• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

목 적: 두경부 방사선 치료 시 Dental Implant에 의한 Metal Artifact로 인해 보철물의 크기, 모양 및 Volume이 달라지고 이로 인해 타겟 및 주변 정상조직에 대한 방사선치료계획의 정확성이 떨어진다. 본 연구는 치아크기를 재현한 Metal을 KVCT, SMART-MAR CT, MVCT를 통해 영상을 획득 하여 Volume을 평가하고 양성자 치료계획에 적용시켜 선량분포의 차이를 분석해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 치과에서 치료하는 방법을 고려하여 인레이, 크라운, 브릿지와 비슷한 크기의 A보철물($0.5{\times}0.5{\times}0.5cm$), B보철물($1{\times}1{\times}1cm$), C보철물($1{\times}2{\times}1cm$)을 저용융점납합금(Cerrobend, $9.64g/cm^3$) 사용하여 제작하였다. In House Head & Neck Phantom 안에 보철물를 위치시키고 CT Simulator(Discovery CT 590RT, GE, USA)를 이용해 Slice thickness 1.25 mm로 KVCT 영상과 SMART-MAR 영상을 획득하였다. MVCT 영상은 $RADIXACT^{(R)}$ Series(Accuray $Pricision^{(R)}$, USA)을 이용해 동일한 방법으로 획득하였다. MVCT, SMART-MAR CT, KVCT를 통해 획득한 보철물의 형상을 전산화 치료계획장비 Pinnacle(Ver 9.10, Philips, Palo Alto, USA)의 Autocontour Thresholds Raw Values를 통해 X, Y, Z축의 크기 및 Volume을 비교하였다. 양성자 치료계획은 위의 실험에서 얻은 보철물B($1{\times}1{\times}1cm$)의 각 CT별 치아 Contour를 KVCT 상에 fusion하여 양성자 치료계획(Ray station 5.1, RaySearch, USA)을 세우고 선량의 차이를 비교 평가하였다. 결 과: 실측 사이즈 대비 A보철물(MVCT : 1.0배, SMART-MAR CT : 1.84배, KVCT : 1.92배), B보철물(MVCT : 1.02배, SMART-MAR CT : 1.47배, KVCT : 1.82배), C보철물(MVCT : 1.0배, SMART-MAR CT : 1.46배, KVCT : 1.66배)로 각 크기의 보철물에서 MVCT가 가장 실제 Volume과 유사하게 측정되었다. 양성자 치료계획에서 B보철물의 Volume을 각각 적용하여 측정한 결과 $D_{99\%}$ volume의 선량이 기준 3082 CcGE 대비 MVCT:3094 CcGE, SMART-MAR CT:2902 CcGE, KVCT:2880 CcGE로 측정되었다. 결 론: 전체적인 Volume과 X축 Z축의 크기는 MVCT에서 실제 크기와 가장 일치했고 superior-Inferior방향인 Y축은 CT에 따라 차이 없이 길이가 일정했다. 두경부 양성자 치료 시 보철물의 크기, 모양 및 Volume이 비슷한 MVCT에서 가장 실제 값과 비슷한 선량분포를 보였고 MVCT를 이용한 보철물의 contour를 KVCT에 fusion하여 양성자치료계획에 적용 시 매우 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.132-142
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• 2004

Nutritional factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in the different age groups of Korean men were investigated to obtain baseline data for maintaining bone health. Information on diet and anthropometry was collected in 80 elementary school children, 83 high school students, 87 adults aged 25 to 35 years and 98 elderly people over 60 years of age. Data for food and nutrient intake were obtained by 24-hour recall method. BMDs of lumbar spine (L$_2$- L$_4$) and femoral neck were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The relationship between BMD and nutritional factors were analyzed. In the femoral neck, 5.7% of adults was classified as osteopenia and 47.9% and 37.8% of the elderly were classified as osteopenia and osteoporosis. It was shown that plant protein, Ca, p, Fe, thiamin, riboflavin and vitamin C intakes were related with BMD in all age groups. As for the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of nutrients, the lowest quartile group of BMD showed significantly lower MAR among children. The RDA percent of nutrients was a strong influential factor on BMD. Subjects who consumed below 75% of Korean RDA in energy, vitamin A, thiamin, and vitamin C showed lower BMD. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that MAR in children, vegetable Ca in adolescents, and vitamin C in adults and elderly people were the highest influential factor on BMD. Therefore, the above results demonstrated that not only calcium but also other nutrients such as protein, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and vitamin C were necessary in order to keep the healthy bone status. In addition, although there were various dietary factors that influenced bone density, MAR was identified as the major factor that affected bone density. Thus, a balanced diet that includes all nutrients is necessary for a healthy bone density. (Korean J Nutrition 37(2) : 132-142, 2004)

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.98-108
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• 2000

