• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.237-248
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• 2003

Recent evidence on behaviors in macaque monkeys indicate that the medial temporal cortical areas such as the entorhinal cortex (EC), perirhinal cortex, and parahippocampal cortex (PHC) are importantly involved in limbic and sensory memory function. Neuroanatomical studies also have demonstrated that the medial temporal cortical areas are connected with the ventral striatum, although comparatively little is known about the precise topography of these connections. We investigated the topographic organization of connections between the medial temporal cortical areas and the ventral striatum by placing retrograde tracers into five different regions of the ventral striatum: the ventromedial caudate nucleus, ventral shell, central shell, dorsal core of the nucleus accumbens (NA), and ventrolateral putamen. We found that the shell of the NA was the main projection site from the medial temporal cortical areas. Within the shell of the NA, there were also differential connections: EC diffusely innervates shell of the NA, while the projections from the perirhinal cortex and PHC concentrate on the ventral shell of the NA. Taken together, it is possible that the ventral shell of the NA is the main integration site of the limbic and sensory memory coming from the EC, perirhinal cortex, and PHC.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.239-242
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• 2013

Anomalies of the medial meniscus are rare and difficult to diagnose clinically. Among these anomalies, anomalous insertion of the medial meniscus into the anterior cruciate ligament is rare. Most of the reported cases had no relation to clinical symptoms and were found incidentally during arthroscopy. We report a rare case of anomalous insertion of the medial meniscus into the anterior cruciate ligament with a brief review of the literature.

• Knee surgery & related research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.356-363
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• 2018

Purpose: A meta-analysis was performed to assess the outcomes following surgical intervention for medial knee plica. Materials and Methods: A literature search of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL was performed using relevant key words. The primary outcome was patient-reported postoperative scores of "good" and "excellent". Meta-analyses were performed using a random effects model. Results: The literature search identified 731 articles. After removing duplicates and those not meeting the inclusion criteria, 12 articles reporting on a total of 643 knees were included for analysis, and of these, 7 articles including 235 knees were used for meta-analysis. The overall rate of good and excellent outcomes following surgery was estimated at 84.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72.8-91.4). In those cases that had non-surgical therapy prior to surgery, the rate of good and excellent outcomes of surgery was estimated at 76.1% (95% CI, 60.1-87). Conclusions: Arthroscopic surgical management of symptomatic medial knee plica results in favourable outcomes. Our results suggest that arthroscopic surgical excision should be considered as a treatment modality in patients with pathological medial plica disease of the knee either as a first-line treatment or when symptoms have not responded to non-surgical interventions. Level of Evidence: IV.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.345-350
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• 2020

Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of the endoscopic medial orbital wall repair by comparing it with the conventional transcaruncular method. This surgical approach differs from the established endoscopic technique in that we push the mesh inside the orbit rather than placing it over the defect. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 40 patients with isolated medial orbital blowout fractures who underwent medial orbital wall reconstruction. Twenty-six patients underwent endoscopic repair, and 14 patients underwent external repair. All patients had preoperative computed tomography scans taken to determine the defect size. Pre- and postoperative exophthalmometry, operation time, the existence of diplopia, and pain were evaluated and compared between the two methods. We present a case showing our procedure. Results: The operation time was significantly shorter in the endoscopic group (44.7 minutes vs. 73.9 minutes, p= 0.035). The preoperative defect size, enophthalmos correction rate, and pain did not significantly differ between the two groups. All patients with preoperative diplopia, eyeball movement limitation, or enophthalmos had their symptoms resolved, except for one patient who had preexisting strabismus. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that endoscopic medial orbital wall repair is not inferior to the transcaruncular method. The endoscopic approach seems to reduce the operation time, probably because the dissection process is shorter, and no wound repair is needed. Compared to the previous endoscopic method, our method is not complicated, and is more physiological. Larger scale studies should be performed for validation.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of strength training targeting medial quadriceps/hamstrings and non-targeting strength training on dynamic balance. Method: A total of 51 healthy subjects were randomly assigned to control, targeting strength training, or non-targeting training groups. To measure the dynamic balance, the star excursion balance test (SEBT) was performed before and after training. The SEBT parameters were compared using repeated measures ANOVA, and post-hoc paired t test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Greater anterior (p= .011), anteromedial (p= .001), medial (p< .001), lateral (p< .001), and anterolateral (p= .001) reach distances were found between pre- and post-training in the strength training targeting medial thigh muscles group. Only greater lateral reach distance was found after non-targeting strength training (p= .029). In addition, no differences were found for any SEBT scores in the control group. Conclusion: Strength training targeting medial quadriceps and hamstrings can improve the dynamic balance, thereby it positively affected in lower extremity injury risk, whereas non-targeting strength training rarely changes the dynamic balance.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2024

Osteochondromas are benign bone tumors typically found in the metaphyseal region of long bones. These tumors are often asymptomatic and detected incidentally. However, their occurrence in atypical sites such as the talus can pose significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. This report describes a rare case of osteochondroma of the medial tubercle of the talus, which is an unprecedented location based on a review of relevant literature. A 28-year-old male presented with worsening medial ankle pain and limping. Imaging revealed a lesion consistent with osteochondroma contributing to medial ankle impingement syndrome. Uniquely, this case also featured a coinciding gout attack in the ankle joint. Surgical removal of the lesion resulted in significant symptom relief and functional improvement. This case underscores the need to consider rare diagnoses, such as talar osteochondroma, when presented with persistent medial ankle pain and highlights the potential presence of concurrent conditions, such as gout.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.36-38
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• 2011

Ankle fracture and Achilles tendon rupture are common as an isolated injury. However, Achilles tendon rupture with ipsilateral ankle fracture is uncommon, and occurs by a different injury mechanism with a risk of negligence. We report a case of Achilles tendon rupture with ipsilateral medial malleolar fracture.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.163-179
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• 2017

In this paper, we introduce the notion of left derivations of BCH algebras and investigate some properties of left derivations in a BCH-algebra. Moreover, we introduce the notions of fixed set and kernel set of derivations in a BCH-algebra and obtained some interesting properties in medial BCH-algebras. Also, we discuss the relations between ideals in a medial BCH-algebras.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.365-372
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• 2010

In this paper, we show that the mapping ${\varphi}(x)\;=\;0*x$ is an endomorphism of a Q-algebra X, which induces a congruence relation "~" such that X/$\varphi$ is a medial Q-algebra. We also study some decompositions of ideals in Q-algebras and obtain equivalent conditions for closed ideals. Moreover, we show that if I is an ideal of a Q-algebra X, then $I^g$ is an ignorable ideal of X.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2001

Rearfoot control can be defined as the relative ability of a shoe to limit the amount of subtalar joint pronation immediately following footstrike. A normal amount of pronation provides a means of decreasing peak forces experienced by the leg, but excessive pronation of the foot can be arised its injures. The purpose of this study is to compare amount of pronation according to a difference between medial and later hardness of shoe midsole for better design of running shops. The experiment is examined for 7 running shoes. 8 males. to measure the Achilles tendon angle and rearfoot angle using high speed camera. The results is conducted that the changes of Achilles tendon angle significantly differ at each test shoe with increased running speed. And, a difference between medial and lateral hardness of midsole affects rearfoot motion of runner. The displacements of maximal Achilles tendon angle described a amount of pronation motion is decreased when medial hardness of midsole is large more than lateral.