• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.3-4
• /
• 2003

Body weight is maintained at a relatively constant level over days and months despite variability in food intake and physical activity. To achieve energy homeostasis, the hypothalamus receives information related to energy surplus or shortage from the periphery and controls food intake and energy expenditure. Leptin, an adipocyte derived hormone, is a principal mediator that signals the brain about the stored energy status. Increased leptin signaling in the brain prevents excess energy stores by suppressing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. In addition, insulin and nutrients themselves, such as glucose and free fatty acids, also regulate food intake.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.95-112
• /
• 2018

This study aims to examine their influential relations between the start-up motivation and entrepreneurial satisfaction of women entrepreneurs mediated by entrepreneurial orientation and commitment to start-up. An empirical analysis of the 386 questionnaires collected by the cosmetics store entrepreneurs located in Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces were conducted in this study. Mediator effect use the comparison by correspondence with total effect, direct effect, indirect effect inclusive of characteristic indirect effect. To achieve the research goal, this study were analyzed on the cornerstone of combination of parallel serial mediation models with entrepreneurial orientation and commitment to start-up as mediator variable. The following is the results verified through this study. First, Rewards motivation had the significant positive effects on the entrepreneurial satisfaction in total effects of X on Y and direct effects of X on Y. Second, Achievement motivation had the positive effects on entrepreneurial satisfaction in characteristic indirect effects of X on Y. Third, Environment motivation had the significant positive effects on the entrepreneurial satisfaction in total effects of X on Y and direct effects of X on Y. Fourth, The entrepreneurial orientation and the commitment to start-up between the start-up motivation and entrepreneurial satisfaction in women entrepreneurs had the serial mediation effects. I discussed theoretical and empirical implications with these findings and described the future research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1995.04a
• /
• pp.103-103
• /
• 1995

There have been several reports regarding the effects of Panax ginseng on allergy reactions. However, they are very sporadic and no systemic yet. To study the effects of Panax ginseng on hypersensitivity, either ginseng total saponin (GTS, 200mg/kg, oral, two hours prior to experiments) or ethanol extract (50 and 200 mg/kg, oral, one week) was administered. Various parameters were employed to assess the anti-allergic actions of Panax ginseng 48hr passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), skin reactions, histamine release from rat peritoneal mast eel Is, and lipoxygenase activity. In 48hr PCA, and in skin reactions induced by chemical mediators (histamine, serotonin) and mediator releaser (compound 48/80), Panax ginseng did not suppress sensitized immune functions, rather showed tendency to increase the histamine-induced vascular permeabi1ity. Panax ginseng did not inhibit lipoxygenase activity either.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.229-236
• /
• 2016

This study attempted to identify multi-dimensional influencing factors of working condition, job stress and supervision affecting care service personnel's job satisfaction by using structural equation model. From the results of this study, first, working condition (B=.247), job stress (B=-.610) and supervision (B=.635) were analyzed to have statistically significant effects upon job satisfaction as a dependent variable. Approximately 34.9% of job satisfaction was found to be explained through variables put into research models. Second, supervision affecting job satisfaction was found to have mediation effects on job stress. It will be necessary to apply the method to effective manpower management plan through supervision in the manager education course to improve job satisfaction for social service delivery manpower as well as care service in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.28-38
• /
• 2008

In traditional oriental medicine, Gentianae Radix has been used clinically for clearing away 'heat', removing dampness and purging fire in the liver and gall bladder. However, there has been a lack of studies regarding the effects of Gentianae Radix on the immunological activities. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Gentianae Radix on the regulatory effects of cytokines and nitric oxide(NO) for the immunological activities in Raw 264.7 cells. After the treatment of Gentianae Radix MeOH extract, cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and NO production was monitored by measuring the nitrite content in culture medium. The expression of COX-2 and iNOS was determined by immunoblot analysis, and the content of levels of cytokines in media was analyzed by ELISA kit. Results provided evidence that Gentianae Radix inhibited the production of nitrite and nitrate (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), $interleukin-l{\beta}$ $(IL-l{\beta})$ and IL-6, and the activation of phospholylation of inhibitor ${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ ($p-I {\kappa}B{\alpha}$) in Raw 264.7 cells activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These findings suggest that Gentianae Radix can make anti-inflammatory effect, which may playa role in adjunctive therapy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.605-612
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the casual relationship between nurses' mentoring and turnover intention and to verify the goodness of fit between a hypothetical model and actual data in order to suggest an adequate model. Methods: The survey was conducted with 434 nurses working in general hospitals in Seoul. Data were collected during February 2013, and analyzed with SPSS Windows 18.0 and AMOS 7.0. Results: Mentoring was found to have a direct effect on decrease in role stress. Role stress had a direct effect on increase in burnout and mentoring, with role stress as a mediator, there was an indirect effect on burnout. Burnout had a direct effect on increase in turnover intention, and role stress, with burnout as a mediator, and mentoring, through role stress and burnout, an indirect effect was found on increase in turnover intention. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that nursing managers should put effort into reducing role stress and burnout, while seeking to establish a more efficient mentoring system so that for nurses, there will be a lowering of turnover intention.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2017