A geochemical study on a hemipelagic core sediment taken from the northwest Pacific Ocean (eastern edge of the Shikoku Basin) was conducted to use of excess barium (Ba(ex)) for evaluate the paleoceano-graphic changes. Also, the excursion of sedimentary Ba(ex) was compared with those of biogenic opal, carbonate and organic carbon content in the sediment during the last glacial and interglacial periods. The calculated Ba(ex) derived from the major and minor element shows a distinctive glacial-interglacial variations, and the mass accumulation rate (MAR) of Ba(ex) shows coincident variations with the MARs of biogenic fractions. Especially, strong positive correlation (r$^2$=0.85) between the MAR of Ba(ex) and the MAR of biogenic carbonate is recognized. Based on the strong positive correlation(r$^2$=0.85) between the MAR of Ba(ex) and the MAR of carbonate content, we estimated the degree of carbonate dissolution rate during the glacial and interglacial periods. Assuming the proportional variation and the refractory nature of barium exist between two factors, the variation of index Ca/Ba ratio in sediment indicates the degree of carbonate dissolution. Sedimentary Ca/Ba ratios index clearly show a striking fluctuation between the glacial and interglacial periods with higher positive correlation during glacial and lower correlation during interglacial. This fact indicates enhanced carbonate dissolution during interglacial period. Thus, the sedimentary Ca/Ba ratio in sedimentary records can be used as one of the useful tools for estimation of the relative degree of carbonate dissolution. The excursion of Ba(ex) and the sedimentary Ca/Ba ratio follows the typical pacific carbonate dissolution type(enhanced dissolution during interglacial and reduced dissolution during glacial time) as suggested by previous work (e.g., Wu et al., 1990). Variation in sedimentary Ca/Ba ratio thus strongly supports that glacial-interglacial fluctuation in carbonate dissolution has been prevailed in the northwest Pacific Ocean.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2020

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is a promising water management strategy for securing stable water resources to overcome water shortage and water quality deterioration caused by global environmental changes. A MAR demonstration site was selected at Imgok-ri, Sangju-si, Korea, based on screening for the frequency of drought events and local water supply situations. The abundant groundwater discharging from a nearby abandoned coal mine is one of the potential recharge water sources for the MAR implementation. However, it has elevated levels of arsenic (~12 ㎍/L). In this study, the potential of the natural attenuation of arsenic by the field geological media was investigated using batch and column experiments. The adsorption and desorption parameters were obtained for two drill core samples (GM1; 21.8~22.8 m and GM2; 26.0~27.8 m depth) recovered from the potentially water-conducting fracture-zones in the injection well. The effluent arsenic concentrations were monitored during the continuous flow of the mine drainage water through the columns packed with the core samples. GM2 removed about 60% of arsenic in the influent (0.1 mg-As/L) while GM1 removed about 20%. The results suggest that natural attenuation is an acitive process occurring during the MAR operation, potentially lowering the arsenic level in the mine drainage water below the regulatory standard for drinking water. This study hence demonstrates that using the mine drainage water as the recharge water source is a viable option at the MAR demonstration site.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.102-111
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among serum leptin, nutritional status, and the obesity indices of 55 obese children in Daegu and Kyungpook area. Obesity was defined as fat percentage that exceed 25% of body fat mass. Energy and nutritional status were tended to be low, and dietary intake of calcium and iron were less than any other nutrients in all the subjects. Especially, beverage intake of obese group was more than non-obese group. The leptin level were significantly correlated with %RDA of energy (0.41, p < 0.001), protein (0.44, p < 0.001), phosphate (0.40, p < 0.001), iron (0.37, p < 0.001), vitamin A (0.31, p < 0.01), thiamin (0.40, p < 0.001), riboflavin (0.26, p < 0.05), niacin (0.51, p < 0.001), and vitamin C (0.24, p < 0.05). The leptin level were significantly correlated with MAR (mean adequacy ratio, r : 0.43, p <0.001) and INQ (index of nutrient quality) of thiamin (r : 0.22, p <0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that %RDA of niacin in obese group ($R^2$: 0.208, p : 0.001) and total subjects ($R^2$ : 0.257, p : 0.000), MAR (p : 0.003) and INQ (p : 0.048) of niacin in obese group ($R^2$ : 0.255) and MAR (p : 0.000) and rNQ ofca (p : 0.024) in total subjects ($R^2$ : 0.231) may be important independent predictors to leptin level. MAR showed a significantly positive correlation with %fat (r = 0.42, p < 0.01), BMI (r = 0.46, p < 0.01), RW (r : 0.44, p < 0.01), WHR (r : 0.39, p < 0.01) and, "ieRnA (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). These data indicated relationships among leptin level, nutrient intake, %RDA, MAh, and INQ in children.dren.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-218
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• 1996

