• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.496-500
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• 2005

To develop functional food material using Rhodiola dumulosa(RD), the biological activities such as antioxidation, antiproliferation in the cancer cells and immuno-activity in macrophage cells were investigated with hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol, methanol and water fractions of RD 80% methanol extract. Hydrogen-donating activities of hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, methanol and water fraction were 28.30, 53.21, 35.48, 42.64 and 21.14%, respectively, at a concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/mL$, and the activity of ethyl acetate fraction was similar to as that of BHT. After treated for 48 hrs, the ethyl acetate fraction decreased the proliferation of the A549 and SW480 cells in a dose-dependent manner at concentration of 10, 50, and 100 ${\mu}g/mL$, the activities were higher than other fractions. Morphology of cells treated with the ethyl acetate fraction for 48 hr at 100 ${\mu}g/mL$ was distorted with shrank cell mass, and the cell number was lower than that of control cells the macrophage cells treated. The methanol fraction was significantly induced NO production compared with untreated control cells at above 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ concentration. These results indicate that RD would be used the functional food material.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2018

Hosta is a genus of the family Asparagaceae and distributed in East Asia. There are six Hosta species (Hosta capitata (Koidz.) Nakai, H. clausa Nakai, H. jonesii M.G.Chung, H. minor (Baker) Nakai, H. venusta F.Maek., and H. yingeri S.B.Jones) native to Korea and among them, four species (H. minor, H. jonesii, H. venusta and H. yingeri) are endemic to the Korea peninsula. Hosta is generally propagated by seed, crown division or tissue culture. However, tissue culture is a more efficient method to mass proliferation, a new cultivar development and disease-free plantlet production in a limit time. Hence, we conducted this study to evaluate the influence of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) treatments on the induction of callus and somatic embryo of the six Hosta species. Leaf, petiole and root were used to select optimum tissue culture explants. Petiole explants thus only were used for callus induction and somatic embryogenesis with TDZ (0.1, 0.5 or 1.0mg/L) and NAA (0.1 or 0.5 mg/L) combinations. After 12 weeks of culture, the highest rate of somatic embryogenesis was achieved on modificated MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L NAA in H. capitata and H. minor (15.5%, respectively), 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L NAA in H. jonesii (22.2%), 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L NAA in H. yingeri (26.7%), and 0.1 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L NAA in H. venusta (53.3%). H. clausa showed very low effect on somatic embryogenesis by PGRs; 2.2%. There was interspecies difference to PGRs respond for callus and somatic embryo induction. Regenerated multiple shoots and plantlet of H. minor, H. jonesii, H. venusta and H. yingeri were obtained via somatic embryogenesis.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 1999

To establish the mass propagation system of Lavandula spica cv. Marino, shoot tip, node, internode and leaf segment cultures were carried out. RAPD was applied to detect the somaclonal variation. Callus induction was very high in the medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2.4-D, 2 mg/l NAA. especially and combined with 0.05 mg/l BAP from leaves. Shoot formation was high with $2{\sim}4\;mg/l$ BAP or 4 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA from shoot tip. Shoot proliferation was 9.1 times in the $B_{5}$ medium with 0.5 mg/l BAP and 0.01 mg/l NAA. Root formation was improved in NAA, which was the concentration of 0.1 to 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l IAA. Nursery survival rate was enhanced over 90% and growth was looked good in the acclimation soil consisting of peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite (1:1:1, v:v:v). Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA banding patterns based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to assess the genetic variation in plants regenerated from in vitro culture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 2012

