• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2010

Purpose: To find the most effective method for extraction of cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) from maternal plasma, we compared a blood DNA extraction system (blood kit) and a viral DNA extraction system (viral kit) for non-invasive first-trimester fetal gender determination. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with maternal plasma collected from 44 women in the first-trimester of pregnancy. The cf-DNA was extracted from maternal plasma using a blood kit and a viral kit. Quantitative fluorescent-polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) was used to detect the SRY gene and AMEL gene. The diagnostic accuracy of the QF-PCR results was determined based on comparison with the final delivery records. Results: A total of 44 women were tested, but the final delivery record was only obtained in 36 cases which included 16 male-bearing and 20 female-bearing pregnancies. For the blood kit and viral kit, the diagnostic accuracies for fetal gender determination were 63.9% (23/36) and 97.2% (35/36), respectively. Conclusion: In non-invasive first-trimester fetal gender determination by QF-PCR, using a viral kit for extraction of cf-DNA may result in a higher diagnostic accuracy.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.121-128
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• 2019

Medical services should be provided not only to patients but also to medical staff who are the main actors of medical treatment. This paper is based on Ethnography, observing the behavior of medical staff performing medical actions and finding what is the most frequent of physical medical treatment. In particular, I observed the need for recognition and performance of the clinical workforce for invasive medical treatment. Based on the Insight from the observation and analysis of medical staff's behavior on intravenous fluid therapy and in-depth interview, I defined four design value factors. Plus, I suggest a design prototype with a proposal for designing a medical consumable kit for intravenous fluid therapy to validate the design elements. Kitting medical consumables simplify the preparation and disposal process throughout the treatment, enabling rapid medical action and increasing work efficiency.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.208-211
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• 2010

Purpose: $TFB^{(R)}$ CA19-9 IRMA kit uses beads coated with CA19-9 antibody. However, this mathod can not use automated equipment, and requires a long time test. Recently, CA19-9 IRMA kit developed by $TFB^{(R)}$ is coated with CA19-9 antibody to the polystyrene test tube and reaction at room temperature, and also reduced test time. This study evaluated the performance of a newly developed $TFB^{(R)}$ CA19-9 IRMA kit. Materials and Methods: This study were measured by using 56 patients sample of Boramae Medical Center and Seoul National University Hospital. We evaluated intra-and inter-assay precision, recovery rate, linearity, sensitivity and high dose hook effect of coated tube CA19-9 IRMA kit developed by $TFB^{(R)}$. The values of CA19-9 measured by $TFB^{(R)}$ bead kit were compared with those measured by $TFB^{(R)}$ coated tube kit. Results: ntra-assay coefficients of variation on three different levels were 4.1%, 4.0% and 4.2%. Inter-assay coefficients of variation were 7.6%, 4.3% and 7.8%. Recovery tests on all three different levels showed within $100{\pm}10%$. Linearity was good and sensitivity was 0.3 U/mL. High dose hook effect is not observed. There was strong correlation between bead kit and coated tube kit by $TFB^{(R)}$ CA19-9 IRMA kit. (y=0.9185x-0.953, $R^2$=0.9779) Conclusion: Coated tube CA19-9 IRMA kit developed by $TFB^{(R)}$ showed satisfactory precision, recovery rate, linearity, sensitivity and high dose hook effect.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 1997

We evaluated Immunochromatographic assay kit to screen HBsAg in human serum. When the reference HBsAg was applyed to ICA, HA and EIA kits, the limit of detection for HBsAg were found out to be 4, 2 and 0.25 ng/ml respectively. But ICA kit required 5 minutes to read the result whereas HA and EIA kit more than one hour. The sensitivity was 97% (29 of 30 samples) and the specificity 100% (45 samples) compared with conventional EIA. The ICA kit needs no instrument or machine to perform the test contrary to the conventional methods. Therefore, this rapid and sensitive ICA kit can be used for HBsAg-screening, especially in the emergency room and in the scene of the accident.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.158-163
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• 2019

Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases that lead to a great amount of economic losses. Prevention and diagnosis are both necessary to eradicate this disease. The identification and evaluation of different antigens of Brucella spp. play a key role in the progress of diagnostic programs. In this study, we designed, produced, and evaluated a 24-kDa polypeptide containing antigenic epitopes of VirB2, 3, and 9 of Brucella abortus for use with the ELISA kit. The produced polypeptide is appropriate for diagnosing brucellosis in bovines by a laboratory diagnostic kit, with 100% sensitivity and 97.5% specificity.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.971-978
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• 2018