Background: Extracellular sulfatases (Sulfs), sulfatase 1 (Sulf1) and sulfatase 2 (Sulf2), play a pivotal role in cell signaling by remodeling the 6-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface. The present study examined the effects of Sulfs on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertensive mediator expression and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods: Ang II receptors, 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions in SHR VSMCs were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. VSMCs proliferation was determined by [$^3H$]-thymidine incorporation. Results: Basal Sulfs mRNAs expression and enzyme activity were elevated in SHR VSMCs. However, Sulfs had no effect on the basal or Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 mRNA expression in SHR VSMCs. The inhibition of Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 expression by blockade of the Ang II type 2 receptor ($AT_2\;R$) pathway was not observed in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHR VSMCs. However, Sulf2 did not affect the action of $AT_2\;R$ inhibitor on Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 expression in SHR VSMCs. The down-regulation of Sulf1 induced a reduction of $AT_2\;R$ mRNA expression in SHR VSMCs. In addition, the inhibition of Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation by blockade of the $AT_2\;R$ pathway was mediated by Sulf1 in SHR VSMCs. Conclusion: These findings suggest that extracellular sulfatase Sulf1 plays a modulatory role in the $AT_2\;R$ pathway that leads to an Ang II-induced hypertensive effects in SHR VSMCs.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.371-381
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the mediating effects of self-esteem between social comparison orientation and social network service (SNS) addiction in university students. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. The data were statistically analyzed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Sobel test and Bootstrap method, and Kappa squared mediation effect size measure were used to identify the mediator's significance. A convenience sample of 195 subjects was recruited from two universities in Korea. Results: The mean age of the subjects was $22.58{\pm}1.81$. The subjects showed relatively high levels of SNS addiction with a mean score of $14.33{\pm}4.80$. The overall model significantly explained 37.0% of variances in the subjects' SNS addiction after controlling gender, age, grade, major, period of SNS using, time spent on SNS per day, and times accessed SNS per day. Of the predictors, time spent on SNS per day, social comparison orientation, and self-esteem were significantly associated with SNS addiction. Self-esteem was the mediator between social comparison orientation and SNS addiction. Conclusion: When developing strategies for preventing SNS addiction, interventions for reducing time spent on SNS per day, not having upward social comparison orientation, and improving the self-esteem should be considered. These findings might provide a theoretical basis for developing effective strategies for preventing SNS addiction in university students.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.77-92
• /
• 2014

The objective of this study is to examine the factors influencing entrepreneurship and innovational behavior orientation in small and middle enterprise. This model tests various theoretical research hypotheses relating to entrepreneurship, innovational behavior orientation and Affective Organizational Commitment. To verify them, using a sample of 280 employees working for 31 companies in Busan, Ulsan, and Pohang, this study analyses empirically on structural relationship among them. The results of hypothesis testing are as follows. First, entrepreneurship influence innovational orientation. Second, entrepreneurship influence Affective Organizational Commitment. Finally, A mediator effect of Affective Organizational Commitment between entrepreneurship and innovational behavior orientation is a new empirical result coming out of this study. The study provides entrepreneurship and policy-HRM with more accurate information that allow them to explore significant managerial insights so as to develop appropriate policy in small and middle enterprise.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 1993.09a
• /
• pp.84-93
• /
• 1993

It has been reported that ginseng is effective in the central nervous system, immune system, and the strong inflammatory responses. However, there has been no research report yet about the effect of ginseng on allergic hypersensitivity reactivity. To confirm the ginseng effects on the release of mediators(histamine. leukotrienes etc.) which cause the hypersensitivity reactivity and inflammatory response, we used actively sensitized guinea pig airway tissues by utilizing the superfusion technique. In this procedure. the contractile response and mediators released after antigen stimulation of sensitized tissues, and IgG and IgE antibody products were measured in sera of immunized animals. Then the results of the controll group were compared to those of ginseng pretreatment groups. In the total saponin(TS) and panaxatriol(PT) pretreatment, histamine release decreased by $20\%$ in the tracheal tissues after active sensitization by ovalbumin(OVA, 10mg/kg), but in the lung parenchyma, histamine release decreased by $40\%.$ Panaxadiol(PD) significantly decreased histamine release by $40\%$ in the both tissues after active sensitization. TS, PT and PD of ginseng poorly blocked leukotrienes (LTs) and prostagrandin $D_2(PGD_2)$ release(less than $10\%$). Ginseng TS and PT had no effect on the serum IgG antibody production by ovalbumin, whereas PD significantly increased serum IgG antibody contents(approximately by 2 times). However, $IgG_1$ antibody products in the serum of guinea pig actively sensitized with ovalbumin after PD pretreatment were decreased, compared to that with ovalbumin alone. IgE antibody production by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) titer in the TS pretreatment increased 3 times more than in the absence of TS(PCA titer by PT was not detected). These studies show that some ginseng saponins can in part act to inhibit mediator release in antigen - induced airway smooth muscle by inducing the IgG antibody production which has been changed in the specificity.