• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2015

This study investigated heat generation characteristics of knitted and woven intelligent garments made of ZrC imbedded yarns through thermal manikin measurement. These emotional and intelligent thermal characteristics by thermal manikin measurement were analysed and compared with light/thermal radiation experimental results. Surface temperature of ZrC imbedded woven and knitted fabrics by light/thermal radiation measurement was $4^{\circ}C$ and $2^{\circ}C$ higher than that of regular PET control fabrics, respectively. Clo value as heat generation characteristics of ZrC imbedded woven and knitted garments with light exposure was 0.14 and 0.08 higher than that of regular PET control garments, respectively. These results were attributed to the far-infrared thermal radiation from ZrC imbedded in the core part of the intelligent bi-component filament, which was verified by far-infrared emissive power ranged between $6{\mu}m$ and $20{\mu}m$ through FT-IR experiment and by inclusion of Zr through EDS ingredient analysis. However, compressibility of ZrC imbedded woven fabric was lower than that of regular PET one, and bending rigidity was higher than that of regular one, which resulted in a little stiff tactile hand property of ZrC imbedded fabric. We found that ZrC imbedded intelligent woven and knitted fabrics were applicable to the intelligent garment as a heat generation textile material by thermal manikin measurement.

• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
• /
• 1997.07a
• /
• pp.120-120
• /
• 1997

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
• /
• v.39 no.10
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2010

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.565-572
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to measure partial heat resistance of Hanbok when it worn. Since Hanbok varies from season to season, four different set of Hanboks (R, SN, p and S) were tested. Also Durumagi (D) which is worn over Hanbok (5) to keep warm from winter cold was tested as well. The thermal manikin was used in this experiment. The room temperature, air velocity and the relative humidity was set at $20\pm0.5^{\circ}C$, 0.15 m/sec and $50\pm$5% respectively. The mean skin temperature of the manikin was set at $33\pm0.5^{\circ}C$. The results were as follows: 1. The order from the least total heat resistance to the most was SN, R, p, 5 and D. 2. Upper arms had the highest heat resistance among the 13 parts. The next was abdomen thighs, buttock, legs, forearms and chest, back, and head, the order from the most to the least.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.299-306
• /
• 2007

Recently, the numerical analysis using person shape model for CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) has been researched widely for the thermal comfort and inhaled air quality of human body in the indoor environments. The purpose of this research is to examine the characteristic of airflow and thermal environment around human body by the experiment of displacement ventilation that assumes the indoor environment of natural convection. In this study, thermal manikin was used instead of real human body. The Airflow characteristic around human body was measured in precision by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry). This experimental result will be used as data for CFD benchmark test using person shape model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.173-186
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the weight of seasonal garments worn by Korean women in their daily lives and thermal insulation. We selected a total of 121 garments(13 kinds of Under garments, 51 Upper garments, 32 Lower garments, 15 Headgear, 10 Gloves Footgear) based on our previous survey using questionnaire and interview. Thermal insulation of single garment was measured with a thermal manikin. Also we measured garment weight, covering area, thickness, air permeability on the each garment(chamber air temperature: $21.5{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, humidity: $50{\pm}5%R.H.$ air speed: 0.15m/s). The results are as follow: The very strong positive correlation(r=0.905, p<.01) was recognized between the weight of single garment and thermal insulation. The regression equation of thermal insulation can be represented as follows: Thermal Insulation(clo)=$0.03+0.0004{\times}Garment$ Weight(g)($r^2$=0.820, SEE =0.059). There are significant differences in the thermal insulation and garment weight by season and garment type(p<.05). The each garment category's thermal insulation and garment weight has as follows: Under garment(0.06clo, 89g), Blouse Shirt T-shirt(0.13clo, 200g), Cardigan Sweater Vest(0.14clo, 287g), Coat Jacket Jumper(0.41clo, 890g), Skirt(0.16clo, 276g), Trousers(0.20clo, 438g), Headgear(0.03clo, 102g), Gloves Footgear(0.03clo, 33g).

