• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.574-586
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• 2006

Purpose: This paper is intended to provide a clauses of scope of nursing practice with nursing act. Method: This was a planning study. The provision of scope of nursing practice is constructed through critical review of literatures and regulations. The validity of the legal definition was tested through expert and staffs in affiliates of Korean Nurses Association review. Result: 'Nursing is an activity that assesses and diagnoses the reaction of an individual, family, and community for health promotion and maintenance, illness prevention and rehabilitation and to provide intervention and evaluate the results. This practices are done through nursing knowledge and skills. The nursing practices include basic nursing services (general hygiene, environment and safety control, emotional and physical comfort, examination and surgery related care, systematic observation and reporting about patients, activity and organ function maintenance), practice of doctor's regimen, consulting and education to patients, reference, collaboration and management with other health personnel, public health activity by regulation. And nursing standards are set by a separate code. Conclusions: The result of this study can be used to offer for nursing act. So, This legal definition will be constantly discussed and extended to reflect actual nursing practice.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.74-79
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• 2003

The functional properties such as a firming maintenance capacity for fermented vegetables, protein coagulation capacity antibacterial activity, calcium and peroxide absorption capacity of calcium powder of cuttle bone treated with acetic acid (ATC) were examined. In the Korean pickled cucumbers (20 days), the calcium content of ethanol insoluble solids was 5,264.9 mg/100 g and this value was higher than that of control (2,036.4 mg/100 g). Protein coagulation capacity of ATC was $0.9\%$ and its calcium absorption capacity was $49.3\%.$ The peroxide absorption capacity of ATC was shown $0-1.1\%$ range. Antibacterial activity was detected above $0.2\%.$ The ATC was effective in a firming maintenance of fermented vegetables (cucumber), coagulation capacities for soybean milk and antibacterial activity. The ATC was not effective in clarifying wastewater. Peroxide absorption capacity toward linoleic acid could not be checked by ATC, but its calcium absorption ratio was high compared to that of commercial calcium powder.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.62-73
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• 2016

Objectives: Dropout and weight regain are common problems in most obesity treatments. The purpose of this study was to review previously published study results of the predictive factors associated with dropout during weight loss treatment and weight loss maintenance after successful weight loss. Methods: Authors searched for the articles related to dropout and weight loss maintenance, published from 2007 to 2016 found on Pubmed, Scopus, RISS, and KISS. A total of 19 articles were finally selected. From the study results, unchangeable and changeable predictors were extracted, and these predictors were examined according to dropout and weight loss maintenance categories. Results: The unchangeable predictors of dropout were younger age, lower education level and female, whereas the changeable predictors of dropout were lower initial weight loss, symptoms of depression and body dissatisfaction. The strongest factor for predicting the dropout was initial weight loss. The unchangeable predictors of weight loss maintenance were old age, male and family history of obesity, whereas the changeable predictors of weight loss maintenance were regular exercise, dietary restraint, self-weighing and low depressive symptoms. Initial weight loss, depressive symptoms, body image, dietary restraint, physical activity, weight loss expectation and social support were considered to be dominant factors for weight loss treatments. Conclusions: Our review results suggest that unchangeable and changeable predictors of dropout and weight loss maintenance should be carefully examined during treatments of obesity.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1411-1426
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• 2000

A nursing activity classification for hospitalized patients was performed based on an article review regarding nursing definition and nursing activity classification system. The study was conducted as follows: 1) Taxonomy was developed by the research team through the Delphi process and review article. The taxonomy consists of four nursing processes, (assessment, diagnosis, intervention and evaluation) and twelve nursing activity domains space (resperation, nutrition, elimination, exercise/alignment maintenance, comfort, hygiene, safety, spiritual support, counseling/ education, medication, communication, patient and information management). 2) First, nursing activities of the intervention process were listed and then classified by the nursing process of assessment, diagnosis, intervention and evaluation. The list consists of twelve nursing activity domains and 136 nursing activities. 3) A pilot study was conducted in two hospitals to verify validity and appropriateness of nursing activities. 4) The content validity index, which was calculated by 6 clinical practice experts, was 0.95. Also, a nursing activity classification system should also be developed in the department of community nursing and home health care nursing.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 1995

Intracellular recordings were obtained from Purkinje cells in rat cerebellar slices maintained in vitro. Adding tetrodotoxin to the superfusion solution produced a typical pattern of repetitive burst firing consisting of a cluster of action potentials followed by a long hyperpolarization. TTX-induced oscillatory activity was not due to modulation of membrane potential although underlying mechanisms for maintenance of oscillatory activity were influenced by membrane voltage. The mechanism of TTX-induced oscillation was not related to the presence or amplitude of $I_h$ and could still induce the oscillatory activity after blockade of $I_h$ by cesium. The result from an experiment in which QX-314 was injected intracellularly strongly suggested that TTX-induced oscillatory firing activity was due to blockade of post-synaptic $Na^{+}$ currents intrinsic to PCs.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.11
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• pp.757-764
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• 2013

