• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.782-798
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• 1996

This study was a survey done for the purpose of constructing a nursing theory according to Korean culture and to identify the traditional Korean view of humans and the expectations of the sick role, and to confirm changes from the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role according to general characteristics of the population. The subjects were all adults over 18 years old. 517 who lived in six large cities and 191 who lived in five rural communities. Data collection was done from November 19th, 1994 to January 19th, 1995 using a tool to measure the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role which was developed by the investigator through a literature review. Collected data were analyzed using frequency, percent, Cronbach alpha, 1-test, F-test and Scheffe post hoc contrasts, with the SAS program. The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1. The Traditional view of human score for all subject was 49.92, which shows that Korean traditional view of human is moderate. High scored items were "human need to live by making harmony with nature, not by overcoming the nature" (3.44), "Filial duty to parents and elders is important" (3.31), "Think of family more than a individual" (2.96). 2. The differences in the traditional view of humans between residential districts showed that the residents of Chungbuk(56.00), Kyungbuk(55.26), Chonbuk(51.32), Taegu(50.59) had a more traditional view of humans than those in Pusan(45.42) and Seoul (47.27). 3. The differences in the traditional view of humans according to general characteristics showed that rural community residents, males, older people, people with lower levels of education, married and house-resident groups had a significantly higher traditional view of humans than urban residents, females, younger people, people with a higher levels of education, single and apartment-resident groups. There were differences according to religion and job. Buddhism had a higher traditional view of humans than those of atheism, Christianity and Catholicism and physical workers, a significantly highers score, than technicians and professional workers. 4. Daily expected task performance during illnesses was lowest for patients with stroke (2.16) and psychosis(2.40), in which case almost no daily general tasks were expected, followed by arthritis 4.06, peptic ulcer 4.79, headache 4.99 and cough 5.58. The amount of expected role exemption during illnesses was also highest for stroke(2.25), followed by psychosis(2.08), arthritis(1.64), peptic ulcer(1.29), headache(1.16) and cough(1.09). The amount of daily task performance in the acute stage(3.05) was significantly lower than that of convalescent stage(4.95). 5. Total expectation of role exemption according to general characteristics showed that there was no significant differences in urban /rural community, marriage, level of education and religion. By sex, women showed higher expectation of role exemption during illnesses than men. By age, the 31-40 year old group showed lower expectation of role exemption than the 41-50 year old group or over the 61 year old group.or over the 61 year old group.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.121-134
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• 2006

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the general properties of beauticians and to analyze correlation between their experiences of indigestion and relevant factors and thus to provide basic data to prevent obstacles to beautician's health. Methods: A self-administered survey on 257 female beauticians in Daegu from March 15 to May 30, 2005 was conducted. Cross-link analysis was used to examine indigestion in relation to the general properties of beauticians, and correlation analysis was used to determine the level of relationship between indigestion and relevant factors, and multiple regression analysis was used to determine the degree of effects of relevant factors on indigestion. Results: The results can be summarized as follows: 1. As for indigestion by general properties and beauty-related properties, there were significant differences in gender(p<0.01), age(p<0.05) and marriage status(p<0.05) among general properties and there were significant differences in the number of holiday(p<0.05), beauty culture career(p<0.01), and the degree of satisfaction on duty(p<0.001) among beauty-related properties. As for indigestion by eating habit and health-related properties, there were significant differences in the degrees of regular eating(p<0.001) and regular living habit(p<0.001), and eating speed(p<0.01). 2. Factors relevant to the eating habit showing significant correlation with indigestion were regular eating habit, taking well-balanced nutrition, and taking salty food. Among them, the regular eating habit was shown to be the most relevant with the correlation coefficient of -0.253(p<0.01). The general and beauty-related factors showing significant correlation with indigestion were beauty culture career, number of holiday, and regular living habit. And regular living habit was shown to be the most relevant with the correlation coefficient of -0.260(p<0.001). 3. Results from the regression analysis showed that relevant factors having significant effects on indigestion were gender, beauty culture career, satisfaction on duty, eating speed, regular eating habit and regular living habit. And satisfaction on duty was found to have the greatest effect on indigestion. Conclusions: The findings of this study could be effectively used to develop a practical management strategy to prevent $beauticia{\acute{n}}s$ indigestion, and to promote $beauticia{\acute{n}}s$ health, and ultimately to improve the $beauticia{\acute{n}}s$ quality of life.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.768-777
