpredictability, and inconsistency, and the explanatory power was 77.1 % (F=215.853, p<.001). Conclusion : It is important to help the elderly with chronic diseases reduce the negative impact on their quality of life by helping them gain support from their families and medical professionals and by increasing their understanding through communication so that they can transition from negative emotions to positive emotions of opportunity.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2022

Fine dust threatens human health in various forms, depending on the particle size, such as by causing respiratory, cardiovascular, and brain diseases, after entering the body via the lungs. The aim of this study was to correlate fine dust exposure with changes in brain blood flow in Sprague Dawley rats by using micro-positron emission tomography and elucidate the possibility of developing cerebrovascular diseases caused by fine dust. The subjects were exposured to an average fine dust (particulate matter 2.5) of 206.2 ± 7.74 to ten rats four times a day, twice a day for 90 min. Before the experiment, they were maintained at NPO to the maximize the intake of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxy glucose(¹⁸F-FDG) and minimize changes in the ¹⁸F-FDG biomass depending on the ambient environment and body temperature of the rats. PET images were acquired in the list mode 40 min after injecting ¹⁸F-FDG 44.4 MBq into the rats tail vein using a micro-PET scanner pre and post exposure to fine dust. We found that the whole brain level of ¹⁸F-FDG standardized uptake value in rats averaged 5.21 ± 0.52 g/mL pre and 4.22 ± 0.48 g/mL post exposure to fine dust, resulting in a statistically significant difference. Fine dust was able to alter brain activity after entering the body via the lungs in various forms depending on the particle size.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2023

COVID-19로 대표되는 팬데믹 상황에서 의료 인력 부족으로 인한 문제가 대두되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 진단 업무를 지원하기 위한 컴퓨터 비전 솔루션으로 PA 흉부 X-선 영상에 대한 병변 유무 진단 방법에 대해 제시한다. 디지털 영상에 대한 특징 비교 방식의 이상 탐지 기법을 X-선 영상에 적용하여 비정상적인 영역을 예측할 수 있다. 정렬된 PA 흉부 X-선 영상으로부터 특징 벡터를 추출하고 패치 단위로 분할하여 지역적으로 등장하는 비정상을 포착한다. 사전 실험으로 다중 객체를 포함하는 시뮬레이션 데이터 세트를 생성하고 이에 대한 비교 실험 결과를 제시한다. 정렬된 영상에 대해 적용 가능한 패치 특징 하드마스킹을 통해 프로세스의 효율성 및 성능을 향상하는 방법을 제시한다. 지역 특수성 및 전역 이상 탐지 결과를 합산하여 기존 연구 대비 6.9%p AUROC 향상된 성능을 보인다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.288-302
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• 2022

Objective: Community pharmacists are frontline health care providers, but have been considered as underutilized professionals on a daily basis. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify information about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on community pharmacy services and to evaluate new services that could be applicable. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for studies published up to January 10, 2020. Search terms consisted of keywords relevant to this review, including "COVID-19", "community pharmacy", and "community pharmacist". This review targeted studies of pharmacist services provided by community pharmacies in OECD member countries during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Results: Twenty-seven studies were included in this review. Changes in community pharmacist services due to the COVID-19 pandemic were broadly classified into four categories. First, as the face-to-face services became challenging, various non-face-to-face services were being tried. Second, community pharmacists directly participated in the services to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Third, community pharmacists made efforts to support continuity of care for patients who experienced difficulties due to the reduced professional care as health and medical resources are concentrated in response to COVID-19. Fourth, community pharmacist services were emerging, targeting patients suffering from greater health inequality during the pandemic. Patients expressed high demand and satisfaction for the service of the community pharmacist, and pharmacists reported self-efficacy and professional pride. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, various community pharmacist services have been tried and received positive evaluations from patients in several OECD countries.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.116-126
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• 2023