To examine the new practical utilization of mucilages in Opuntia humifusa, the Korean pear cactus, the polysaccharides were isolated from O. humifusa, and immuno-stimulating activities were assayed. The main polysaccharide, CNC-E, was prepared by a commercial enzyme treatment, water extraction, and ethanol precipitation. The molecular mass of CNC-E was estimated to be about 700 kDa, and it consisted mainly of arabinose, galactose and xylose in addition to two minor sugars such as rhamnose and fucose. On the other hand, CNC-E showed considerably high splenocyte proliferation activity in a dose-dependent manner. Peritoneal macrophages stimulated with CNC-E produced cytokines such as IL-6, IL-12, IL-10, and TNF-${\alpha}$. The intravenous administration of CNC-E significantly augmented the cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells against Yac-1 tumor cells. Especially, NK cells obtained from the mice treated with $100{\mu}g$ of CNC-E showed threefold higher cytolytic activity than those of untreated mice. CNC-E also showed potent anti-complementary activity in a dose-dependent fashion. Identification of C3 activation products by the crossed immunoelectrophoresis using anti-human C3 and the anti-complementary activity of CNC-E in a $Ca^{2+}$-free condition suggested complement activations by CNC-E that occur via both alternative and classical pathways. These results indicate that Korean pear cactus contains selected polysaccharides that provide immuno-stimulating activities beneficial to human health.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 2007

Plant regeneration system from floral stem of Mymphoides indica via somatic embryogenesis was established. After four weeks of culture onto 1/2MS medium containing 2,4-D, pale-yellow globular structures and calluses were formed on the cut surface of floral stem explants. Upon transfer to 1/2MS basal medium, pale-yellow globular structures were developed into somatic embryos and normal plantlets. These results indicated that pale-yellow globular structures and calluses from floral stem were globular embryos and embryogenic calluses, respectively. The frequency of embryogenic callus formation from floral stem was reached to nearly 100% when floral stem was cultured onto 1/2Ms medium supplemented with low concentration of 2,4-D (0.1 to 0.3 mg/L). However, the higher concentration of 2,4-D resulted in decrease of the frequency of embryogenic callus formation. In this study, low concentration of 2,4-D had a stimulative role in embryogenic callus formation, whereas BA showed inhibitory role in callus formation. In comparison to floral stem, leaf explants showed low frequency of embryogenic callus formation. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus formation from leaf explants was 9.5% when leaf explants were cultured onto 1/2MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg/L of 2,4-D. The plant regeneration system of Nymphoides indica established in this study, might be applied to mass proliferation, conservation of genetic resources and genetic transformation for molecular breeding.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.224-234
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• 2006

We employed human SK-MEL-28 cells as a model system to identify cellular proteins that accompany N-(4-methyl)phenyl-O-(4-methoxy)phenyl-thionocarbamate (MMTC)-induced apoptosis based on a proteomic approach. Cell viability tests revealed that SK-MEL-28 skin cancer cells underwent more cell death than normal HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with MMTC. Two-dimensional electrophoresis in conjunction with matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry analysis or computer matching with a protein database further revealed that the MMTC-induced apoptosis is accompanied by increased levels of caspase-1, checkpoint suppressor-1, caspase-4, NF-kB inhibitor, AP-2, c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, melanoma inhibitor, granzyme K, G1/S specific cyclin D3, cystein rich protein, Ras-related protein Rab-37 or Ras-related protein Rab-13, and reduced levels of EMS (oncogene), ATP synthase, tyrosine-phosphatase, Cdc25c, 14-3-3 protein or specific structure of nuclear receptor. The migration suppressing effect of MMTC on SK-MEL-28 cell was tested. MMTC suppressed the metastasis of SK-MEL-8 cells. It was also identified that MMTC had little angiogenic effect because it did not suppress the proliferation of HUVEC cell line. These results suggest that MMTC is a novel chemotherapeutic and metastatic agents against the SK-MEL-28 human melanoma cell line.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.837-843
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• 2013

