• 응용통계연구
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.745-760
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• 2021

금융시장에서 주식 가격 자체 또는 가격의 방향성에 대한 예측은 오래 전부터 관심의 대상이 되어 왔기에 여러 방면에서 다양한 연구가 이어져 왔다. 특히 1960년대에 들어서며 많은 연구가 진행되었고 예측가능성에 대해 찬반의 의견들이 있었는데, 1970년대에 나타난 효율적 시장 가설이 지지를 받으면서 주식 가격의 예측은 불가능하다는 의견이 주를 이루었다. 그러나 최근 기계학습 등 예측기술의 발달로 인해 주식 시장에서 미래를 예측해 보려는 새로운 시도가 이어져, 주식시장의 효율성을 부정하고 높은 예측력을 주장하는 연구들이 등장하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 과거 연구들을 평가방법 별로 정리하고, 새로운 주장의 신빙성을 확인하기 위해 이차판별분석, support vector machine, random forest, extreme gradient boost, 심층신경망 등 다양한 기계학습 모형을 적용하여 한국유가증권시장에 상장된 종목 중 삼성전자, LG화학, Naver 주식 가격의 방향성을 예측해보았다. 이때, 널리 사용되는 기술적 지표 변수들과 더불어 price earning ratio, price book-value ratio 등 회계지표를 활용한 변수와, 은닉마르코프모형의 출력값 변수를 사용하였다. 분석결과, 이번 연구의 조건 하에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 예측력을 제시하는 모형이 존재하지 않았고, 현 시점에서 단기 주가 방향성의 예측은 어렵다고 판단되었다. 비교적 단순한 이차판별분석 모형과 회계지표를 활용한 변수를 추가한 모형이 상대적으로 높은 예측력을 보였다는 점에서, 복잡한 모형을 시도하기 보다는 주식 가격에 대한 투자자들의 의견 및 심리가 반영될 수 있는 다양한 변수를 개발하여 활용한다면 향후 유의미한 예측이 가능할 수도 있을 것이다.

• 윤리연구
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• 제77호
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• pp.73-112
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• 2010