The stem cell factor (SCF)/c-KIT axis plays an important role in the hematopoietic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), but its regulatory mechanisms involving microRNAs (miRs) are not fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that supplementation with SCF increases the hematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs via the interaction with its receptor tyrosine kinase c-KIT, which is modulated by miR-221 and miR-222. c-KIT is comparably expressed in undifferentiated human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. The inhibition of SCF signaling via treatment with a c-KIT antagonist (imatinib) during hPSC-derived hematopoiesis resulted in reductions in the yield and multi-lineage potential of hematopoietic progenitors. We found that the transcript levels of miR-221 and miR-222 targeting c-KIT were significantly lower in the pluripotent state than they were in terminally differentiated somatic cells. Furthermore, suppression of miR-221 and miR-222 in undifferentiated hPSC cultures induced more hematopoiesis by increasing c-KIT expression. Collectively, our data implied that the modulation of c-KIT by miRs may provide further potential strategies to expedite the generation of functional blood cells for therapeutic approaches and the study of the cellular machinery related to hematologic malignant diseases such as leukemia.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2014

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs that play important roles in normal hematopoiesis, including erythropoiesis. Although studies have identified several miRNAs that regulate erythroid commitment and differentiation, we do not understand the mechanism by which the crucial erythroid transcription factors, GATA-1and NF-E2 directly regulate and control differentiation via miRNA pathways. In this study, we identified miR-199b-5p as a key regulator of human erythropoiesis, and its expression was up-regulated during the erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. Furthermore, the increase of miR-199b-5p in erythroid cells occurred in a GATA-1- and NF-E2-dependent manner during erythrocyte maturation. Both GATA-1 and NF-E2 bound upstream of the miR-199b gene locus and activated its transcription. Forced expression of miRNA-199b-5p in K562 cells affected erythroid cell proliferation and maturation. Moreover, we identified c-Kit as a direct target of miR-199b-5p in erythroid cells. Taken together, our results establish a functional link among the erythroid transcription factors GATA-1/NF-E2, miR-199b-5p and c-Kit, and provide new insights into the coupling of transcription and post-transcription regulation in erythroid differentiation.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2017

Purpose Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a biologic marker of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), produced by normal thyroid tissue or thyroid cancer tissue. Therefore, the Tg values of DTC patients is the most specific indicator for judging whether recurrence occur or whether the remaining thyroid cancer is present. Thyroid cancer is currently the most common cancer in Korea, of which 90% is differentiated thyroid cancer. The number of patients with thyroid disease of this application also increased, and an accurate and prompt results are required. However, the incubation time of the Tg commonly takes about 24 hours in our hospital, and the result reporting time is delayed, and We could not satisfied with the requirements of clinical departments and patients. In order to fulfill these requirements, experiments were conducted by shortening the incubation time between company B's Kit currently in use and company C's Kit used in other hospitals. Through these experiments, we could perform the correlation with the original method and shortening method, and could find the optimum reaction time to satisfy the needs of the departments and the patients, and we will improve the competitiveness with the EIA examination. Materials and Methods In September 2016, we tested 65 patients company B's kit and company C's kit by three incubation ways. First method $37^{\circ}C$ shaking 2hr/2hr, Second method RT shaking 3hr/2hr, Third method 1hr/1hr shaking at $37^{\circ}C$. Fourth method RT shaking 3hr method which is the original method of Company C's Kit. Fifth method, the incubation time was shortened under room temperature shaking 2hr, Sixth method $37^{\circ}C$ shaking 2hr. And we performed and compared the correlation and coefficient of each methods. Results As a result of performing shortening method on company B currently in use, when comparing the Original method of company B kit, First method $37^{\circ}C$ shaking 2hr/2hr was less than Tg 1.0 ng/mL and the ratio of $R^2=0.5906$, above 1.0 ng/mL In the value, $R^2=0.9597$. Second method RT shaking 3hr/2hr was $R^2=0.7262$ less than value of 1.0 ng/mL, $R^2=0.9566$ above than value of 1.0 ng/mL. Third method $37^{\circ}C$ shaking 1hr/1hr was $R^2=0.7728$ less than value of 1.0 ng/mL, $R^2=0.8904$ above than value of 1.0 ng/mL. Forth, Company C's The original method, RT shaking 3hr was $R^2=0.7542$ less than value of 1.0 ng/mL, and $R^2=0.9711$ above than value of 1.0 ng/mL. Fifth method RT shaking 2hr was $R^2=0.5477$ less than value of 1.0 ng/mL, $R^2=0.9231$ above than value of 1.0 ng/mL. Sixth method $37^{\circ}C$ shaking 2hr showed $R^2=0.2848$ less than value of 1.0 ng/mL, $R^2=0.9028$ above than value of 1.0 ng/mL. Conclusion Samples with both values of 1.0 ng/mL or higher in both of the six methods showed relatively high correlation, but the correlation was relatively low less than value of 1.0 ng/mL. Especially, the $37^{\circ}C$ shaking 2hr method of company C showed a sharp fluctuation from the low concentration value of 1.0 ng/mL or less. Therefore, we are planning to continuously test the time, equipment, incubation temperature and so on for the room temperature shaking 2hr method and $37^{\circ}C$ shaking 1hr/1hr of company C which showed a relatively high correlation. After that, we can search for an appropriate shortening method through additional experiments such as recovery test, dilution test, sensitivity test, and provide more accurate and prompt results to the department of medical treatment, It is competitive with EIA test.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4259-4265
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• 2016