This study examines the possibility of early production of forage rape (cv. Akela and Velox) in the period of wintering. Bolting date was Feb. 2 to Feb. 9 in PE film house culture by non-heating and Mar. 3 to Mar. 12 in open field culture. And flowering date was Feb. 24 to Mar. 3 in PE film house culture by non-heating, so it was 30~50 days faster than the open field culture of Apr. 17 to Apr. 22. Fresh matter yield was 8, 356~4, 887 kg/10a in PE film house culture by non-heating, so it was 1, 431~1, 603 kg/10a yield increase than in the open field culture of 7, 253~7, 456 kg/10a Dry matter yield was 953~963 kg/10a in PE film house culture by non-heating, so it was 71~284 kg/10a yield increase than in the open field culture of 669~892 kg/10a.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2008

EquiMar (Equitable Testing and Evaluation of Marine Energy Extraction Devices in terms of Performance, Cost and Environmental Impact) is one of the first round of energy projects under the European Commissions 7th Framework Programme (FP7). The three year EquiMar project aims to deliver a suite of protocols for the evaluation of both wave and tidal converters, harmonizing testing and evaluation procedures across the wide range of available devices, accelerating adoption through technology matching and improving the understanding of both environmental and economic impacts associated with the deployment of devices. The EquiMar protocols will cover site selection, initial design, scaling up of designs, the deployment of arrays and environmental impact assessment as well as economic issues. EquiMar will build on existing protocols, e.g. UK DTI Marine Renewables Development Fund (MRDF) protocols for wave and tidal energy, and engage with international standards setting activities, e.g. IEC TC114.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.533-542
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• 2021

Chitosan has been considered an environmental-friendly polymer. However, its use in agriculture has not been extended yet due to its relatively low solubility in water. N-Methylene phosphonic chitosan (NMPC) is a water-soluble derivative prepared by adding a phosphonic group to chitosan. This study demonstrates that NMPC has a fungicidal effect on the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani f. sp. eumartii (F. eumartii) judged by the inhibition of F. eumartti mycelial growth and spore germination. NMPC affected fungal membrane permeability, reactive oxygen species production, and cell death. Also, this chitosan-derivative exerted antifungal effects against two other phytopathogens, Botrytis cinerea, and Phytophthora infestans. NMPC did not affect tomato cell viability at the same doses applied to these phytopathogens to exert fungicide action. In addition to water solubility, the selective biological cytotoxicity of NMPC adds value in its application as an antimicrobial agent in agriculture.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2017년도 제48회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.248-250
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• 2017

Mar-M-247 합금은 고온에서의 우수한 강도로 Ni기 초내열합금 중 항공용 가스터빈 부품에 가장 널리 사용되는 소재 중 하나이다. Mar-M-247을 이용하여 터빈 노즐, 터빈 블레이드와 같이 Hot section 용으로 제작되는 부품은 복잡한 형상 등의 이유로 접합 공정을 적용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Mar-M-247 합금의 액상확산접합부에 대한 고온 특성 거동을 고찰하고자 하였다. 이에, $1,121^{\circ}C$에서 7분간 확산접합을 실시하여 고온 강도 변화를 관찰하였다. 시험 결과, 접합 시편은 $649^{\circ}C$에서 모재 대비 약 70%, $825^{\circ}C$에서 약 60%, $1,000^{\circ}C$에서 약 45%의 강도치를 나타내었다. 접합시간에 따른 강도 변화를 관찰한 결과, 720분 접합한 시편은 $649^{\circ}C$에서 모재와 유사한 강도치를 나타내었으며, 이는 One-body 부품에 가까운 일체형 확산 접합이 이루어진 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.354-364
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine whether dietary factors could be related with serum adiponectin concentrations in 243, year-three female university students living in Seoul. The mean of body mass index (BMI) and adiponectin levels of all subjects were $20.17kg/m^2$ and $11.07{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. When the subjects were divided into 3 groups based on BMI (underweight: < 18.5, normal: $18.5{\leq}&lt;23$, overweight and obesity: ${\geq}23$), serum adiponectin levels in underweight group was significantly higher than that in 'normal' or 'overweight and 'obesity' groups. Also when the subjects were divided into two groups by mean adequacy ratio (MAR), serum adiponectin concentration of the high MAR group (MAR > 75) was slightly higher than that the low MAR group ($MAR{\leq}75$). Serum adiponectin levels showed a negative correlation with body weight (p < 0.01) or BMI (p < 0.001) and a positive correlation with intakes of of animal or total protein (please clarify) or vegetable protein.Among the dietary behaviors, serum adiponectin levels of females who answered 'yes' to the question about 'eating breakfast' was significantly higher than that of those who answered 'sometimes' or 'No' (p < 0.05) and serum adiponectin levels were higher among those who reported higher fruit intakes. Overall, our results suggested that healthy lifestyle including acceptable BMI, eating breakfast and higher fruit consumption might play an important role in the prevention of obesity and enhancement of blood adiponectin levels.