• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.203-217
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to investigate relations of decision-making power of the elderly to home management and life satisfaction by applying a social behavior theory and exchange theory and to find out the device which improve the elderly life satisfaction at the home management view. For these research tasks the data was collected through the questionaire and interview those respondents were 273 woman elderly living with one of their married children in Seoul. It was analyzed by various statistical methods such as Frequency Percentile ANOVA F-test t-test Pearson's Corrdlation Analysis Multiple Regression Analysis. The results of this study are as follows: 1) Decision-making power of the elderly to home management had significant differences according to all of th variables except for religion job status of the elderly and education income of the children. 2) Decision-making power of the elderly to home management had the significant differences according to the variable such as income of the elderly solidarity between the elderly and their adult children age of the elderly The most influencial factor was income of the elderly. 3) Elderly life satisfaction had significant differenced according to all of the variables except for age job status of the elderly and education income of the children inmate children 4) In the result of analyzing the elderly life satisfaction the most influencial factor was decision-making power to home management and the explanary power to home management and the explanary power of those variables for the elderly life satisfaction was 56.2%.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.10 no.1 s.19
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• pp.207-228
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• 1992

This study investigated the relationship between personality characteristics of individual and adjustment in the mid-life. The subjects of the study consisted of 374 married persons(185 men and 189 women) who live in Seoul and are 40 to 50 years old and whose last child is in middle school. Bem's short form BSRI, Rotter(1966)'s Internal-External Scale and Hayes & Stinnett(1977)'s MYLSS were used as measurements tools. The major results of the study were summarized as follows ; 1) While sex-role identity of middle aged men appeared in the follwing order ; Androgynous, masculine, undifferentiated, feminine, sec-role identity of middle aged women appeared in the following order ; Undifferentiated, androgynous, feminine, masculine. Both men and women had the moderate scores on the locus of control. The middle aged expressed a moderate level of life satisfaction with middle aged men reporting significantly a higher life satisfaction than did women. 2) Socio-demographic variables such as age, education, occuption and income have turned out to be significant on the life satisfaction of middle aged men. As for the life satisfacton of middle aged women, age, education, husband's occuption and religon had significant influences However, employment status of women, family structure, marital duration, number of child, status of last child, status of first child had no significant influences on Mid-life satisfaction. 3) Mid-life satisfaction of men and women was influenced significantly by sex-role identity and internal-external locus of control. Those men described as masculine and those women androgynous in the sex-role identity had the highest life satisfaction. On the other hand those of undifferentiated in the sex-role identity had the lowest life satisfaction. High levels of internal control were associated with high levels of life satisfaction. 4) The variables affecting the life satisfaction of middle aged men and women were education, income, sex-role identity, internal control. These 4 variables explained 27% of the life satisfaction of middle aged men and 24% of the life satisfaction of middle aged women.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.53-72
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• 2001

This study examined sex-role attitude, conjugal status level and status satisfaction of rural married women as a part of study on problem diagnosis and status enhancement of Korean rural women. The subjects were 919 married farming women. Data were analyzed by frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe multiple range test, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows : 1) Rural womens sex-role attitude were conservative attitude. 66.7% of them conceived that their husband had more conservative attitude than them. Variables as age, education level, and farming work type were significant related with sex-role attitude. 2) Conjugal status level (housework sharing, domestic decision-making, agriculture decision-making, property rights) of rural women were low and not equal. It was affected by sex-role attitude, the proportion of their work to family farming work, similar/different type of sex-role attitude of couples, and their farming work type. 3) Their status satisfaction were low and affected by factors such as similar/different type of sex-role attitude of couples, conjugal status level, sex-role attitude, their farming work type, and education level.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2005