The estimation of maintenance cost of information system so far has been conducted centered on the ordering body, so the problem of provider's having to cover the cost due to small cost compared to the amount of work is not solved. This study is a base study for estimating the maintenance cost of information system centered on provider, and it deduces cost items of maintenance and suggests adjustment factors for adjusting the gap between the ordering body and provider regarding the maintenance cost. In order to deduce the cost items of maintenance, this study adds the activities of the provider for maintenance to the base study of cost factors regarding the existing maintenance activity, divides, and classifies them into the fixed cost and variable cost. In order to adjust the gap between the ordering body and provider regarding the maintenance cost, this study found the adjustment factors such as the code, utility, and components created by the automatic tool that was not included when estimating the maintenance cost centered on the ordering body. After examining and analyzing K Company's data of maintenance performance for three years, it confirmed that the gap regarding the adjustment factors was about 13% in case of K Company.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.197-203
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• 2016

This study is to constructs the model by the relationship between the most important ones of TPM's step activities which are derived from the result of AHP analysis and the management performance. And it is to analyze whether step activities have impact on corporate performance through the mediating variable from a convergence point. Also it is to choose four step activities - irrational field and loss improvement, preparation and system establishment for the basic conditions of 5S, initial cleaning, loss analysis of facility efficiency - as independent variables, and to analyze the effect of TPM activity level as mediating variable on management performance as dependent variable. According to the analysis, four step activities don't have direct effect on corporate performance but TPM activity level as mediating variable has a full-mediated effect on corporate performance. That is, TPM activity level has been shown to play a role as mediating variable. Therefore, higher recognition of confidence in facility, awareness of self-development and definitive management of individual work shows TPM activity can contribute to corporate performance successfully.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.179-189
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• 2020

In order to increase the indoor air purification effect of plants, plants need to be placed on 5-10% of indoor spaces. To increase the density and utilization of plants in indoor spaces, studies on bio-wall, a vertical green wall system, have been recently conducted. The purpose of this study was to investigate the growth characteristics of 7 indoor plants introduced to the system and their rooting zones at different irrigation cycles. This study was conducted to investigate a proper irrigation cycle for the continuous maintenance of bio-wall systems. The conditions of their growth environment were maintained as follows: light intensity, 20-50 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 PPFD; and temperature, 20 - 25℃. For fertilization, Hyponex diluted with water at the ratio of 1:1,000 was supplied to plants. Irrigation was treated at intervals of 1, 3, 5, and 7 days for 1 hour at a time. As a result, there was no significant difference in the growth of plants between different irrigation cycles. Dieffenbachia 'Marianne' showed a significant decrease in the number of leaves at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In addition, the chlorophyll content was relatively low at the irrigation cycle of 7 days. In terms of the color of leaves, a decrease in L value and b value and an increase in a value were observed, resulting in changes in brightness and color. Ardisia pusilla 'Variegata' showed a slightly higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance when it was watered every day and once per 5 days, while Epipremnum aureum showed a relatively higher photosynthetic activity and stomatal conductance at the irrigation cycle of 3 days. In the case of root activity, it was found that the longer irrigation cycle, the higher root activity compared to daily irrigation. The development of roots of Peperomia clusiifolia was promoted by watering at long intervals. However, in the case of Aglaonema 'Siam-Aurora', the total number of roots decreased at the interval of 7 days. In conclusion, a proper irrigation cycle for the sustainable maintenance of vertical bio-wall systems seems to be 3 days.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.119-136
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• 2019

Objectives: People often fail to maintain their weight even though they have succeeded in weight loss. The purpose of this study was to review previously published study results with regards to the predictive factors associated with weight loss maintenance after successful weight loss. Methods: The authors searched for the articles related to weight loss maintenance after successful weight loss, published up until June 2019 on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), and Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS). A total of 76 articles were finally selected. From the study results, changeable and unchangeable predictors were extracted, and these predictors were examined according to detailed categories. Results: The changeable predictors of weight loss maintenance included behavioral factors, psychological factors and treatment process-related factors, whereas the unchangeable predictors included genetic and physiological factors, demographic factors, history of treatment on obesity-related factors. The main factors of weight loss maintenance were changeable predictors such as healthy eating habits, dietary intake control, binge eating control, regular exercise and physical activity, depression and stress control, social supports, self-regulation, self-weighing and initial weight loss and unchangeable predictors such as low initial weight and maximum lifetime weight. Conclusions: The results of our review results suggest that changeable and unchangeable predictors of weight loss maintenance should be carefully examined during treatments of obesity.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.167-188
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• 2001

This study investigated the relationship of daily life activity experiences to violent behaviors and their moderating effects on the relationship between stress and violent behaviors in early adolescence. A sample of 134 second year middle school students carried electronic watches for one week and provided reports on their objective activity situation and subjective states when signalled at random times. Stress was positively correlated with violent behaviors. Daily activity experiences were correlated with violent behaviors and moderated the relationship between stress and violent behaviors. More time spent in socializing and passive leisure, and negative emotional states during schoolwork and active leisure were correlated with higher violent behaviors. Lower motivational states during schoolwork were correlated with higher violent behaviors. Lower cognition of importance and attention states during schoolwork and higher cognition of importance and attention states during active leisure and maintenance activities were correlated with higher violent behaviors. Finally, the moderating effects of negative emotion during active leisure, motivation and attention states during schoolwork on the relationship of stress with violent behaviors were found among girls only.