• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.467-475
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• 2004

The purposes of this exploratory study were to a) verify the first image remember percentage about foodservice and the desire to eat, b) identify detail attributes on the 'food taste' and 'menu variety', the most important problem of the foodservice, c) decide the ranking for improvement of the identified detail attributes, and d) applicate from customer feedback to foodservice operation in the B&I(business & industry) foodservice. For the more reliable result, customer opinion was collected by qualitative research methodology, such as open-ended questionnaire and in-depth interview. The result was followed as : the firstly, the operation circumstance was total 6,700 meal number a day through in-depth interview and 3 types of meal was served. The secondly, the average usage a week was the 7.4 times(B foodservice(B1F)) and the 1.8 times(A foodservice(3F)), respectively. Using reasons of foodservice were 'broad extent', 'menu type', 'shifting convenience' and etc on B foodservice(B1F) and 'menu type', 'clean space' and etc on A foodservice(3F), but the disadvantages of both foodservice were 'complication on peak time', 'the decline of food taste', and 'the absence of menu variety'. 'The decline of food taste' and 'the absence of menu variety' were pointed out the problem asked immediate improvement. The thirdly, it was examined that the first remember about foodservice were 'menu type' and 'foodservice environment' on A foodservice(3F) and 'foodservice environment(atmosphere)' on B foodservice(B1F). The last result, the detail attributes about food taste were ranked respectively 'a salt taste', 'balance of 5 taste at a meal', 'taste of food characteristic' and the unsatisfaction attributes about menu variety were ranked respectively 'serving frequently a same menu', 'the absence of various taste', 'using frequently a same cooking preparation'.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.46
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• pp.387-419
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• 2009

The concept of strategic group is defined as an aggregate of corporations utilizing similar strategies with similar resources. It becomes a kinds of contact point in the middle of corporation and industry between the industrial organization theory and the strategic management theory. This study tried to apply the strategic group model, which has been a main theory in the management studies, to program providing industry in Korea. This study shed lights upon research problems such as number of strategic groups, differences of strategic variables among the groups, finally differential performances according to strategic groups. 40 commercial broadcasting companies were analyzed to find answers. 9 strategic groups were drawn as a result of cluster analysis. Major variables which contribute to making groups were operating efficiency(4.05), pricing(3.83), size(number of system operator, 3.56), reliance on license revenue(2.58), horizontal integration(number of sister networks, 2.16) in order. An analysis of variance between performance variables has shown statistical significance regarding total net revenue per subscriber, however, insignificances statistically in regards to ratio of operating profit to net sales, cash Abstracts 687 flow ratio. Some studies in the past insisted that history variable played an important role to classifying strategic groups. However, this study found that the history didn't exert significant influence on either the group classification itself or performance.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.369-378
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• 2011

Incidence of mastitis is highest in dairy cows and it is a leader of all diseases and the economic losses, in dairy farms. The objective of this study is to analyse the incidence of clinical mastitis using the lactation number, lactation month and season of calving. In this study, we used 3,779 lactation data and animal health records collected from 1990 to 2006 at the National Institute of Animal Science. Out of 3,779 cows, a total of 1,721 cows were reported with clinical mastitis, which was 46.3%. The frequency of mastitis increased from 36.9% from first lactation to 56.0% by the fifth lactation. As many as 766 cows (46.9%) showed a recurrence of mastitis after 14 days, apart for two or more and chronic mastitis that were recorded for 657 cows (20.3%). This came to a total of 3,010 cases that had clinical mastitis in the herd for sixteen years. The distribution of incidence of clinical mastitis was highest during the first month of lactation at 24.4%, and it reached to 43.4% by the third month. The incidence of mastitis was even higher for cows in first lactation, showing 28.6% in the first month, and 42.9 percent by third month of lactation. Cows calved during the summer and winter months showed higher rate of incidence with 59.9% and 57.9% within 30 days of lactation, respectively. It is urgently needed to establish a preventative management for heifer cows during their expected first lactation and the clinical specific dry-period management strategies that influence the rate of clinical mastitis during the next lactation. The aim of this study is to present information that might be useful to improve clinical mastitis prevention.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.329-336
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• 2007

Toothache is a common complaint in the dental office. Most toothaches have their origin in the pulpal tissues or periodontal structures1). These odontogenic pains are managed well and predictably by dental therapies. One of the most frequent encounters and most confusing phenomena with which the dental diagnostician must deal is the problem of referred pain. The most important step toward proper management of a toothache is to consider that the pain may not be of dental origin. And Patients with orofacial pain, especially those in chronic pain, present a diagnostic and management challenge for the practitioners. There are many structures in the head and neck that can produce heterotopic pains felt in the teeth and other structures. Once referred pain is suspected, the true source of the pain must be located in order to render effective therapy. With increased interest in temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain, many studies of accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis about orofacial pain have been established. The purpose of this paper is to present a case for pansinusitis which produced pain referral in teeth and mimicked the symptoms of migraine.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.195-211
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between leisure time and time pressure based on time availability perspective and gender perspective. For this purpose, this study examined the use of leisure time and the level of time pressure according to gender and gender role attitudes and investigated the relationship between leisure time and time pressure focusing on gender differences in the moderating effect of gender role attitudes. The sample for the study was drawn from the Time Use Survey data collected by Korean National Statistical Office in 2009. Two cases were gathered from each of the samples who are married, aged over 20, presently working and raising preschoolers, which makes 3,150 cases in the total. The major findings are as follows. First, the differences of leisure time between groups according to gender role attitude are not significant, but gender differences are significant. Men's leisure time is more than women's leisure time. Secondly, people with progressive gender role attitudes have higher time pressure than people with conservative gender role attitudes. By the gender groups, women's time pressure is higher than men's time pressure. Thirdly, men's time pressure is decreasing as leisure time increases, but effect of leisure time on women's time pressure is not significant. Women with progressive gender role attitudes have higher time pressure than women with conservative gender role attitudes. On the other hand, influence of gender role attitudes on men's time pressure is not significant. Fourthly, only male group has a significant moderating effect of gender role attitudes in the relationship between leisure time and time pressure. In other words, time pressure of men with conservative gender role attitudes is decreasing more sharply than men with progressive gender role attitudes as leisure time increases. In contrast, increased leisure time does not relieve women's time pressure even though they have conservative gender role attitudes. These results show that men's time pressure can be interpreted in the time availability perspective, while women's time pressure can be described in gender perspective.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.64-75
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• 2012

