• 한국음향학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2021

본 논문은 데이터의 일부만 레이블링이 되어있는 약지도 학습을 기반으로 하는 음향 이벤트 검출 시스템을 소개 및 구현하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 각 파라미터가 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 음향 이벤트 검출 시스템은 음향 신호 내에 존재하는 이벤트의 종류, 시작/종료 시점을 추정하는 시스템으로, 이를 학습시키기 위해서는 음향 이벤트 신호와 그 종류, 시작/종료 시점에 대한 모든 정보가 제공되어야 한다. 하지만 이를 모두 표기하여 학습데이터를 만드는 것은 매우 큰 비용이 들어가며, 특히 시작/종료 시점을 정확히 표기하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 따라서 본 논문에서 다루는 약지도 학습 문제에서는 이벤트의 종류와 시작/종료 시점이 모두 표기된 "강하게 표기된 데이터"와, 이벤트의 종류만 표기된 "약하게 표기된 데이터", 그리고 아무런 표기가 되어 있지 않은 "미표기 데이터"를 이용하여 음향 이벤트 검출 시스템을 학습시킨다. 최근 이러한 문제에서는 평균-교사 모델을 이용한 음향 이벤트 검출 시스템의 성능이 우수하며, 따라서 널리 사용되고 있다. 다만, 평균-교사 모델은 많은 파라미터를 가지고 있고, 이는 성능에 영향을 다소 미칠 수 있으므로 신중하게 선택되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 DCASE 2020 Task 4의 데이터를 이용하여 특징 값의 종류, 이동 평균 파라미터, 일관성 비용함수의 가중치, 램프-업 길이, 그리고 최대 학습율 등 5가지의 값에 대해 성능 분석을 진행하였으며, 각 파라미터에 대한 영향 및 최적 값에 대해 고찰하였다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.307-316
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• 2018

본 연구는 초등학교에서 로봇 활용 SW 교육을 실시하여 학생들의 CT, 로봇에 대한 태도에 미치는 효과를 알아보고 보조 교사 유무에 따른 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 서울의 A 청소년수련관의 로봇 활용 SW 교육에 참여한 초등학생 29명을 실험집단과 통제집단으로 나누고, 로봇 활용 SW 교육을 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 대응 표본 t검정, 공분산분석을 통해 평균의 차이를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 로봇 활용 SW 교육을 실시한 후 학생들의 CT와 로봇에 대한 태도가 유의하게 향상되었으나, 통제집단의 CT는 유의하게 향상되지 않았다. 또한 보조 교사 유무에 따른 사후 CT의 차이는 유의하였으며, 로봇에 대한 태도의 차이는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 로봇 활용 SW 교육의 효과를 검증하고, 보조 교사 유무에 따라 차이가 있는지 규명하여 로봇 활용 SW 교육에 대한 이해를 확장시켰다는 점에서 연구의 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.588-600
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a model of nursing competencies of nursing simulation learners. The conceptual model was based on the theory of Jeffries's simulaton theory. Methods: Data collection was conducted in October 2017 for 310 students from two nursing universities in Kyungbuk area for 20 days. Data analysis methods were covariance structure analysis using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical programs. Results: The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were comparative fit index=.97, normed fit index=.94, Tucker-Lewis Index=.97, root mean square error of approximation=.44, and standardized root mean square residual=.04. Teacher factors were directly related to simulation design characteristics, and it was confirmed that the curriculum, classroom operation and teaching method of the instructors were important factors. Learner factors were found to have a direct effect on nursing competence, self-confidence, and clinical performance that belong to nursing capacity. In particular, the results of this study indicate that the simulation design characteristics have a partial mediating effect on learner factors and clinical performance, and a complete mediating effect on learner factors and clinical judgment ability. Conclusion: In order to improve the learner's clinical performance and clinical judgment ability, it is necessary to conduct practical training through nursing simulation besides preparing the learner and the educator.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-97
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of interest in the achievement evaluation system, under the assumption that the teacher is an important element of curriculum. For this study, surveys targeting the 150 middle school teachers from 6 schools in Pusan was conducted. A questionnaire based CBAM model was used as research tools. For data analysis, mean of relative strength by teacher's level of interest was calculated. And MANOVA was used to investigate the difference among level of interest according to teachers' background such as sex, age, career, job position, and the grade they taught. The results of the analysis are summarized as follows. First, the middle school teachers' overall interest for achievement evaluation system is low. Teachers showed a typical pattern appeared in the early stages of change. They have little interest in the achievement evaluation system. And they should try to fix and change the achievement evaluation system rather than cooperate it. Second, as a result of this analysis of the difference according to teachers' background, no significant differences were found in most of the variables. Significant differences were found only in age, career, and job position from step 0. In running the post hoc, teachers who have less careers, lower positions, and younger ages had less interest in achievement evaluation system.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.327-343
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• 1996