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to be conducive to work improvement through analyzing turnover intention and organizational commitment of EMT within medical institution. The subjects of this study were randomly extracted 188 EMT. The survey period was conducted from May 3, 2011 to May 19 (May 3rd-4th in G Province, May 14th in B Metropolitan City, May 18th-19th in D Metropolitan City). An analytical method was made with SPSS WIN program(Version 12.0). As a result of research, the turnover intention was high in women(p<.001), in under 30 years old(about 4.9 times, p<.001), in the unmarried(about 4.3 times, p<.001), and in junior college graduate(about 4 times, p<.001). Also, the turnover intention was high in income with under 1,500,000 won(about 3.3 times, p<.001), in working career with under 5 years(about 3.2 times, p<.001), in feeling the legal work limit(about 1.8 times, p<.05), and in group with low job satisfaction(p<.001). In correlation between organizational commitment and job variable, the variables in age, marriage, academic background, turnover intention, income, career, and legal work limit except gender and job satisfaction showed positive correlation with organizational commitment(p<.01). As for the factors affected on the organizational commitment, the turnover intention(p<.01), the legal work limit(p<.01), and the job satisfaction(p<.001) had significant effect on organizational commitment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.417-432
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between mother's beliefs on child rearing and children's self-perceptions. The subject of this study were comprised of 167 children aged 8-10 in Iksan & Kunsan city from Dec. 2 to Dec. 8, 2000. The children's self-perceptions were assessed by the self perceptions profile for children. Mother's beliefs questionnaire, developed by Okagaki and Sternberg, was used to obtain the data on mother's beliefs of parenting. The methods of analyses included basic descriptive categorical analysis as well as t-test, one way ANOVA-test, and multiple regression analyses. The major findings from the analyses are as follows: First, a significant difference was found in the degree of mother's beliefs about child rearing by mother's religion(p<.01), mother's education(p<.05), income(p<.001), level of life (p<.0l), mother's job, mother and fathers' agreement of child rearing(p<.05), relationship between mother and child(p<.05) in independence but a significant difference was not found in the degree of mother's beliefs about child rearing in accommodation. Second, the levels of children's scholastic performance were related to higher levels of mother's education(p<.001), mother's income(p<.001), mother and fathers' agreement of child rearing(p<.01). The levels of children's social competence was related to higher, child's gender (p<.01); girls were higher than boys. The levels of children's athletic abilities were not significant. The levels of children's physical appearance was related to higher levels of mother's education(p<.01), mother's income(p<.01), level of life(p<.05), mother's marriage(not divorce)(p<.01). The levels of children's behavioral conduct were related to higher levels of child's gender (p<.05), mother's education(p<.01), mother's income (p<.01), relationship between father and child(p<.0l). The levels of children's global self worth were related to higher levels of mother's age(p<.05), mother's education(p<.001), level of life(p<.05). Third according to the multiple regression analyses for the relationships between mother's beliefs about child rearing and children's self perceptions, mother's beliefs on the creativity were related to higher levels of children's scholastic performance, social competence, and mother's beliefs on the problem solving skills to higher levels of children's behavioral conduct and mother's beliefs on the accommodation to lower levels of children's scholastic performance, social conduct.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.187-199
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• 2002

This descriptive study was undertaken to measure quality of life score and investigate the correlation between the demographic characteristics, the diagnostic related characteristics, physical symptom and quality of life of breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy as on attempt to provide basic data to help them attain better qualify of life. The subjects for this study were 74 out-patients undergoing radiation therapy at C University hospital in Gwangju, from June, 1998 to July, 2000. The data were obtained using a convenient sampling technique. The tool of this study was the quality of life scale developed by Ro Yoo Ja. The data were analyzed using the SAS program for percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, GLM. The results were as follows: 1. The total average score for quality of life of the subjects was 137.22 and the range was from 38 to 227, item mean score(range 1-5) was 3.15. For each factor in qualify of life of life score, the mean scores(range 1-5) were as follows; family relationship 3.69, relationship with neighbors factor 3.40, self esteem 3.10, physical state and function 2.95, economic life 2.91, emotional fate 2.88. 