Sasa borealis is a major source of bamboo leaves used for traditional medicine in Korea. Obesity is a serious health problem in industrialized countries that has been implicated in various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and coronary heart disease. Recent reports have proposed mechanisms to reduce obesity by decreasing preadipocyte differentiation, and proliferation in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. The preadipocytes play a key role by differentiation into mature adipocytes and increasing fat mass. In this study, we investigated whether ethanol-soluble extracts and ethyl acetate-soluble fractions from Sasa borealis inhibits intracellular accumulation of lipid droplets in a dose-dependent manner in 3T3-L1 cells (an important model system for studying adipogenesis). The down-regulation of PPAR${\gamma}$ and C/EBP${\alpha}$ (key adipogenic transcription factors) were confirmed by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Ethyl acetate-soluble fractions from Sasa borealis attenuated the expression of PPAR${\gamma}$ and C/EBP${\alpha}$. These results suggest that Sasa borealis inhibits adipogenic differentiation by regulating adipogenic transcription factors in 3T3-L1 cells. Therefore, Sasa borealis extracts may be a good candidate for the management of obesity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.6
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• pp.650-655
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• 2008

In an attempt to establish the mass proliferation system, Eucalyptus pellita, a 5-year-old plus tree, was cultured with three different culture types in 1L vessels: solid culture without ventilation (conventional culture), liquid culture without ventilation and open-type liquid culture with forced ventilation. Then the culture scale was subsequently increased from 1L to 10L in vessel volume. After 4 weeks of 1L-scale culture, the best growth was obtained by culturing plantlets on open-type liquid culture, suggesting that the in vitro plantlets growth can be enhanced by liquid medium and ventilation. In open-type large scale culture in 10L vessel, plantlets growth resulted in a 370% increase in the number of nodes, 3.6 times increase in leaf expansion, and 3.3 times increase in shoot length, while the conventional culture suppressed shoot growth due to the callusing on the leaves and lack of $CO_2$. The results indicated that the open-type large scale culture system was effective for enhancing productivity by improving growth of the plantlets in clonally proliferated plus tree, Eucalyptus pellita.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.299-307
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• 1995

The goal of cell stem cell technology is to produce a viable and genetically normal animal. To achieve this goal various laboratories have followed 2 different pathways beginning with either the culture of 1) single or pooled ICMs grown with or without a feeder layer or 2) single or pooled 16-20 cell stage embryos grown with a feeder layer. Also, thus far embryonic cell cultures or lines have been established by several methods including loose suspension culture for short-term cultures and more commonly murine or bovine fibroblast feeder layers for long-term culture. Pluripotent lines have been derived from 16-cell through blastocyst inner cell mass stages. The efficiency of establishing cell lines and cell proliferation apper to be affected by the number of cells or embryos starting the line. Most attempts to produce offspring from long term STO cell feeder layer cultured ICM or morulae derived ES cells have resulted in pregnancy failure in the first trimester when ES cells were used in cuclear transfer or have failed to retain ES cells in the progeny produced by chimerization. The exception is 1 chimeric fetus from use of morula ES cells in the chimerization with early embryonic cells. There is much to be learned yet about ES cell culture requirements for maintenance of totipotency. If bovine ES cell lines loose imprinting pattern and totipotency with long-term culture and passage as suggested for mouse ES cells, we may be limited to the use of short-term cultures for multiplication of embryos and efficient production of transgenic animals. No bovine ES cell system has yet met all of the criteria indicated for a totipotent ES cell line.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.452-457
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• 2002

Galla Rhois is a gallnut of Rhus javanica Linne used for treatment of diarrhea, hemorrhage, cough, leukorrhea and toxic tumor etc in oriental medicine. For the evaluation of antitumor effect of Galla Rhois, activity based fractionation was done. We isolated an effective compound and identified 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose(PGG) by photometric analysis such as NMR and MASS. Then, we studied the angiogenic activity of PGG. It showed a cytotoxicity against SK-OV-3, SK-OV-3, HT1080 with IC/sub 50/ of 50 ug/ml approximately. It also effectively inhibited proliferation of HUVEC cells treated by bFGF to 30% of control at 20 ug/ml and cell migration to 80% at 10 ug in a dose dependent fashion. Tube formation of HUVEC cells on matrigel was effectively suppressed from 2.5 ug/ml of concentration by PGG. Moreover, it effectively recovered the dysfunction of gap junctional intercellular communication in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells caused by hydrogen peroxide at 4 ug/ml suggesting it potently can inhibit tumor promotion. Taken together, it indicates 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl- β -D-glucose has antiangiogenic activity.