The objective of this study were 1) to determine the stages of concern of HE teachers about the practical problem-based curriculum approach, as illustrated by the Ohio's Work and Family Life Curriculum (W&FLC); 2) to determine the relationships between home economics (HE) teacher's stages of concern about W&FLC and personal and professional characteristics of HE teachers; and 3) to determine aspects of interest about the practical problem-based curriculum approach, such as the Ohio W&FLC. Respondents in this study were 225 HE teachers. The data were collected during the in-service teacher training sessions after presentation about W&FLC. Concerns Based Adoption Model (CBAM) was modified to provide a conceptual framework for this study. Frequencies, SD, mean, mode, range were used to determine the stages of concern of HE teachers. To determine the relationships between stages of concerns and personal and professional characteristics of HE teachers, coefficient of Chi-Square contingency tables was used. Content analysis was used to determine aspects of interest about the practical problem-bsed curriculum approach, such as W&FLC. The median of the stages of HE teachers' concerns about W&FLC was Stage 1, Information Stage. About 60% of HE teachers were interested in learning more details about W&FLC. Chi-square revealed no statistically significant relationships between stages of concerns about W&FLC and characteristics of HE teachers. Content analysis was used to determine aspects of interest about W&FLC of HE teachers. Nine categories were found: content, teaching strategies, implementation of the curriculum, philosophical framework, how to adopt W&FLC, resource materials, students' outcomes, in-service teacher training, and HE teacher organization. The majority of HE teachers were interested in relationships with family and others, resource management, family relationships, personal development, communication skill, family life, creating a self-identity, life planning, roles of family members, homemaking management, child care, and parenting.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2000

최첨단 정보통신 기술의 급속한 발전과 구성주의 학습 이론을 기반으로 등장한 원격 교육에서는 학습자가 자신의 학습 과정을 주관함으로써 자신에게 필요한 지식과 기술을 습득하는 자기주도적 학습이 이루어진다. 그러나 웹 기반 원격 교육이나 구성주의에서 학습자 중심적, 주도적 학습을 강조 했을 때 그것이 곧 교사로부터의 해방이나 자유방임적 교육을 의미하는 것은 아니다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 교사 에이전트를 활용하여 학습자를 다양한 수준별로 지도할 수 있는 원격 교육 시스템 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 제안하는 모델에서 교사 에이전트는 학습자 정보를 바탕으로 학습자 개개인의 학습 수준에 맞는 학습 모델을 생성하고 평가에 의해 학업 성취 정도를 파악하여 다음 단계로의 학습 진행 여부를 제어한다. 이를 통하여 웹기반 원격 교육이 제공하는 학습 자원이 아무 목적없이 정보 검색 자체로 활용되는 문제점을 해결하고 진정한 학습자 중심의 교육을 실현할 수 있는 기반을 마련할 수 있다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.75-99
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• 2022

Objective: This study aims to explore ways to empirically analyze and manage childcare teachers' job stress based on their relationship with stress-related physiological indicators measured by a fitness tracker. Methods: The study participants were 27 childcare teachers in Gyeonggi-do and wore Garmin's wearable fitness tracker Vivosmart 4 for 15 days for three months. The collected information was analyzed for mean, SD, ANOVA, and correlation using JAMOVI 2.00. Results: First, among the daily changes of physiological indicators measured by a fitness tracker, the data collected on Mondays were significant. On Mondays, the stress index was high, the duration of the rest period was short, and the sleep time was short. The stress of childcare teachers showed a significant negative relationship with the body battery which was calculated by considering the duration of the rest period, heart rate variability, stress, and activity level. Also, the duration of deep sleep was positively correlated with a low degree of stress. There was a significant relationship between the childcare teachers' psychological indicators and the biomarkers measured by fitness trackers. Conclusion/Implications: Stress research using a fitness tracker is big data, and in-depth analysis is possible. Fitness trackers can collect and utilize repeated measurement data for each individual childcare teacher.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.205-218
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• 2002