Today organizations are making considerable efforts in order to maintain excellent talent, and in particular, they are focusing on understanding their intentions of changing jobs which are most highly correlated with job turnover. In the case of architectural design firms, its intensity of work is very high unlike industrial settings, and it not only takes much time to cultivate new men of talent and but also is characteristic that employees can change livery easily because of the flexible labor market. The turnover rated by National Statistical Office indicates that specialized, scientific and technical service industry including the architectural design firm has a relatively high turnover rate compared to the average of the turnover rate of the overall industries. However, studies on intentions of changing jobs until now were conducted focused on employees engaged in other industrial areas, and it is true that studies regarding intentions of changing jobs of practitioners of architectural design firms are very insufficient. In this context, the present study aimed to draw determinants affecting intentions of changing jobs of practitioners of architectural design firms, to objectively understand the practitioners' intentions of changing jobs through importance analysis by each factor based on this and to make a comparative analysis of differences between the large scale architectural design firms and the small and medium sized architectural design firms.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Despite the legal and institutional measures that have been enacted for the safety management of school facilities, the number of school accidents has continued to rise, particularly in regards to the number of accidents related to schools. However, school facilities have had a difficult time creating safe school environments for the school administration and local governments. This is due to the fact that the Office of Education and the Ministry of Education, not the school or educational offices, have insufficient institutional devices such as standards and systems for the promotion of safe school environments. This study attempted to confirm the direction of the improvement of the safety of school facilities. To this end, four safety assessment topics (separation of pedestrians, pedestrian path management, pedestrian visibility, and surrounding risk factors) were derived based on the surveyed data for the safety of the external environment of domestic and international school facilities. 179 school facilities nationwide (kindergartens, elementary schools, middle schools, high schools, and special schools) were analyzed for current cases of accidents that occurred mainly on school roads. Roughly 50% of the analyzed evaluation scores showed that it is necessary to improve the external environment of school facilities.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2011

High-rise buildings have recently increased over the residential, commercial and office facilities, thus an understanding of construction cost for high-rise building projects has been a fundamental issue due to enormous construction cost as well as unpredictable market conditions and fluctuations in the rate of inflation by long-term construction periods of high-rise projects. Especially, recent violent fluctuations of construction material prices add to problems in construction cost forecasting. This research, therefore, develops a time-series model with the Box-Jenkins methodologies and material prices time-series data in Korea in order to forecast future trends of unit prices of required materials. BIM (Building Information Modeling) approaches are also used to analyze injection time of construction resources and to conduct quantity takeoff so that total material price can be forecasted. Comparative analysis of Predictability of tentative ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) models was conducted to determine optimal time-series model for forecasting future price trends. Proposed BIM based time series forecasting model can help to deal with sudden changes in economic conditions by estimating future material prices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.807-810
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• 2011

The sensor network technology for core technology of ubiquitous computing is in the spotlight recently, the research on sensor network is proceeding actively which is composed many different sensor node. USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) is the network that widely applies for life of human being. It works out to sense, storage, process, deliver every kind of appliances and environmental information from the stucktags and sensors. And it is possible to utilize to measure and monitor about the place of environmental pollution which is difficult for human to install. It's studied constantly since it be able to compose easily more subminiature, low-power, low-cost than previous one. And also it spotlights an important field of study, graft the green IT and IT of which the environment and IT unite stragically onto the Network. The problem for the air pollution in the office or the indoor except a specific working area is the continuously issue since the human beings have lived in the dwelling facilities. Measures for that problem are urgently needed. It's possible to solve for the freshair of outside with enough ventilation but that is the awkward situation to be managed by person. This study is the system engineering to management for indoor air condition under the sensor network. And research for efficiently manage an option.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.592-603
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• 2019

This study is about the implementation of low energy sewage management technology through effective control of blower which consumes the most energy in sewage treatment. In calculating the amount of oxygen required for microorganisms, unlike the existing method using the operating index in the bioreactor or TMS data in the discharge port, the CODcr and NH₄⁺-N concentration changes in sewage flowing into the sewage treatment plant were detected in advance before entering the bioreactor and the amount of air was controlled based on this. The pre-sensing was found to have a high correlation compared with conventional products. As a result of blower control, it was possible to save about 9.9% energy more than the manual control. Consequently, this study suggested the possibility of blower's real-time control combined with pre-sensing technology. Also, it is expected that the low energy sewage treatment can be applied to sewage treatment facilities dependent on operation by manpower, and it will contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.