이번 연구의 목적은 한국 다문화 사회의 특성과 문제점을 도덕적 공황 상태의 측면에서 탐구하는데 있다. 이를 위해 우선 다문화주의 연구의 경향에서 문화에 대한 연구의 중요성을 살펴보고, 다문화주의 연구에서 문화 개념들을 수준별로 적용한다. 그리고 한국 다문화 사회가 안고 있는 근본적인 문제, 즉 소수자(집단)-외국인에 대한 다수자(집단)-한국인의 국적별, 인종별 편견과 계층화의 상태를 도덕·윤리학의 영역에서 모색할 수 있는 근거를 마련하고자 한다. 다문화주의 연구에서 주목하는 문화 개념은 크게 두 가지로 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 문화를 의미의 패턴으로 간주한다. 둘째, 문화를 완전성에 관한 연구로 바라 본다. 전자는 타문화에 대한 이해와 해석에 유리하고, 후자는 도덕성을 토대로 하는 정체성 확립에 관심을 기울인다. 한편, 다문화주의 연구에서 주요 쟁점들 또한 두 가지로 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 정체성과 다양성의 논의이다. 20세기초반까지 국민국가는 정체성을 강조했지만, 오늘날에는 다양성의 주제들이 부각되고 있다. 둘째, 소수 개인(집단)의 권리와 보편적 가치에 대한 논의이다. 이는 개인의 자유에 대한 강제를 반박하는 자유주의와 공동의 선을 추구하는 공동체주의 간의 간격에서 진행하고 있다. 다문화주의 연구에서 문화 개념은 지향별, 수준별로 확대 적용되어야 한다. 한개인이 정체성을 확인하는 내적 지향의 문화 관념은 매우 강하고, 타문화에 대한 이해와 해석의 외적 지향 관념은 다소 약하다. 이를 집단 차원에서 상호보완해서 연결된다면, 시민성과 자율성을 내적 지향에서 확인할 수 있고, 정의와 평등에 대한 의미 파악과 적용은 각 집단의 외적 지향에서 실행할 수 있게 된다. 이럴 경우에만 다문화가 공존할 수 있는 사회가 바람직하게 형성될 수 있다. 이를 한국 다문화 사회에서 적용하려면, 관주도형의 집행위주의 정책에서 벗어나, 각 개인별, 집단별 특성을 파악해서 그들에게 어떤 문화 관념이 보완되어야 하는지를 먼저 해결해야 한다. 오늘날 다양한 정책들의 지원에도 불구하고, 한국 다문화 사회가 안고 있는 모순은 다수자(집단)-한국인으로부터 발생한다. 왜냐하면 순혈주의, 단일민족주의와 같은 매우 강한 내적 지향의 문화 관념이 무의식적으로도 영향력을 발휘하기 때문이다. 이는 정부와 미디어와 같은 2차적 정의자들이 소수자(집단)-외국인에 대한 왜곡과 결부되면서 다수자(집단)-한국인에게 커다란 사회적 위협으로 다가온다. 예컨대, 외국인 범죄의 경우, 실제로는 불법체류자 검거, 외국인 폭력조직 및 마약과 관련해서 발생하지만, 정부는 이를 국적별, 인종별로 외국인 관리 감독 차원의 강화로, 미디어는 외국인 거주 지역을 범죄, 가난의 상징으로 확대 생산한다. 하지만 국적별, 인종별로 본다면, 미국과 일본 등의 이른바 선진국 출신의 외국인 범죄가 더 악영향을 미친다. 이번 연구는 이처럼 왜곡된 한국 다문화 사회의 도덕적 공황 상태가 바로 2차적 정의자들인 정부와 미디어, 동시에 다수자(집단)-한국인에게 있다고 본다. 바로 이것이 한국 다문화 사회가 안고 있는 실제 도덕적 공황 상태라고 할 수 있다. 그러므로 한국 다문화 사회에 대한 연구에서는 소수자가 아니라 다수자(집단)-한국인을 주로 대상으로 해야 하고, 근본적으로 순혈주의와 단일민족주의의 정체성을 개방적으로 전환시킬 수 있는 도덕·윤리적 과제를 보다 심도 깊이 다루어야 한다. 하지만 현재 다문화 정책으로는 이와 같은 반성이 결여되어 있기 때문에, 어떤 정책도 한국 다문화 사회의 발전 방향을 제시할 수 없다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the trends of resourcefulness researche studies for suggesting the future direction of study. Study design, types of subjects, measurement tools, study concept, and outcome were examined by reviewing 61 research studies published from 1980 to 1999. The results were as follows: 1. There were 24 works in the 1980s and 37 works in 1990, according to the published year of resourcefulness study. Nonexperimental studies like descriptive study, correlational study and comparative study were more frequent than experimental studies. 2. Research studies that consisted of 30- 100 subjects were the most numerous with 27 studies in all. The majority of study subjects was shown as healthy students and depressive patients. 3. Most studies used Rosenbaum's Self Control Schedule(SCS) for assessing resourcefulness. Reliabilities of resourcefulness researches were cronbach ${\alpha}=.70$ or more. According to statisitical tests done for internal validity, SCS was negatively correlated to maladaptation. Factor analysis revealed that the most parsimonious structure was 3 to 6 factors. The total communality variance in the SCS was about 40 %. Other tools used with the SCS were about coping, depression, satisfaction of life and symptoms, self management and health promotion. 4. In correlational studies, concepts like depression, anxiety, and psychological symptoms were related to resourcefulness negatively. Adaptive functioning, life satisfaction and self achievement had positive correlations to resourcefulness. 5. Studies on comparison between a healthy person and depressive patient or smoker and non-smoker were done. There were coping, depression, symptom, self efficacy, health problem and self-control as comparative concepts. 6. Study subjects consisted of depressive patients in 9 of 18 experimental studies. The majority of studies were done with cognitive-behavioral therapy as an experimental intervention. The most effective treatment was revealed in high resourcefulness group. Since the above findings, resourcefulness research increased since 1980 and mostly non-experimental design for quantitative study were done. In the field of nursing, research about resourcefulness was in an initial stage. It is expected that further research needed to be done. Recommendations on the basis of the present research suggest that it is necessary to replicate studies, develop nursing intervention enhancing resourcefulness and apply it to patients with chronic diseases including cancer.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2012