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.157-165
• /
• 2014

To develop a compact vehicle for women, the most important areas are 'behavioral characteristics, life style and driving posture'. Static AM95%ile manikin is used for package guideline. Since women's characteristics and sitting position are different from men, however, the guideline cannot satisfy women drivers. Therefore, the goal of this study is to make the database with dynamic women's driving posture and behavioral characteristics at compact vehicle. Research process will be made as follows. Firstly, through the online/offline survey and statistic analysis, lifestyle and behavioral characteristics (discomfort elements) of women are extracted. Secondly, the author performs scenario test to acquire the discomfort value of driving situation and life style. 3D models of women's manikin and driving posture were created by CATIA HUMAN. The 3D models are used for the purpose of analyzing women's driving posture. Finally, with the ANOVA result and comparison between real driving posture and package guidelines, the author is able to suggest the main issue for women drivers.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.42-47
• /
• 2008

1. Objectives The Body Shape and Feature is one of the important standard for classification of Sasang Constitutions. In order to evaluate one's Body Shape and Feature objectively we have been developing the Body Measuring Machine. Now we develop the 3D Automatic Body Measuring Machine(3D-ABMM). So we make an analysis of the 3D-ABMM's Accuracy. 2. Methods By using the 3D-ABMM and Vivid 9i(3D laser scanner, Konica Minolta) we have a surface scan of the three objects which are the upper body of the female and male Manikin and a male model. We overlap each scan data using the RapidForm2006 (3D scan data solution, INUS Technology) and calculate the average distance and standard deviation between the same point of each scan data. 3. Results and Conclusions In the female Manikin, the average distance is 0.84mm and the standard deviation is 1.16mm and the maximum distance is 10.68mm. In the male Manikin, the average distance is 1.12mm and the standard deviation is 1.19mm and the maximum distance is 12.00mm. In the male model, the average distance is 3.26mm and the standard deviation is 2.59mm and the maximum distance is 12.75mm. From the results, 3D-ABMM has good accuracy for scanning body and will be a usable hardware of the 3D Automatic Body Analysis Machine.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.369-375
• /
• 2016

Purpose of this study was to compare the easiness of insertion of three Supraglottic airway devices(SADs) in a neutral and cervical neck collar position in a manikin setting. Three different SADs-Laryngeal Mask Classic (LMA), I-gel and Streamlined Liner of the Pharynx Airway(SLIPA) were applied. Thirty nine emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who are working in Korea 119 rescue services were taught briefly about the use of the LMA, I-gel and SLIPA in a manikin setting. The time to effective ventilation was shorter in I-gel ($10.5{\pm}2.2$, $11.4{\pm}5.7$) and SLIPA ($12.3 {\pm}5.1$, $12.0{\pm}6.8$) than LMA ($17.2{\pm}3.2$, $18.5{\pm}5.5$) in a neutral and cervical neck collar position, respectively(p<0.05). There was no difference between head positions in each of the airways. In conclusion, in the speed of insertion, I-gel and SLIPA were superior to LMA in the neutral and cervical collar setting of a manikin.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.27-41
• /
• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to supply basic data for the impact on the accuracy of basic CPR according to position and foot-board height of basic CPR provider. Methods : Study design was within - group design. Subjects were 25 EMT-P Students in K city. Interventions was basic CPR performed on a resuscitation manikin placed on a hospital bed, kneeling on the bed adjacent to the manikin. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Friedman test. Results : In case of the basic CPR performed on a resuscitation manikin placed on a hospital bed, ventilation accuracy was the highest in less than 160 cm height, foot-board height : $34.2{\pm}1.48cm$, 91.4% and in 161-165 cm height, foot-board height : $26.0{\pm}2.14cm$, 88.4% and in 171-175 cm height, foot-board height : $23.0{\pm}1.41cm$, 91.3% and in the above 176 cm, kneeling on the bed, 95%. Chest compression accuracy was the highest in less than 160 cm height, foot-board height : $30.2{\pm}1.48cm$, 95.6% and in 161-165 cm height, kneeling on the bed, 97.6% and in 171-175 cm height, kneeling on the bed, 98.5% and in the above 176 cm, kneeling on the bed, 98.7% and foot-board height : $20.5{\pm}1.91cm$, 98.7%. Chest compression error was due to too weak : 2.0-35.4 times. There were ststistically significant differences in 191-195 cm group according to chest compression mean depths($x^2=10.824$, p = .013) and chest compression error (p = .040). Conclusion : In contrast to current guidelines, the position and foot-board height of basic CPR provider are very important to the accuracy of the basic CPR. Furthermore, we recommend that a using real time audiovisual feedaback system significantly improve the quality of chest compression and ventilation during resuscitation.