2. The incidence of physical symptoms was seen fatigue($82.4\%$), skin change($43.2\%$), alopecia($41.9\%$), pain($41.9\%$), anorexia($39.2\%$), anemia($39.2\%$), and headache($31.1\%$) in that order. 3. The result of the analysis of the relationships between the quality of life scores and demogaphic characteristics were as follows : there were significant differences, between age(F=3.44, p=0.013), educational level(F=3.84, p=0.007), duration of marriage((F=5.06, p=0.003) and monthly income(F=4.72, p=0.005). 4. The result of the analysis of the relationships between quality of life scores and diagnostic related characteristics was as follows: there was a significant difference between incidence durations(F=5.02, p=0.003). 5. The correlation of emotional state, economic life, self esteem, physical sate & function, relationship with neighbors, relationship with family in quality of life of cancer patients revealed a positive correlation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.300-310
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to compare the change of Well-Dying awareness and decision of university student before and after taking the course of death study. A questionnaire survey was conducted for university students 93 before education, 117 after education who participated in the Death Studies related lectures at Daejeon Metropolitan City for 15 weeks from August to December 2016. The general characteristics of survey are gender, age. grade, major, marriage condition, religion, family member living together and health status. Four items on the perception aspect of death, five items on the aspect of acceptance of death, seven items of death decision and twelve items for death education's interest and importance were configured as a reference scale. The statistical method carried out the chi-square test, the independent sample t-test, and the decision tree analysis. Based on the decision tree, At the time of preparation for death(cancer patient, terminal patient, etc.) and the elderly(65 years old or older), the education transition rate was 66.7%. But After education, 65.3% of the respondents were in adult, middle and high school, under elementary school, university, and graduate school, which showed a significant difference. Therefore we are looking for death education's effectiveness and setting directions for education's period and contents. the negative viewpoints and worries about the implementation of death education at elementary, middle and high schools and universities are resolved and the death education will positively affect the change of attitude of students.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.253-269
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• 1996

This descriptive study was done to investigate the proportion of mothers breast feeding and identify factors which influence breast feeding. The subjects were 320 mother who child under five years of age, living in WonJu and their children who numbered 530. Data collection was conducted at various places in the WonJu area using survey questionnaire. The results were as follows : 1. The proportion of children receiving breast feeding was 23.3%, mixed feeding 31.7%, milk feeding 45.1%. The most frequent duration for breast feeding was one month, the mean duration was six months. 2. The major reasons for breast feeding were for the health of the child 52.5%, for emotional attachment with the child 34.2%, and as the expected way of feeding 29.5%. 3. The major reasons for interrupting breast feeding were jobs 26.1%, illness of the child or mother 16.1% abnormality of the breast of nipple 12.7% others 31%. 4. The major reasons for quitting breast feeding were insufficient breast milk 34.5%, job 19.6%, diarrhea in the child 9.9%. 5. The factors influencing breast feeding were educational status and the presence of a job. 6. The husband's attitude to breast feeding was very positive 82.3% and the subjects were supported by their mothers and husbands. But the major information sources about breast feeding were the mass media 30.4% and relatives 22.0%. 7. The breast feeding mother reported experiencing positive and satisfactory feelings, but the milk feeding mother reported experiencing negative and guilt feelings. Also the breast feeding mothers perceived their children as very healthy with a stable emotional status. The results showed the breast feeding ratio in WonJu to be very low and problematic and the subject mothers strongly need information about breast feeding and support while breast feeding. Therefore it is recommended that an education program for community women and other people, like husbands, and grandmothers, be developed along with an education program for university students and other young people to provide them with preparatory information as they begin to think about marriage and families.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.245-254
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of salesperson's lifestyle, selling behaviors on strategic management of salesperson. So this study not only examines differences in the salesperson's lifestyle, selling behaviors and job satisfaction but also analyses the impact of salespersons' lifestyle and selling behaviors on job satisfaction. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, the result of analyzing differences in the lifestyle according to the characteristics of sex, age, academic background income is no significant difference. Second, the result of analyzing differences in the selling behavior according to the characteristics of sex and marriage is significant difference. Third, the result of analyzing differences in the job satisfaction according to the characteristics of store type is significant difference. Salesperson working at the exclusive agencies is most high job satisfaction. According to the result of examining the relationship between salespersons' lifestyle and the selling behaviors, job-oriented lifestyle has positive effects on the customer orientation and hospitality orientation. Finally salespersons' job satisfaction is positively affected by the job-oriented lifestyle and hospitality-orientation selling behavior.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.5-44