Purpose: This study aimed to identify contents and trends of Korean nursing doctoral dissertations in terms of research methodology and theoretical characteristics. Methods: The design of the study was descriptive study and a total of 1,089 quantitative studies completed between 1982 and 2010 were reviewed using the analytical framework developed by the researchers. Results: The majority of studies utilized the experimental design (51.5%) and the others were survey design (38.8%) and methodological design (5.0%). Study subjects were shown as patients (45%), care givers (11.2%), ordinary persons (40.6%) and others (3.2%). There were growing trends in experimental design and patients as subjects. The prevailing data collection settings were hospitals (45.8%) and community (27.8%). The theoretical frameworks that studies were based on were the existing theories (37%) and a newly developed theoretical framework by a researcher (25.2%). a framework derived from other studies by the researcher (25.2%). Majority of studies (78.5%) employed a single theory as a theoretical framework. However, 31.8% of studies had no theoretical framework based on. Conclusion: Findings of this study provided the opportunities to shed new light on the current status of Korean doctoral dissertation and to deliberate on the future direction of nursing studies in Korea.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1981

This study was conducted with 478 farm households located in Pyongtaek Gun of Gyonggi Do, Chongju City and Chongwon Gun of Chung Buk Do, and Hongchon Gun of Gangwon Do for the period of 10, September through 20, October 1980. It dealt with general features of the farmhouseholds, their practices of handling and using pescides, and relationship between safe use of pesticides and poisoning experiences. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. Of the total, 63.2% purchased pesticides mainly through the Agricultural Coops, and 95.4% transported them home separately from other goods. 2 Pesticides were sold contained mainly in glass bottles and paper bags. 3. Mixing of the respodents (87.5%) stored pesticides in sheds, warehouses and boxes. 4. Mixing containers and measuring tools were not used by the majority of the group studied. This indicates that there exist serious problems of safety and accuracy with regard to use of pesticides. 5. As to pesticide protective devices, gloves, respirators, goggles and boots were not used in general. Even in case of using them, their quality was not satisfactory. 6. Among the interviewees, 4.2% did not read pesticide label, 33.9% did not wash immediately when pesticide was spilled on the skin, 48.4% did not care the wind direction during pesticide application, and 17.0% did not wash hands when smoking a cigarette while pesticide is being handled. 7. Of the total, 40.4% were found to harvest vegetables within 10 days from the date of pesticide application, which indicates their unawareness of possible hazards by pesticide residues. 8. Empty pesticide containers or bags were not properly disposed of by majority of the respondents. Furthermore, impacts on the environment by the misuse or abuse of pesticides were not understood by 67.6% 9. Of the interviewees, 48.7% were found to have not received instructions on safe use of pesticides. 10. The rate of pesticidal poisoning experience was about 28.0% if minor symptoms excluded, and it rose to about 44.0% if included. Meanwhile, the rate of pesticidal poisoning tends to increase with the size of farm. 11. The study failed to show a statistically significant relationship between the rate of pesticidal poisoning and use of mixing container and/or measuring tools. However, use of gloves showed a statistical significance on the rate of pesticidal poisoning. 12. Among the poisoned cases, 19.0% were cared for in either hospitals or clinics.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.31-44
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• 1999

Atmospheric dry deposition flux and ambient particle mass size distribution were measured to evaluate the impact of atmospheric deposition around the Nanjido landfill sites. Wind direction affects greatly on the variation of mass flux and mass size distribution and made two times higher when the wind was blown from the road side. The effect of Nanjido landfill on the mass size distribution was significant comparing to simultaneously measured mass size distribution at the other sampling site. The results showed that the particle diameter bigger than $10{\mu}m$ explained the majority of atmospheric dry deposition flux. A survey was also carried out to investigate the contamination of soils in a completed Nanjido landfill. The chemical properties of the soil analyzed in the present study include pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), anion and cation concentration, total organic carbon(TOC), and some-metal elements concentrations were analyzed. Microbial activity in the soils was also evaluated by measuring dehydrogenase activities. TOC in the soil contaminated with leachate was $467.0{\mu}g/g-dry$ soil, and the TOC in the soil, where Nanjido landfill gases were emitted from, was $675{\mu}g/g-dry$ soil. The highest microbial activity of $968.0{\sim}2147{\mu}g-TPF/g-dry$ soil day was found in the soil spouting Nanjido landfill gases. Compared with those in the uncontaminated soil, the concentrations of Cr, Cu and Ph in the contaminated soil were higher.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to examine current status of women's health nursing practicum and identify necessary core nursing skills in this practicum area. Moreover, one syllabus and evaluation sheets for women's health nursing clinical practicum at one university were reviewed. Methods: A survey design was used with 81 educators who were teaching maternity or women's health nursing and its practicum. Results: Most clinical sites for practicum were university hospitals (43.0%), women's hospitals (32.7%), or general hospitals (17.3%); but the majority (77.8%) of educators expressed difficulty in finding appropriate practicum places. Common teaching and learning methods were clinical guides for practicum (44.6%), e-learning content (30.2%), and simulation (23.6%). Core nursing skills for this practicum included assessment of stages of labor, preparation of uterine-fetal monitoring devices and interpretation of results, monitoring uterus and fetal activity, and performing Leopold's maneuver. For postpartum care, the following were included; postpartum fundal massage, assessment of breast engorgement, fundus height, and episiotomy sites, inserting urinary catheter, and teaching the use of patient-controlled analgesia. Conclusion: To improve the quality of clinical practicum, development of a clear course syllabus, standardized clinical guidebook, and core nursing skills is required and should be shared with all relevant nurse educators.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1926-1930
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• 2004