Background: Colorectal malignancies with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), either hereditary (Lynch syndrome) or sporadic, demonstrate better prognosis and altered response to 5FU chemotherapy. It is now recommended to perform MSI testing for all new cases of colorectal cancer regardless of being categorized as hereditary or sporadic. For MSI detection, immunohistochemistry or PCR-based protocols using a cohort of various sets of STR markers are recommended. Here we aimed to evaluate a simplified protocol using just a single STR marker, MT1XT20 mononucleotide repeat, for detection of MSI in Lynch syndrome patients. A Promega five-marker MSI testing panel and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used as the gold standard in conjunction with MT1XT20. Materials and Methods: Colorectal patients with a positive history of familial cancers were selected by evaluating medical records. Based on Amsterdam II criteria for Lynch syndrome 20 families were short listed. DNA was extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tumour and adjacent normal tissues resected from the index case in each family. Extracted DNA was subjected to MT1XT20 mononucleotide marker analysis and assessment with a commercially available five marker MSI testing kit (Promega, USA). IHC also was performed on tissue sections and the results were compared with PCR based data. Results: Eight (40%), seven (35%) and five (25%) cases were MSI positive using with the Promega kit, IHC and MT1XT20, respectively. Among the markers included in Promega kit, BAT26 marker showed instability in all 8 samples. NR24 and NR21 markers showed instability in 7 (87.5%), and BAT25 and MONO 27 in 6 (75%) and 5 (62.5%). Conclusions: Although MT1XT20 was earlier reported as a valid standalone marker for MSI testing in CRC patients, we could not verify this in our Iranian patients. Instead BAT26 among the markers included in Promega MSI testing kit showed instability in all 8 MSI-H CRC samples. Therefore, it seems BAT26 could act well as a single marker for MSI testing in Iranian CRC patients.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2006

Objectives: Early diagnosis and treatment is the most important strategy to control malaria effectively. Microscopic examination of blood films is a traditional and standard method for diagnosing malaria, which takes a long time and needs expertise, Therefore, the alternative method, rapid diagnostic kit has been used for quick diagnosis in some counties, a highly infectious region by P. vivax. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of malaria rapid diagnostic kit in Ganghwa county. Methods: The utility was evaluated by mean diagnosis time and sensitivity and specificity. For monitoring mean diagnosis time, 942 cases which were diagnosed for P. vivax were collected between 1998 and 2005, And for calculating sensitivity and specificity, 434 whole bloods in EDTA which were presented for P. vivax by microscopy and rapid diagnostic kit were collected between 2004 and 2005. Results: After malaria rapid diagnostic kit was used in 2003, mean diagnosis time has decreased to 3.36-3.14 day. The sensitivity and specificity of the rapid diagnostic kit was 98.2% and 98,5% and comparable to that of microscopic examination. Conclusions: The malaria rapid diagnostic kit is useful tool in a highly infectious region like Ganghwa county.