• 한국자기학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.283-286
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• 2006

고밀도 자기기록용 Ba-페라이트/$SiO_{2}$ 자성박막에서 계면확산 장벽으로써 ${\alpha}-Al_{2}O_{3}$ 버퍼층의 역할을 연구하였다. 열처리동안 $1900{\AA}$의 두께를 가진 비정질 Ba-페라이트/$SiO_{2}$ 박막에서 계면확산은 약 $700^{\circ}C$에서 일어나기 시작하였다. 열처리온도를 $800^{\circ}C$까지 증가시켰을 때, 계면확산은 자기특성을 저하시킬 정도로 급격히 진행되었다. 고온에서의 계면확산을 억제하기 위하여, $110{\AA}$ 두께의 ${\alpha}-Al_{2}O_{3}$ 버퍼층을 Ba-페라이트/$SiO_{2}$ 박막의 계면에 증착하여 사용하였다. Ba-페라이트/${\alpha}-Al_{2}O_{3}/SiO_{2}$ 박막에서는 $800^{\circ}C$의 고온까지 열처리하여도 계면확산이 심각하게 일어나지는 않았다. ${\alpha}-Al_{2}O_{3}$ 버퍼층에 의하여 계면확산이 억제되기 때문에 Ba-페라이트 자성박막의 포화자속밀도와 보자력이 향상되었다. 따라서 Ba-페라이트/$SiO_{2}$ 박막의 계면에서 ${\alpha}-Al_{2}O_{3}$ 버퍼층은 $SiO_{2}$ 기판 성분의 계면확산 장벽으로 사용될 수 있다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2016

Mapping brain structural and functional connections through the whole brain is essential for understanding brain mechanisms and the physiological bases of brain diseases. Although region specific structural or functional deficits cause brain diseases, the changes of interregional connections could also be important factors of brain diseases. This review will introduce common neuroimaging modalities, including structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging, and other recent neuroimaging analyses methods, such as voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness analysis, local gyrification index, and shape analysis for structural imaging. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy for diffusion MRI, and independent component analysis for fMRI also will also be introduced.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.70-73
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• 2009

사지의 운동 감소, 구음 장애, 어지럼증, 감각 이상을 보인 78세 여성에서 자기공명영상촬영 결과 양측 척추 혈관의 협착 혹은 폐색을 보인 급성 양 내측 연수 경색을 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고한다.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2008

Convection effect in liquids has been one of the main targets to be overcome in pulsed-field-gradient NMR measurements of self-diffusion coefficients since the temperature gradient along the sample tube generated by the heating and/or cooling process causes the effect, resulting in additional diffusion. It is known that the capillary is the most appropriate tube type for diffusion experiments at variable temperatures since the narrower tube suppresses convection effectively. For evaluating the properties of hydrogen bonding, diffusion coefficients of the $K^+$-complexed and free valinomycin in a micro tube have been determined at various temperatures. From the analysis of the obtained diffusion coefficient values, we could conclude that the intramolecular hydrogen bonding in both of the $K^+$ complexed and free valinomycin in a non-polar solvent is preserved over the observed temperature range, and the temperature dependence of hydrogen bonding is more pronounced in free valinomycin. It is also thought that there is no big change in the radius of the $K^+$-complexed as temperature is varied, and the ratio of overall radius, $r_{complex}/r_{free}$ is slightly decreased as temperature rises.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2005