Mainly due to the slanted focus on the mechanism and regulation of neuronal aging, research on astrocyte aging and its modulation during brain aging is scarce. In this study, we established aged astrocyte culture model by long-term culturing. Cellular senescence was confirmed through SA-β-gal staining as well as through the examination of morphological, molecular, and functional markers. RNA sequencing and functional analysis of astrocytes were performed to further investigate the detailed characteristics of the aged astrocyte model. Along with aged phenotypes, decreased astrocytic proliferation, migration, mitochondrial energetic function and support for neuronal survival and differentiation has been observed in aged astrocytes. In addition, increased expression of cytokines and chemokine-related factors including plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 (PAI-1) was observed in aged astrocytes. Using the RNA sequencing results, we searched potential drugs that can normalize the dysregulated gene expression pattern observed in long-term cultured aged astrocytes. Among several candidates, minoxidil, a pyrimidine-derived anti-hypertensive and anti-pattern hair loss drug, normalized the increased number of SA-β-gal positive cells and nuclear size in aged astrocytes. In addition, minoxidil restored up-regulated activity of PAI-1 and increased mitochondrial superoxide production in aged astrocytes. We concluded that long term culture of astrocytes can be used as a reliable model for the study of astrocyte senescence and minoxidil can be a plausible candidate for the regulation of brain aging.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

Backgrounds : Doctor of Osteopathy (D.O.) in the United States have drawn attention as one of the future models of Korean Medicine doctors in Korea in that they have their own fields of care and therapies that distinguish them from medical doctor (M.D.), but are also able to carry out the treatment of general doctors. By analyzing D.O.'s specialization strategy, this study intends to preview points for establishing the future role of Korean Medicine doctors. Methods : We searched books, research papers, reports, conference presentations, and media articles, and chronologically classified and organized the collected data. In addition, the latest update information on related institutions' web pages and expert opinions released were also reviewed. Results : The D.O. emerged as a form of doctor in alternative medicine, however it rapidly turned to an M.D. substitute during the pandemic of the 1910s and World War II in the 1940s. Through the American Osteopathic Association (AOA)'s organizational activity, curriculum specialization, research development, and financial support, D.O. now has secured the status of M.D. in 50 states and federal law in the US. It has its own and exclusive full practice rights, capable of prescribing drugs and practicing surgery, as well as manual therapy. Beginning in July 2020, M.D.-D.O. achieved the full integration-unification of the professional training and residency program. Conclusions : In order to introduce the D.O. model to Korean Medicine system, it is necessary to strengthen biomedicine in the curriculum, and significantly expand the educational infrastructure and faculty manpower.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2023

Objectives: To evaluate stress patterns and coping abilities in women with infertility by conducting in-depth interviews. Methods: Ten women with infertility who visited the Korean Medicine Hospital and provided consent after being informed of the purpose and method of the study were selected after meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria. They were requested to complete a preliminary questionnaire developed by the researchers, the Infertility Stress Scale, and the Korean version of the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI). Subsequently, each participant was interviewed individually. Results: The preliminary questionnaire was used to evaluate sensitivity to each type of infertility-related stress and ability to express and resolve it. Among all infertility stress types, the largest proportion, accounting for an average of 47.5±26.95%, was that felt by the patient herself. Considering stress awareness intensity, the stress felt by the patient was the highest, with an average score of 4.30±0.64. Relative stress sensitivity due to infertility was the highest, with an average score of 3.90±0.94. Compared with general work stress, the average ability to relieve stress related to problems with spouses was the highest, with a score of 2.50±1.20. The average Infertility Stress Scale score was 2.88±1.35 and FPI score was 2.87±2.52. Conclusions: The highest stress scores were observed for the following items: meaning of children, need for parenthood, and stress due to the diagnosis of infertility. The lowest stress scores were allocated to the item concerning relationships with friends and co-workers. Based on the in-depth interviews conducted after the survey, stress in women with infertility may be classified as emotional, physical, and economic. Thus, the requirement for providing appropriate psychological and emotional support depending on the stress type in addition to general medical treatment for infertility treatment was confirmed.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2023

Objectives The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the shoulder lesions in patients experiencing shoulder pain through the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound during Korean medicine intervention treatments. Methods A total of 20 cases were collected, including biceps tendinitis (n=4), calcification (n=3), SASD bursitis (n=4), partial tear (n=2), full-thickness tear (n=1), tendinopathy (n=5), and impingement syndrome (n=1). Musculoskeletal ultrasound was used by Korean medicine doctors to perform real-time scanning and to explain the patient's condition during treatment sessions. Results The use of musculoskeletal ultrasound allowed Korean medicine doctors to perform treatments such as pharmacoacupuncture, acupotomy, and acupuncture more safely and effectively. Patients were able to better understand their conditions through real-time imaging and explanations provided by the doctors. Conclusions Musculoskeletal ultrasound has the potential to enhance the safety and efficacy of Korean medicine intervention treatments for patients with shoulder pain. Institutional or governmental support is needed to further promote the use of medical devices by Korean medicine doctors, ultimately leading to an increase in cases and clinical evidence.