We suggest a turning gait planning of a quadruped walking robot with an articulated spine. Robot developer has tried to implement a gait more similar to that of natural animals with high stability margin. Therefore, so many types of walking robot with reasonable gait have been developed. But there is a big difference with a natural animal walking motion. A key point is the fact that natural animals use their waist-oint(articulated spine) to walk. For example, a crocodile which has short legs relative to a long body uses their waist to walk more quickly and to turn more effectively. The other animals such as tiger, dog and so forth, also use their waist. Therefore, this paper proposes discontinuous turning gait planning for a newly modeled quadruped walking robot with an articulated spine which connects the front and rear parts of the body. Turning gait is very important as same as straight gait. All animals need a turning gait to avoid obstacle or to change walking direction. Turning gait has mainly two types of gaits; circular gait and spinning gait. We apply articulated spine to above two gaits, which shows the majority of an articulated spine more effectively. Firstly, we describe a kinematic relation of a waist-joint, the hip, and the center of gravity of body, and then apply a spinning gait. Next, we apply a waist-joint to a circular gait. We compare a gait stability margin with that of a conventional single rigid body walking robot. Finally, we show the validity of a proposed gait with simulation.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.243-279
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• 2004

The construction arbitration field has developed considerably since the latter half of the 1990s. Through analysis of construction arbitration cases taken up by KCAB, this paper intends to show the present condition and the improvement direction of construction arbitration in Korea. The number of construction arbitration cases filed at KCAB has been increasing rapidly after 1997, but recently the rate of increase has tended to decline. From 2000 to 2003 the number of arbitration cases increased 23％ each year, on average, but in 2003 the increase was only 7.6％. In the very beginning, public construction claims made up the majority of all construction cases, however, civil construction claims are increasing gradually. The arbitration amount in the construction field is very high, owing to public construction claims. For example, the arbitration amount per case was 5 billion won, on average,. in the public construction field. It is shown that the claimants of arbitration are mostly constructors and the main reasons for making claims are to demand payment for construction and payment for additional work. KCAB investigated the performance status of arbitration awards. The voluntary performance rate for awards in construction arbitration is nearly 80％ and in 11％, a suit was filed to appeal the arbitration award. In spite of the development of construction arbitration, some improvements are requested. There have been arguments about the effectiveness of selective arbitration agreement in the General Terms of Construction Contract. This has caused a decrease in arbitration cases, so improvements in this dispute settlement clause need to be made. Enforcement of arbitration awards is granted by the judgment of a court. Resulting from this, appeals for arbitration awards are not allowed, however, up to three appeals for the enforcement of awards are allowed in court. As such, the enforcement system for arbitration awards needs to be improved and simplified.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to gather information and opinions to better guide the direction for implementing improvements of the senior centers' indoor environments located in Jeonju residential areas, by surveying the users about the level of satisfaction and analyzing the result in relation to the current situation. Senior centers located in Jeonju residential areas were operating the facilities with low financial support from the local autonomous entity. According to the results of the survey, most of the users tend to use the facilities between 12p.m. to 6p.m., and the majority have lunch at the senior centers. Most of the senior centers already have cooking facilities, without a dining room, except one place, and even the facilities they have are very poor. In a thermal environment area, the temperature is mostly above in summer or below in winter the appropriate temperature, especially the temperature of the restroom of all senior centers are below $20^{\circ}C$ in winter. The density of carbon dioxide is above average in most indoor areas. However, the users' level of facilities' satisfaction was positive. To improve the seniors' quality of life, the local autonomous entity has to start regular check-ups and repair of the poor indoor environment and facilities, with more financial support and active supervision by senior center the management.