Objective : The aim of this study is to assess the significance of an apparent diffusion coefficient[ADC] study for diagnosis of ventriculitis. Methods : Seven patients with ventriculitis were enrolled in this study. Diffusion-weighted[DW] magnetic resonance images[MRI] and ADC maps in the dependent intraventricular collection, periventricular white matter and non-dependent cerebrospinal fluid[CSF] were obtained. The images and ADC data from the different lesions were compared. Results : The DW MRI showed marked hyperintensity in the purulent pus lesion, and the corresponding ADC maps revealed prominent hypointensity and restricted ADC values compared with the non-dependent CSF and normal white matter. Conclusion : The decreased ADC value and increased signal intensity of the dependent intraventricular fluid on the DW MRI show restricted water diffusion in the purulent fluid, which is indicative of a pyogenic ventriculitis diagnosis.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Normal aging causes changes in the brain volume, connection, function and cognition. The brain changes with increases in age and difference of gender varies at all levels. Studies about normal brain aging using various brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables such as gray and white matter structural imaging, proton spectroscopy, apparent diffusion coefficient, diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI are reviewed. Total volume of brain increases after birth but decreases after 9 years old. During adulthood, total volume of brain is relatively stable. After 35 years old, brain shrinks gradually. The changes of gray and white matters by aging show different features. N-acetylaspartate decreases or remains unchanged but choline, creatine and myo-inositol increase with aging. Apparent diffusion coefficient decreases till 20 years old and then becomes stable during adulthood and increase after 60 years old. Diffusion tensor properties in white matter tissue are variable during aging. Resting-state functional connectivity decreases after middle age. Structural and functional brain changes with normal aging are important for studying various psychiatric diseases such as dementia, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Our review may be helpful for studying longitudinal changes of these diseases and successful aging.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.104-107
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• 2011

In the present study, we systematically investigated the effect of mechanical milling on the magnetic properties of $Sm_2Fe_{17}N_x$ powders produced by the reduction-diffusion process. The Sm-Fe powders obtained by the reduction-diffusion process were composed of an $Sm_2Fe_{17}N_x$ single phase. After nitrogenation, the coercivity and saturation magnetization of the powders were 0.48 kOe and 13.32 kG, respectively. The particle size largely decreased down to less than $2\;{\mu}m$ in diameter after ball milling for 30 hours. However, there is no evidence that the $Sm_2Fe_{17}N_x$ was decomposed to Sm-N and ${\alpha}$-Fe even after ball milling for 30 hours. The coercivity was significantly improved up to 8.82 kOe after milling for 60 hours. However, the magnetization decreased linearly with the ball milling time.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.842-846
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• 2010

In the present study, the reduction-diffusion method was employed to produce Sm-Fe alloy powder. It was confirmed that the amount of unreacted ${\alpha}-Fe$ in $Sm_2Fe_{17}$ matrix gradually decreased as the percentage of $Sm_2O_3$ increased. $Sm_2Fe_{17}$ single-phase powder was produced by the reduction-diffusion method with 40% excess $Sm_2O_3$. The Ca and Oxygen contents of the powder were approximately 300 ppm and 1600 ppm, respectively, after washing and acid treatment. By a subsequent nitrogenation, $Sm_2Fe_{17}N_x$ magnetic powders were produced. The coercivity of the powder increased with decreasing of the particle size by ball milling, and the highest coercivity of 2850 Oe was obtained after milling for 10 hours.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.324-327
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 확산과 슬롯 효과를 고려한 도체 판의 저주파수 자기장 차폐효과를 수치해석과 해석적인 해를 통해 분석하였다. 도체 판의 전도율이 낮은 경우에는 확산에 의한 투과가 지배적이며, 전도율이 높거나 주파수가 높아지면 표피효과로 인해 확산에 의한 투과는 줄어들고, 슬롯이 있는 경우 슬롯에 의한 투과가 우세함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 향후 고출력 전자파 방호시설의 자기장 차폐설계 및 평가기준에 대한 가이드라인으로 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2020

The aims of this study were to describe the appearance and size of the normal canine prostate using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. MR images were obtained from seven intact male beagle dogs using a 1.5 T MR unit. The sequences included pre- and post-contrast T1- and T2-weighted imaging with and without fat saturation. The signal intensity of the prostate was compared with the adjacent musculature, fat, and urine in the urinary bladder. We recorded the mean prostatic length, width, and height and the length of the sixth lumbar vertebral body (L6). In addition, the prostatic length (rL), width (rW), and height (rH) ratios to L6 were calculated. Diffusion-weighted images of the prostate were obtained and ADC values were calculated. The prostate was bilobed and oval-shaped, homogenous on T1-weighted images, and heterogeneous with radiating lines on T2-weighted images. Post-contrast T1-weighted sequences showed contrast enhancement of the central and radiating striations. The prostatic capsule was clearly identified on post-contrast T1-weighted images with fat saturation. The ADC values were 1.72-2.04 × 10-3mm2/sec (mean, 1.88 × 10-3mm2/sec). Knowledge of the normal appearance of the prostate on MR images is essential to assess prostatic diseases in dogs.