Objectives : Because elementary school children are sensitive and prevalent to dental caries, oral health care program for the elementary school children (ESOHCP) should be met the first priority for the national oral health care program. This study was performed to proposed the guidelines for executing the efficient ESOHCP through the evaluation of present oral health care and education status based on the attitudes and opinions of health teachers. Methods : Subjects were 181 health teachers those are a part of the total 273 elementary school health teachers in Busan. From April to June 2001, questionnaire survey on the teacher's attitude and opinion, present status of oral health care and education in their own school was done. Data was analyzed by $\chi^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA using SAS (ver 6.21) program. Results : Mean age of the teachers was 40 years (24~58 years) and mean scale of the subject school was 32 classes (5~58 classes). Above 90% of them agreed with the necessity and importance of ESOHCP, but actual level of concerning was lower. They gained the informations about oral health mainly from media (33%), PC net (26%), academic society (25%), and more used internet (p=0.012) in younger generation. Though most of them (96%) had a specified school dentist, only 58% had the experience of periodic oral health examinations in their own school. The major experienced ESOHCP was fluoride brushing and contest to choose the best healthy teeth. Oral health education given by the teachers was not professional but their own. About half (42%) of the teachers had never taken education during last one year. Major education materials were VTR tape (79%), teeth model (64%), CD (55%), booklet (50%), etc., and the teachers' preference was also VTR tape (43%) and CD (41%). When they need education materials, they frequently request to dentist's association (36%), academic society (35%), but rarely to dental clinics or dentists (6%). They prefer that two times (46%) of annual oral health education, with the contents of regular brushing (53%), but lower regular visit to clinics (13%). The interest to oral health care (p=0.016) increased with teacher's age. And, they agreed regular students education in case of higher interest(p=0.044). Intention about join in the model school program was decreased with scale of school (p=0.002). Conclusions : This result showed that the present status of ESOHCP is still insufficient. It considered that the health teachers' interest and role is most important for the maintenance and success of ESOHCP. The professional and efficient education program would be focused on the health teachers to induce drive on ESOHCP.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2023

부분신장절제술 전 수술 계획을 세우기 위해서는 신장 종양의 위치, 형태 및 수술 시 안전 마진 파악이 중요하므로 신장 종양을 정확히 분할하는 것이 필요하다. 그러나 신장 종양은 환자마다 위치 및 크기가 다양하며 소장과 비장 같은 주변 장기와 형태와 밝기값이 유사하여 신장 종양을 분할하는 것에 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 레이블이 있는 데이터와 없는 데이터를 함께 사용하는 준지도학습 방법 중 하나인 평균-교사모델을 활용하여 신장의 여러 위치에서 발생하는 작은 크기의 신장 종양을 분할하기 위해 신장 위치 정보를 가지는 신장 로컬 가이드 맵을 이용해 신장 종양에 집중하는 평균-교사 네트워크를 제안하고, 신장 종양의 크기에 따른 성능을 분석한다. 실험 결과, 제안 방법은 신장 주변에 존재하는 종양의 위치를 찾기 위해 신장 로컬 가이드 맵을 사용하여 신장의 국소 정보를 고려함으로써 75.24%의 F1-score를 보였다. 특히 분할이 어려운 작은 크기의 종양에 대한 과소분할을 개선하였으며 nnU-Net보다 적은 양의 레이블 데이터를 사용하여도 13.9% 높은 F1-score를 보였다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.227-236
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was designed to develop and evaluate the a web-based simulation program on patient rights education using integrated decision making model into values clarification for nurse students. Methods: The program was designed based on the Aless & Trollip model and Ford, Trygstad-Durland & Nelms's decision model. Focus groups interviews, surveys on learning needs for patient rights, and specialist interviews were used to develop for simulation scenarios and decision making modules. The simulation program was evaluated between May, 2011 and April, 2012 by 30 student nurses using an application of the web-based program evaluation tools by Chung. Results: Simulation content was composed of two scenarios on patient rights: the rights of patients with HIV and the rights of psychiatric patients. It was composed of two decision making modules which were established for value clarifications, behavioral objective formations, problems identifications, option generations, alternatives analysis, and decision evaluations. The simulation program was composed of screens for teacher and learner. The program was positively evaluated with a mean score of $3.14{\pm}0.33$. Conclusion: These study results make an important contribution to the application of educational simulation programs for nurse students' behavior and their decision making ability in protecting the patient rights.