This study was conducted to provide data on awareness and use of traditional foods, suggesting the desirable ways to succeed and develop traditional foods, and the possible direction of policies and applications for food industry. The study also aimed to figure out awareness of traditional food and dietary life behaviors of married women in order to offer or draw attention to new information for better healthy life styles. Five hundred and ten married women in parts of Seoul and Kyongki area were surveyed to figure out their awareness and use of traditional foods including some of fermented foods, such as Kimchi, Doenjang(soybean paste), and Gochujang(hot pepper paste). The results were summarized as follows. First the overall satisfaction degree with traditional foods reached as high as 74.4%. They preferred traditional foods because they are healthy(38.8%), seasonally celebrated(29.9%), and well known for a variety of fermented foods(28%). Second, Kimchi, Doenjang and Gochujang, home-made or factory manufactured in an old-fashioned way, were preferred. Third, the most frequently cooked traditional foods were Kimchi Chigae and Doenjang Chigae. The most preferred cooking methods using Gochujang were Jorim(stewing) and Bokkeum(roasting). These results showed that Kimchi, Doenjang, and Gochujang were still used in cooking by married women in parts of Seoul and kyongki area, which says those are still the traditional foods most of women think as important and essential. The producers of traditional foods have to consider the safety and improvement of taste and quality of ingredients in addition to the convenience in cooking, More researches should be conducted to enhance these aspects and to develop functional foods to satisfy various needs of consumers and to improve their health.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.661-669
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the difference in job satisfaction and marital satisfaction by gender and to explore the influences of demographic status. employment characteristics. and job satisfaction/marital satisfaction on each type of satisfaction. Method: Social statistics survey data collected by National Statistical Office in 1998 were used for the secondary analysis in the study. Job satisfaction was measured by questionnaires, which consisted of 12 items such as task, promotion, placement, wage, benefits, future in the work, working environment, human relationship. and working hours. And marital satisfaction was collected by questionnaires which consisted of 7 items, including satisfaction with general family life, relationship with their own parent and parent-in-law, relationship with brothers and sisters, relationship with their children, and economic living status. These are measured by 5-point Likert scale. Result: The results show that more than 60% of women were working as part-time employees. Their education levels were lower than men. Men were satisfied significantly more in their jobs than women. Men also had higher marital satisfaction. The employment status had the most important factor on the job satisfaction. and the marital satisfaction was the second important factor among women and men. As for the age, while older men showed higher job satisfaction, younger women showed higher job satisfaction, 28.04% of the variance in the job satisfaction for men and 33.86% for women were accounted for by the following variables: the younger age. the higher education. job satisfaction, and the higher marital satisfaction, 22.15% of the variance in the marital satisfaction for men and 21.19% for women were accounted for by these variables. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there were differences in job satisfaction and marital satisfaction between genders, and that job satisfaction and marital satisfaction influenced each other. Employment status was the most predictive factor on the job satisfaction. Married women had an unstable employment status such as part-time position. The stability of employment could be considered as a strategy for enhancing job satisfaction for both sexes. The reason that women had lower marital satisfaction than men will have to be further investigated.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.344-353
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• 2015

Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify factors associated with perceived health status of married immigrant women. Methods: Data were collected from 65 married immigrant women. The measurements were Symptom checklist-48, Acculturative Stress Scale, Parenting Stress Index(PSI), and Personal Resource Questionnaire(PQR). Descriptive, T-test, ANOVA test, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were used. Results: There were significant differences in perceived health status according to satisfaction with the married life(F=8.819, p=0.000), and help from husband(F=6.308, p=.003). There was also a significant relationship between perceived health status and perceived economic status (F=8.006, p=.001), acculturative stress (r=.560, p<.01), parenting stress (r=.662, p<.01) and social support (r=-.289, p<.05). The result of multiple regression analysis showed a significant association of parenting stress with perceived health status of married immigrant women (${\beta}=0.397$, p=0.037). Conclusion: Comprehensive interventions designed to enhance the health of married immigrant women, including prevention of acculturative stress, parenting stress and improving social support may be helpful in mitigating health in married immigrant women.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.893-920
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• 2012