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• 1996

Wornen's lahor market participation as well as the policy concern for wider utilization of married women, have continuously grown up. However, research efforts on the determinants of women's labor market participation, in the context of the relationship hetween life courses and active entry into lahor market, has been far behind the growing interest in this field. This study has conducted an event histoiry analysis of women's labor market transition utilizing personal occupational history data collected by the Korea Institute for Women's Development in 1991. The analysis is divided into tow parts: First part introduces logit regression to analyze the determinants of women's labor market participation and exit. The second part employs Cox regression to see the variation of transition rate between employment and non-employment. The result shows that there is a wide variation in women's labor market participation according to age, cohort, and family formation. Special note is needed for the significantly negative effect of marriage and child birth on labor market participation. The transition pattern of lower class women with less education fits well to the prediction of neo-classical economics; but the tendency of highly educated women's regression to non-employment reveals the strong influence of the unfavorable labor market structure, which can be better explained by the neo-structuralist perspective. There is a strong trade-off between productive and reproductive labor of women, which can only be corrected by strong policy implementation, such as extended child care facilities, abolition of discriminatory employment practices, and expansion of flexible part-time employment.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.309-322
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was carried out to show the parental child-rearing attitudes perceived by daughters(woman college students), who were in the process of pursuit of resonable values, ethics and preparing for marriage and settling down, and another purposes were to help them to have positive attitudes toward their child-rearing in the future and set up preliminary parenting education program. Method: The subjects were 120 woman college students who were freshmen to junior in one university in Seoul. Using the self-report questionnaire, data were collected from December in 1999 to March in 2000. The contents which subjects wrote down were categorized by content analysis method. Result: 1) The age range of subjects were 19-25 years old and main rearer was mother(85.84％). 2) The perception of parent's child-rearing by subjects were revealed 555 statements and then tied together 50 themes: 'emphasizing on studying hard'(8.3％), 'doing by oneself'(5.6％), 'sternness'(5.2％), 'respect of personality'(4.5％), 'eagerness'(4.0％), 'humanity education'(4.0％), 'moderating in daily living'(4.0％), 'propriety education'(3.8％), 'sacrificing for children'(3.6％), 'expectation'(3.2％), 'concerning'(3.1％), 'parent-centered'(3.1％), 'giving a free hand'(2.9％), 'sharing with'(2.9％), 'consideration'(2.7％), 'over-protectiveness'(2.3％), 'hostile attitude' (2.2％), 'corporal punishment'(2.2％), 'expression of parental love'(2.0％), 'encouragement'(1.8％), 'family-centered' (1.8％), 'treating fairly'(1.6％), 'offering live experiences'(1.6％), 'exacting obedience'(1.62％), 'exemplary parental role' (1.6％), 'sexual discrimination'(1.6％), 'cooperation'(1.4％), 'giving favors'(1.4％), 'indifference'(1.4％), 'understanding' (1.3％), 'confidence'(1.3％), 'intimacy'(1.3％), 'pursuit of health'(1.3％), 'warm-hearted'(1.1％), 'stinginess'(1.1％),'broad-mindedness'(0.7％), 'granting'(0.7％), 'interfering'(0.7％), 'reproach'(0.7％), 'distinction of sex in household affairs'(0.7％), 'help'(0.5％), 'preparing for the future'(0.5％), 'disregarding'(0.5％), 'making environment'(0.4％), 'bringing up a child personally' (0.4％), 'comparing'(0.4％), 'religious life'(0.4％), 'good deed'(0.4％), invasion of privacy' (0.2％), 'controlling desire'(0.2％). 3) 50 themes were categorized by 18 categories once more: 'control' (13.2％), 'crazy for education'(12.3％), 'endeavoring'(8.6％), 'autonomy'(8.5％), 'home education'(7.7％), 'esteem' (6.67％), 'support'(6.67％), 'pursuit of healthy daily life'(5.6％), 'earnestness'(5.4％), 'disregarding personality'(5.4％), 'emotional bonding'(3.2％), 'imposing a burden'(3.2％). 'inhospitality'(3.1％), 'acceptance'(5％), 'discrimination'(2.3％), 'mature parenthood'(1.8％), 'strengthening family tie'(1.8％), 'psychological intimacy'(1.1％). 4) On the basis of this study, 3/5 of subjects(61.2％) perceived their parents had mature and autonomous child-rearing attitudes, and on the other hand 2/5(39.5％) of them perceived controlling, just forcing to work harder and personally disregarding attitudes. Conclusion: So we need to offer them nursing implementation such as preliminary parenting education program and parenting consulting like to strengthen positive perception and help improving in realistic, developmental child-rearing attitudes.