This study is to investigate causal relationship between individual life satisfaction and air pollution, using ordered probit model with the KLIPS panel dataset for 1998-2008. As determinants, both individual economic and socio-demographic characteristics are considered. Empirical results show that the degree of air pollution has negative effects on individual life satisfaction. The effects of other variables are similar to those of existing studies. This study found that life satisfaction increases along with income increase. However, at a certain point, the increase of life satisfaction becomes smaller even with an increase in income, indicating non-linear effect. It implies that the Easterlin's paradox can be applied to Korea's case. The increase of the other person's income measured by income per capita in the region where respondent resides has negative effects on life satisfaction. On the other hand, a person who has married, own house, stayed healthy, and highly been educated is likely to have higher life satisfaction. Additionally, a person with many household members, urban resident, unemployed or self-employed are negatively correlated with life satisfaction.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of sexual adjustment and quality of life in married men with spinal cord injuries and to furnish primary data to sexuality rehabilitation nursing practice which can lead to ideal sexual life and quality of life those men with SCI. Seventy married men with SCI were conveniently sampled in Kwangju, Suncheon, Mokpo and Seoul for responding the questionnaire, which was based on this research. With the research scale, SIS (Sexual interest and satisfaction) by Siosteen et al.(1990) and SB(Sexual behaviour) by Kreuter et al.(1996) were used for the measurement of sexual adjustment. And, for measuring quality of life was used SCI QL-23(Spinal cord injury of life-23) scale by Lundqvist et al.(1997). Data were collected from January 20 to March 20, 1999, using a structured questionnaire. A hundred volumes of questionnaire were used. and 85 volumes were collected, 70 volumes were used as research data after excluding 15 volumes unsuitable to data analysis. The obtain data were analysed using percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation by SAS PC+ program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sexual interest and satisfaction of the subjects was 8.42. out of 18. The ways of their sexual behavior after spinal cord injuries were embracing and caressing (62.9%), kissing(58.6%), caressing breast with hands (55.7%), caressing breast with hands (52.9%), caressing genitals with hands (37.2%), caressing genitals with mouth(30.0%) and sexual intercourse (18.6%). The mean score of quality of life was 52.53 out of 100. 2. Age(F=3.24, p=.045) and caregiver (F=4.02, p=.022)were major variables which reveals significant differences in terms for sexual interest and satisfaction. The later results on Duncan's test showed that subjects who were in their 30s or 40s were significant higher than subjects whose age were in their 50s in their sexual interest and satisfaction. Also subjects with their spouse's care or mother's care were higher than those with other's care. 3. Subjects with incomplete paraplegia were higher than those with the complete paraplegia in sexual interest and satisfaction (F=3.01, p=.036). 4. Variables that showed the significant differences in the quality of life were education(t=2.860, p=.007) and period of marriage(t=2.125, p=.037). and occupational status(t=-2.161, p=.034). High school graduates, those who married before spinal cord injuries and those who didn't have occupation were higher than the other subjects. 5. Variables that revealed significant differences in the quality of life were time passage after spinal cord injuries(F=8.72, p=.001) and injured level of spinal cord(F=3.32, p=.042). Duncan's test showed that subjects who had lived for less than 4 years were higher those with time passage of 5-9 years and 10 years. Also subjects with lumbar injuries were higher than those with thoracic injuries in terms of quality of life. 6. There was negatively correlated between sexual interest and satisfaction and quality of life(r=-.256, p<.05). As a result of these findings sexuality rehabilitation for individuals with SCI was very important issue for their quality of life. Thus, registered nurses who care clients with SCI should activily participate in the client's sexual needs. Also, various sexual behaviors as well as sexual intercourse should be encouraged for the sexual adjustment of client's with SCI.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of self-differentiation with conflict tactics behavior and marital adjustment among married men and women. Specifically, this study tried to examine the differences in the levels of conflict tactics behavior and of marital adjustment according to the levels of self-differentiation. The participants of the present study were 332 married men and 355 women who lived in Chonlabuk-Do province. The major results of this research were as follows. First, there was no significant difference in the level of total self-differentiation between men and women. There were significant differences in the degrees of sexually coercive conflict tactics behavior and marital adjustment between sexes. Second, results of difference analyses showed that there were significant differences in the levels of conflict tactics behaviors and of marital adjustment according to levels of self-differentiation. Finally, in the case of married men and women, the variable significantly affecting the conflict tactics behavior and the marital adjustment was the levels of self-differentiation. Based on the results as above, this research discussed the issue of the concept of self differentiation applied to Korean situation, and suggested some implications for family life education for decreasing conflict between spouses and for enhancing marital relationship.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.71-88
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to look into how married working men with a child younger than six years old spent their weekend time either alone or with their wives on housework, family care, and leisure activities, and to find out whether different types of time use brought about different levels of satisfaction to their use of time on weekends. Factors associated with each type were also explored. We analyzed 857 weekend time diaries of married men with a preschooler and men who worked more than 40 hours a week. This data came from the 2009 Time Use Survey conducted by Statistics Korea. Descriptive statistics and cluster analysis results showed that weekend time distribution to those three activities was classified into four different types, namely, 'nonparticipation', 'personal leisure centered', 'couple leisure centered', and 'family centered'. Time use satisfaction for 'couple leisure centered' and 'family centered' types which involved wife and child was significantly higher than the other two types. Age and traditional gender role attitude were associated with the personal leisure and couple leisure centered types, while work related factors such as work hours, regular day off, employment status, and occupation functioned as determinants of the nonparticipation type. Findings from this study suggest that weekend time spent together with family could be the source of satisfaction, but almost half of the respondents were deprived of their weekend family time due to work schedules on weekends. This study supports the need for organizational and policy efforts to ensure non-working weekends for fathers and husbands.